Ankara na Istanbul isi obodo nke Turkey? The isi obodo nke Turkey ugbu a

"Ankara na Istanbul isi obodo nke Turkey?" - na-eche ọtụtụ ndị mba ọzọ ndị njem nleta. Na nnọọ anya mgbe ha na-anụ na isi obodo na-emi odude ebe ke edem edere-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke mba. Gịnị na-eme ndị mmadụ na-eche na bụ isi obodo nke Istanbul? Eleghị anya na-akpali akpali usoro "Ebube Century", ihe The Epic nke narrate banyere vicissitudes nke a na ezinụlọ Ottoman Sultan Suleiman Qanooni (ngosi). Ee, na obodo na Golden Horn bụ isi obodo. Nakwa site n'ụzọ, ọ bụghị nanị na oge nke Sultans. Na Ankara? Ma ọ bụ a "ọhụrụ ụlọ" dị ka, sịnụ, Kazakh isi obodo nke Astana? Na vicissitudes akara aka nke obodo abụọ, na-agụ isiokwu a.

Istanbul isi

Honor taabụ nke "mbụ nkume" na obodo bụ Greek colonists. Na 658 BC. e. ha si na Megara na tọrọ ntọala a mmezi na a obere àgwàetiti, nke dị n'agbata Oké Osimiri nke Marmara na Golden Horn. Obodo ha ha aha ya bụ na nsọpụrụ nke onye ndú nke Alaeze Ukwu Byzantium. The mma obodo na ọnọdụ, nke mere ka o kwe ịchịkwa Itie ụgbọ mmiri nke Oké Osimiri nke Marmara ka Oké Osimiri Ojii na azụ, aka eme ka ndị mmadụ, mmepe nke crafts na ahia. City of Byzantium - n'ọdịnihu isi obodo Turkey Istanbul - emewo ngwa ngwa ghọọ otu n'ime ndị isi Greek obodo. Na '74 BC. e. Asia Minor meriri Rome. City, nke ókèala dịwo akp anya mbụ agwaetiti, wee na-ịga nke ọma. Ma mbuso agha nke Ọzọ, nke ghọrọ ndị mmalite nke ọgwụgwụ nke Alaeze Ukwu Rom, fegharịrị ọdịmma nke bi na Byzantium. Site na narị afọ nke atọ AD, obodo dabara ojuju.

ochie Ankara

Ọ bụrụ na ị na-ajụ ihe obodo oge ochie - Byzantium ma ọ bụ Angira (dị bụ nke mbụ aha nke isi obodo nke Turkey), ọ ga-ghọtara na ma oge a na obodo ukwu pụta banyere n'otu oge ahụ, na VII narị afọ BC, ma Ankara nwere ihe ọ outdo Istanbul . Ọ bụghị nnọọ site na ọ bụ a pụrụ iche obodo Neolithic Çatalhöyük. Ọbụna ugbu a Ankara na XI narị afọ (ogologo oge tupu mbata nke Greek colonists) enwere a ebe e wusiri ike, nke bụ otu n'ime ndị njikọ ke nzere yinye Het mmepeanya. -Akpali mmasị, okwu Grik maka "Angira" sụgharịta ka "arịlịka." Gịnị mere ụgbọ mmiri nnọchianya nke obodo, n'ebe dị anya n'ebe oké osimiri? Angira atọgbọrọworị na crossroads nke ọtụtụ ụzọ ejikọta Asia Minor na Europe na Africa. N'ihi na mma ọnọdụ nke obodo bụ mgbe niile lekwasịrị nke ọgụ. Ọ ekesịpde ndị Peasia, Phrygians, na Celts. A pụrụ iche kwalite mmepe nyere Roman mmeri. Emperor Augustus wuru ebe a ya n'oge okpomọkụ obibi. Na Angira, dị ka oge ochie Byzantium, e nwere uru nke mepere anya, dị ka Sewerage, inye mmiri, n'okporo ámá ọkụ, maka ndị na-esonụ iji ọkụ ọrụ na ndị uwe ojii.

