Atlas Mountains - iche iche ugwu ugwu

Ọtụtụ nke ókèala nke Africa emi odude ke African lithospheric efere. Ọ bụ ndị kasị ochie n'elu ikpo okwu na n'oge gara aga bụ akụkụ nke a nnukwu kọntinent nke Gondwana. Na Triassic oge n'okpuru nduzi nke mpụga agha nke Earth elu ugwu na adị na ochie na Afrika, nwere dara. The mmejọ nke jikọrọ ọnụ, e guzobere horst, ala ọma jijiji ga-emerụ ahụ mere ka e guzobere undulating mbara ọzara, elu elu ugwu dị larịị, nnukwu efere na ihe ọhụrụ ọnụ ọnụ. Africa - naanị Afrika nke ọhụrụ ugwu a kpụrụ bụghị na zones nke apịaji owuwu. The ugwu ndị kasị elu na Africa erukwa na East African ugwu. Mountain nso Drakensberg guzobere ọwụwa anyanwụ nke ebe ndịda Afrika. South nke Afrika-n'ókè site a dị larịị nke Cape ugwu na n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ agbatị na Atlas Ugwu. Ha ugwu ridges na-enịm na na nkwụsị nke abụọ lithospheric efere.

Atlas ugwu, ma ọ bụ Atlas etolite edere protrusion Afrika, nke na-kewapụrụ Southern Europe naanị Gibraltar mkpagide. North-ọdịda anyanwụ nke Afrika n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ site na Atlantic Ocean n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na n'ebe ugwu - Oké Osimiri Mediterenian. N'ebe ndịda, ọ dịghị doro anya ókè na Sahara, e mere ya site n'ebe ndịda ụkwụ nke ugwu nke Atlas, nke nkpirikpi desert Okirikiri.

Atlas ihe kasị dị ịrịba ịrị elu nke ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Africa. Mountain nso erukwa si Atlantic n'ụsọ oké osimiri site na Morocco, Algeria ruo n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Tunisia. Ọ mejupụtara nke High Atlas ugwu, Tel-Atlas, na Saharan Atlas, Middle Atlas, Anti-Atlas, n'ime obodo dị larịị nakwa na mbara ọzara. The kasị elu mgbe ndị North Africa na High Atlas bụ Toubkal ugwu, esịmde a dị elu nke 4167 m. Ọ bụkwa ugwu kasị elu nke North African. Atlas na nke akụkụ a nke ugwu bụ yiri nnọọ ka Alps na Caucasus. N'ụzọ dị iche, Middle Atlas bụ a dị larịị-dị ka n'elu na a ịkpụ site ndagwurugwu miri nnọọ emi. Iji n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ bụ a n'ihu nke High Atlas Saharan Atlas. N'ebe ndịda nke High Atlas, Anti-Atlas ugwu na-- welitere Cenozoic mmegharị mpụga nke oge ochie efere.

Mmalite Atlas ugwu jikọọ miri mmejọ akpụ lineaments (linear enyemaka ọcha). Na geological okwu ndị Atlas Mountains bụ nakwa dị ịrịba ama maka eziokwu na na-udia ebe maka nke a oké osimiri ọtụtụ ala artesian efere, nke dị n'okpuru ndị kasị ukwuu n'ụwa Sahara desert.

Tinyere Mediterranean n'ụsọ oké osimiri, na-agbaso contours nke n'ụsọ oké osimiri, towering eto eto apịaji ugwu Rif Atlas, Atlas Tel-ruo 2500 m. Ha na-a kpọmkwem n'ihu nke ugwu nke Sicily na Southern Spain. Ọtụtụ ọnụ ọnụ ugwu, gụnyere Toubkal, bụ nwuchapu agbọpụta ọkụ.

Na-akpali, ma ndị obodo ahụ na nke Atlas abụghị otu aha nke ugwu, e bụ aha naanị onye dị larịị nakwa ridges. Onwe Ha aha "Atlas Mountains", "atilasi" nke ndị obodo ahụ na-adịghị emetụta. Ha na-e na Europe na nwere ya si malite n'oge ochie myths, nke ndị ha bụrụ dị ka "ugwu nke Atlanta", a akụkọ ifo titan Atlas, ma ọ bụ Atlas, Perseus ghọọ African ugwu maka ịjụ ile ọbịa.

