Defense Arctic. Polar Nrite maka agbachitere

Na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ Arctic agbachitere na mbụ oge nke agha dị iche iche si see okwu na onye iro anyị agha n'ebe ọzọ n'ihu. Na North, na iche ọzọ n'ókè-ala ebe, Red Army agha nyere onye iro naanị a nnọọ obere ebe. Anyị agha na-ifịk ifịk gbachiteere, mgbe ụfọdụ ọbụna na counterattacking.

Akasiaha agha

Nazi Germany, na-eme atụmatụ na-awakpo ndị Soviet Union, ada mmepe nke dị iche iche ntụziaka. The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị dị otú ahụ ebe ma banye n'ebe ugwu nke mba ahụ, gụnyere ndị Kola Peninsula. Ịlụ ọgụ wee daa n'ebe ndị na mmalite nke agha na kere ruo ọdịda nke 1944. Isi iro etiwapụ ada n'elu compound nke North na Karelian asakde iso ese. Ke adianade do, ọ nwere na-alụ ọgụ naval agha nke Northern Fleet, guzo n'ihu-akara ebe.

War eruwo Arctic na June ụbọchị nke 1941. The mastery nke Soviet district nke North Army nyere ndị German Wehrmacht Nazi na-edu ndú "Norway". A agha dị mkpa iji hazie e meriri ndị agha Soviet na kpọọ nke Murmansk, sochiri emeri ndị Kola Peninsula.

Na-akpasu iwe na ime bụ site ndị agha Germany ikuku armada nke 400 ugbo elu. Ke edere edere Norway ke n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri n'obodo ndị ahụ dabeere na 5 torpedo ụgbọ mmiri, 6 submarines. E wezụga na ọ na-zubere na-agụnye 15 Ụgbọ mmiri jide ndị Norwegian.

Red Army agha

A agha ihu nke 14 Army nke Red Army. Ọ gụnyere a obere ahụ, abụọ dị iche iche bipu nkewa na ikuku nkewa. Si n'oké osimiri, nkwado nyere Northern Fleet. Ihe ịma aka jụrụ site sonyere nke Arctic Defense bụ a cover ugwu ókè na odida inwere site na onye iro n'ihu, 550 km n'obosara.

Ókè-ala-edoghi nke Red Army e kere na ntụziaka nke Murmansk, ebe isi akara nke na-azara ọnụ na osimiri Zapadnaya Litsa. Ya na-azara ọnụ na-akụkụ nke 14 nke na 52 nke bipu Division.

Dị ka ọtụtụ ndị na atọ iji chebe onwe edoghi na-wuru na Kandalaksha direction. Ihe kpatara nke ndị dị otú ahụ a miri emi rụrụ na mpaghara agha formations of Soviet agha bụ ya kasị mkpa, jikọtara na a enweghị mma ebe duzie agbachitere, na-emeghe ka iyi tojubigara ókè nke na-agbachitere na ihe ize ndụ nke ha mkpuchi nke onye iro. E agbachitere e wuru na obosara nke ruo 30 km. ike njupụta bụ ala ebe a - banyere 9 egbe na 22 tankị kwa 1 km. The Germany nwere a bukwanu elu. Manpower na ogbunigwe ha nwere 2 ugboro ọzọ ugbo elu - na anọ.

mbụ iku

Mmetụta na ntụziaka nke Murmansk, German agha gburu na n'ime ụbọchị asaa mgbe agha ahụ malitere. Inwe nọrọ ogbunigwe nkwadebe na ikuku airstrike, onye iro agha nkewa nke Soviet agha na n'ihu obosara nke banyere 35 km. Na otu ụbọchị, na-akpasu iwe onye iro bụ ike na-enwe ọganihu na 8-12 km, ebe ọ nọ na-akwụsị. Si otú malitere na agbachitere Polar mpaghara.