ire ere ugboro

The ọwụwa anyanwụ nke buru ibu Alaeze Ukwu Rom bụ obere otụk site mbuso agha nke Ọzọ, karịa Western. Ya mere, a na nwa afọ nke Trier (oge a Germany) Konstantin Veliky na 324 kpebiri ịkwaga isi obodo nke ha ala na Byzantium. Na-abịa ka ụfọdụ ojuju nke obodo yiri isi obodo ụkpụrụ, eze ukwu malitere a nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ na-ewu. Ọ ẹkenam tax izu maka gaje kwabatara - omenkà na ahịa. Na afọ isii, obodo ebe amụbawo site ọtụtụ ugboro. N'ezie, ọ bụ nta karịa oge a Ankara ma ọ bụ Istanbul. The isi obodo nke Turkey n'oge ahụ a obere obodo. Ma Byzantium nke Constantine renamed New Rome mụbara. Emperor ukwuu chọrọ ịbụ isi obodo nke kpuchiri ya okomoko na Ebighị Ebi City. Ke adianade uru oru buu igba n'ulo, ọ na-ekesa site na-àkù nke achịcha, mmanụ oliv na mmanụ ụgbọala mkpa. Si Athens, Ephesus, Corinth, Rome na New Rome a kpọrọ-akpụ ihe na-ese ihe, architects na clerics.

Byzantine ugboro

The aha jidere na, na mgbe eze ukwu ahụ nwụrụ n'obodo e renamed Constantinople. Ọ bụ a ezigbo obodo ukwu nke n'oge Middle Ages. Ebe a nọ na-ada ihe ncheta nke chi nsọ, wuru ebube ụlọ arụsị, baths, olulu mmiri, na Hippodrome. City, enịm n'okpuru patronage nke Mary, nwere ọtụtụ azụmahịa na agha ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri. Mgbe ikpeazụ ida nke Alaeze Ukwu Rom, Constantinople ghọrọ isi obodo nke mba ọhụrụ - Byzantium. Nke a dị ike na mba, nke na-aga site basileis gbatịrị ukwuu n'ihu karịa ugbu a Turkey. Capital (Map Alaeze Ukwu Byzantium na ọ na-egosi) bụ mgbe ahụ fọrọ nke nta ke center nke mba. Ka n'ihu akp ime mmụọ mmetụta nke Byzantium. Religion Slavic iche iche bịara anyị si n'ebe ahụ. Nakwa dị ka mkpụrụ okwu - na Cyrillic mkpụrụ akwụkwọ. Ma Constantinople (a na-akpọ ndị Slav Constantinople) bụ lekwasịrị nke agha mkpọsa. Mụta ya rọrọ nke ndị eze nke West, Agha Ntụte, ndị Slav, Huns, Peasia, Avars, Arab na Pechenegs.

Ankara n'oge Byzantine ugboro

Okomoko na ịma mma nke a oké alaeze albeit udiozi, ma na-emetụta ndị dị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ onye agbata obi nke Constantinople - a obi umeala Angira. Site na nke a obodo gafere a oké mkpa ụzọ na East, na Asia. Maka akara nke "Silk Road" agha na ndị Arab na Agha Ntụte. Na-agwụ ike nke Alaeze Ukwu Byzantium, Ankara - isi obodo nke Turkey na-eme n'ọdịnihu - ebe n'ime onwunwe nke Seljuks. Nke a mere mgbe Malazgitskoy agha 1073. Ọ bụrụ na ndị obodo na-adịghị Seljuks dabara disrepair. Ma, ebe a na akụkọ ihe mere eme idaha pụtara Ottoman. Ná mmalite nke XV narị afọ nke agha nọ n'okpuru iwu nke Sultan Bayezid m agha na Agha nke Ankara na Timur agha. The obodo na gburugburu ya na-idiọk akwusila. Otú ọ dị, Sultan agha ibu agha n'agha nka e meriri, na ya onwe ya n'agha.