Ịdị adị nke Atlas ugwu mbụ ghọrọ maara nke ndị Finishia njem. Nkọwa zuru ezu nke na Ngwuputa usoro a na ẹdude ke ọrụ nke Maksima Tirskogo. Ma ukwuu gbasaa echiche nke ugwu site pụtara ìhè German nchọpụta Rolf Gerhard Africa. Ọ na nwogharia dị ka a Muslim gafere High Atlas, kwuru, sị map ugwu, na-enyocha ndị kasị ibu oases si Algeria nọrọ na Sahara.

Atlas Mountains, emi odude nso Marrakech,-ewere dị ka ọkpara. Ha afọ kpebisiri ike site Cretaceous na Jurassic oge.

Akụkụ nke oge a na odida obodo nke Atlas Mountains adabere na sharply continental na kama akọrọ idụhe. Sara mbara weathering Filiks-eduga ná mbibi nke ugwu na ha ìgwè na ụkwụ nke a nnukwu ego nke irighiri, otu nke na-kasị elu ridges na a zuru ezu nkpoda na-egbusi ọnụ ọnụ. Ọ ọdịiche enyemaka bụkwa a ike erosive dismemberment. Mountain àmà bee site miri ndagwurugwu, esịtidem elu nke ala dị larịị gafere site a usoro nke ọwa - nketa nke a akụkọ.

N'ihi Atlas ugwu typical Mediterranean idụhe. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ na-ejighị n'aka na-adabere n'ịdị elu nnọọ oké. N'ihi ya, ebe nke High Atlas atụmatụ a typical ugwu na ihu igwe na oyi, anwụ na-acha summers na nnọọ oyi. The nkezi okpomọkụ na okpomọkụ esịmde + 25⁰S oyi okpomọkụ na-lowered ka mgbe ụfọdụ -20⁰S. Nso Atlas Mountains e ji ịrịba mmiri ozuzo na oyi. Na mpaghara ebe a na e nwere ọtụtụ mgbe mmiri.

N'oge okpomọkụ oge esịtidem elu nke ndagwurugwu na ala dị larịị ike Okpomoku, okpomọkụ pụrụ iru + 50⁰S. Night, on Kama nke ahụ, ezi mma na Ugboro frosts.

The osisi cover Atlas agbanwe mgbe akpụ akpụ site na n'ime ala gbara osimiri okirikiri ebe. Lower mkpọda kpuchie Asherim nke Dwarf nkwụ, Evergreen bushland na oké ọhịa nke okwuchi oak. The elu mkpọda na-kpuchie na oké ọhịa nke yew na Atlas cedar. Inland ndagwurugwu, dị larịị na saline obere Ona bụ ọkara n'ọzara, na-akọrọ steppes.

High na ugwu bụ Alpine ala ahịhịa juru, nke dị iche na ha na umu mejupụtara nke European ugwu ala ahịhịa juru. Onwe Ha n'elu nke riiji nke na-enweghị ahịhịa, na a ukwuu nke ndị afọ na-kpuchie na snow. Southern foothills odude desert ebe mgbe ụfọdụ oases.

Animal World Atlas na-anọchi anya dị iche iche na ụdị anụmanụ nke Africa na Southern Europe: a nwaanyị, jerboa, hares, hyenas, nkịta ọhịa, ọhịa nwamba na civets. On nkume hụrụ Barbary Macaque, na ọtụtụ agwọ na ngwere.

Population High na Middle Atlas lekwasị na ụkwụ nke ugwu na ndagwurugwu, bụ ebe ndị ala bụ mmiri na esichara n'okpuru olive n'ugbo, citrus, na ndị ọzọ kụrụ akụ. Na mbara nke ugwu mkpọda mkpụrụ vaịn na-toro. Ndị obodo a na-aku ehi ozuzu, cultivation nke ọka ike Alfa - a bara uru akụrụngwa n'ihi na imewe nke ezi akwụkwọ.