A abụọ iji ọgụ

Mgbe regrouping ahụ "Norway" July 7 wee na-akpasu iwe. Part gafere Western Litsa na miri penetrated ndị nzere iwu nke 52nd bipu Division. N'ihi na enweghị nke mee na Soviet agha kere a dị oké egwu ọnọdụ. Ịgbalị ịdọpụ uche si n'ihu nke onye iro agha, bụ ọchịagha nke Marines rutere malochislenny, dented ka iyi tojubigara ókè nke onye iro. Mmetụta abụghị ogologo na-abịa. Enweghị imara ezi ike nke Marines, na onye-iro tụbara ya suppression nke dum 3rd battalion, n'otu oge echikwapụ ndị pụtara ìhè ike. Parts nke 52nd bipu Division ịga nke ọma n'ime ndị kasị sie ike iji chebe onwe agha na-eyi ala onye iro, na mgbe ahụ na N'ezie nke counter-agha, na-akwado site na ndi nāpunara "Uritsky" na "Kuibyshev", inupụ onye iro azụ ha na mbụ ọnọdụ.

July 11 onye-iro maliteghachiri iwe ihe. Ọ bụ ike imebi n'ime nzere iwu nke 52nd Division, ma isi ike ndị na-eguzogide nke anyị agha n'ime ụbọchị abụọ nke na mmalite nke onye iro aka kwụsị. Ọbụna n'oge ndị izu ekele bụrụkwa omume nke counterattacking, a manyere ịdọrọ ha mbụ na ọnọdụ.

Akpaghasị July iwe nyeere Marines ndị e rutere n'etiti July na akwụ ụgwọ a ka iyi tojubigara ókè agha ahụ na-abịanụ agha bụ ndị iro. Ọ bụ ike ịdọpụ uche ha nnukwu onye iro agha.

mgbụsị akwụkwọ ọgụ

The iro ahụhụ nnukwu ọdachi na July ọgụ na efu a otutu na ngwá agha. Nke a mere ka ndị iro ya ngwa ngwa iwusi otu, hiwere na Arctic. Na August, na SS rutere ebe a n'etiti 6,500 ndị mmadụ. Agbanweela reorganization na Soviet agha na Arctic. Dabere na Northern Front e kere Karelia na Leningrad na njedebe nke August.

September 7 onye fasizim agha ọzọ malitere imegide anyị bipu nkewa. Ha ịga nke ọma gafere ọtụtụ 14 nke Division na-emechi ụzọ n'etiti Murmansk na Western High School, nke etre na nri ma na-etinye njedebe nke esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile.

abanye mee

Ọnọdụ na-amanye ndị iwu na-enweghị-eche guzobe nke 186th bipu Division, akpali ya agha. September 15 ya ogologo si March ẹkesịn idem ke ọgụ, ịkwụsị tupu nke onye iro.

September 23 186th Division, mesikwuru site a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke bipu regiments, okpu, na-eme a counterattack na agha bụ ndị iro ama agbajikwa site na-atụba ya iji kpochapụ ihe itunanya ma weghachi n'ihu akara. Defense nke Soviet Arctic, ebe e nwere foto ke ibuotikọ, ahụmahụ ndị kasị bụrụkwa adọ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme.

Na ntụziaka nke Kandalaksha iro iwe malitere July 1. A ụbọchị ole na ole nkewa anyị agha jisiri ọma egosipụta persistent ọgụ nke onye iro agha. Mgbe iyi egwu ebe bilitere n'ihi iyi tojubigara ókè itunanya onyeisi ndị agha nyere iwu ka agbahapụ nke abụọ akara nke na-azara ọnụ. On a ala anyị agha ụbọchị iri anọ ọma abụrụ onye iro ọgụ.

The mmeri SS nkeji

Group "Nord" SS - na na na Polar region Jikọọ SS socha n'oge July. Fọrọ nke nta ozugbo German nkeji na-eche nnukwu nsogbu na-emeri ihe Soviet nchebe. Na mpaghara nke Salla Soviet agha onye na-akwakọba ahụmahụ na Finnish War, agha a na-ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mbụ ọgụ nke onye iro, na mgbe ahụ na counterattacked. Ha tụbara Germany maka a anya. N'agha nke mbụ nke SS agha efu 100 ikom gburu na 250 ndị mmadụ merụrụ ahụ. SS 150 efu.