ebube na narị afọ

561 afọ gara aga, May 29, 1453, Constantinople e weere site ndị agha Mehmed II Fatih (emeri). Constantine XI Palaeologus, akpatre Basileus, e gburu n'agha. N'ihi ya biri ihe karịrị 1,100 afọ akụkọ ihe mere nke Alaeze Ukwu Byzantium. Constantinople e renamed Istanbul. "Magburu Porte" (dị ka dịkọrọ ndụ na-akpọ Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman nke Turks), we nweta a aku nwere, ọ na-otu nke ndị a ma ama egwuregwu na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị arena nke ụwa. Tupu Mehmed Fatih bụghị a ajụjụ - Ankara ma ọ bụ Istanbul. The isi obodo nke Turkish Ottoman nwere iji merie pụrụ ichetụ n'echiche nke mba ọzọ nnọchiteanya okomoko na-enwetụbeghị ụdị ọnụ ọgụgụ. Ọ na-ebe a wuru grandiose alakụba na, n'ezie, Sultan nke Topkapi Obí.

Ankara n'oge ọchịchị Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman

The ugbu a isi obodo nke Turkey tupu ọdịda nke Constantinople kpaliri akpa Seljuks, na mgbe ahụ ka Ottoman. Nke a obodo na Anatolian ala dị larịị dịwo agba nkịtị na a ndụ nke n'ókè-eche nche. Na IX VI nke afọ (ọbụna mgbe Byzantine bazilevs) e wuru na a sọrọ mgbanaka citadel nzere mgbidi. The isi obodo nke Turkey, Istanbul e kwuwo na Ankara ahịa ụzọ. Ya mere, n'ógbè obodo ka na-abụghị backwater. Ebe alakụba na-wuru - ụfọdụ na na na ndabere nke Christian ụka, nke, n'aka, e wuru na saịtị nke n'ụlọ arụsị. Ihe odide kasị ochie islam ụlọ ke Ankara atụle Hadzhibayram alakụba, wuru na XV narị afọ na mkpọmkpọ ebe nke Temple nke St. Augustine, na Roma. Nke a okpukpe ka na-arụ ya ọrụ. Inside bụ n'ili nke Haji Bayram, senti na nchoputa nke ndi mọnk iji, bụ onye nwụrụ na 1430.

Ankara - isi obodo nke Turkey

Na 18-19 nke ọtụtụ narị afọ, ndị ọchịchị Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman, ebelatawo mgbe mgbe agha, wee banye ojuju. Ọbụna Agha Ụwa Mbụ, Turkey kpebiri iji na-akwado Germany - na n'ihi na-ekewa na ya ilu nke mmeri. Ya mere, na 1918, Istanbul e nwere site na French agha, bụ UK na Greece. Ma n'oge na mgbe na-alụ maka nnwere onwe, ụwa ka ghọtara ọbụbụeze nke Turkey. Na 1923, ndị ndú Mustafa Kemal Ataturk kwusara nkwatu nke ọchịchị ndị eze na nke mmụta. Ọ chọghị ka onwe ya dị ka ihe dị ka o kwere site na "ọchịchị" nke Istanbul, karịsịa ebe ọ bụ na e nwere ọtụtụ ndị na-akwado nke ochie ọchịchị. Ke adianade do, Atatürk chọrọ ịkwaga isi obodo nke "akara nke agha arụmọrụ." Ankara họpụtara site ohere. Obodo a bụ dịtụ nso Istanbul, nwekwara e jikọrọ ya na ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè. Ma ọhụrụ isi obodo nke Turkey (photos nke afọ ndị ahụ bụ akaebe doro) bụ a zuru ezu backwater. The obodo enweghị mmiri pọmpụ, ọkụ, siwa. Nnọchiteanya mkparị kwuru na inyinya-ibu kegide a trellis window mba Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

The isi obodo nke Turkey ugbu a

Ataturk ọtụtụ nyekwara ke ewu na mmepe nke obodo. Ugbu a, ọ bụ a multi-nde obodo ukwu. The isi mma bụ Ankara mausoleum nke mba ndú Ataturk. Next ka Kacha ọhụrụ ụlọ ebe a adjoin warara ochie n'okporo ámá na oge ochie alakụba. Ma ọtụtụ embassies na ọchịchị ụlọ ẹbọhọ obi abụọ ọ bụla dị ka nke ahu bu obodo - Ankara ma ọ bụ Istanbul - isi obodo nke Turkey.