The si eme nke German agha bụ isi dị ka nke a. N'oge ịta nke agha bụ ndị iro mgbe ngagharị dị iche iche ntụziaka tinye n'ihu obere ìgwè na-ozugbo kwadebere iji chebe onwe ọnọdụ. Next malitere shelling na nyoputa onyeiro chọta flaws na nzere rụrụ anyị agha.

Iji kwadebe-akpasu ya iwe ekwu ọtụtụ E duziri ka a omimi nke 15 km, nke alternates na ọgụ nke atụ bọmbụ na-ebute ụzọ. Mgbe ahụ soro bipu agha, nke e-akwado site na ogbunigwe na tankị na iche iche nke 2-3, na-agbalị na-ebu gafere ọtụtụ agbachitere Soviet agha, ma ọ bụ na-ahụ na ọ na ọtụtụ ngwangwa mgbe.

Onye iro ikpeazụ na-akpasu iwe na 1941

Ọzọ onye fasizim agha na oru na 1 November. Anyị agha fiercely guzogidere onye iro. Ụbọchị 12 onye-iro gbalịrị ọgụ, ma merela agadi naanị a omimi nke 3 km. Na njedebe, na onye-iro-akpasu iwe tiwaputara akpọnwụwo. Abịa reinforcements ugbua na November 23, ọnụ na isi agha kwagara iwe, na-atụba onye iro ha mbụ na ọnọdụ.

Onye iro nke ndị ike gwụrụ na ike na-ebu iwe. The German iwu nwara ziri ezi na-enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma na nke a ndi oru siri eke ọnọdụ. Na eziokwu, ọ bụ atụmatụ nke ndị Nazi nyeere derail nraranye nke Red Army na obodo bi.

Kpa na haziri ahazi na-eguzogide, na German ọchịchị manyere eyigharị atụmatụ ẹkemụm Murmansk ruo mgbe mma ugboro. Otú ọ dị, ndị a n'obi na-adịghị emejuputa atumatu.

N'ihi ya, na N'ezie nke chebe onwe-eme ihe, nke e kere ọnwa atọ, ala agha nke Soviet agha, na-akwado agha mmiri na ikuku ike, abụrụ niile ọgụ nke onye iro, na-akpaghasị ya na atụmatụ na-Murmansk. N'ihi na arọ weere na onye iro bụ enwe ike ịzụlite abufuw edinam na chigharịkwuuru agbachitere.

Stabilization nke n'ihu akara

On na mbụ-enweta ọnọdụ nke n'ihu akara e Nọsi'ike na, ọ bụ ezie na mgbalị ndị e mere iji gbanwee ọnọdụ na abụọ nọ na-ruo n'etiti n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1944.

Na-agbachitere, ndị agha nke nke 14 Army, na-egosi oké ahịhịa, ike jide akara maka a ogologo oge. Rụpụtara na mgbalị na-akụkụ na anyị gburugburu ebe obibi agha-ewute obi ike ozize na counter-omume idobere agha. Kpọrọ emetụta na-alụ ọgụ na-ekere òkè amphibious landings, na-arụ ọrụ ahụ n'azụ nke na-aga n'ihu onye iro. Mgbe a na ogbo nke Arctic n'elu-agbachitere, na Red Army nọrịị ọzọ ihe oké ọchịchọ mgbaru ọsọ.

The results nke mkpọsa

Command agha ịgbachitere anyị agha bụ ike na-aga n'ihu. Mgbalị nile e anọgide iji na idozi agha aga-eme. Command ndị agha na akụkụ-achịkwa si iwu center, emi odude nso Murmansk na onye nwere nchedo site iro ikuku etiwapụ. Nkwurịta okwu n'etiti ngalaba bụ pụrụ ịdabere na. Iji gosi na ọ na-eji Wired media na obodo loops.

Na nke a oge ihe dị mkpa agha na Arctic bụ White na Barents n'oké osimiri. The protagonists ihe ndị ahụ merenụ bụ North Sea-akwọ ụgbọ mmiri, bụ ndị jisiri ke afọ iji chebe Soviet Arctic ọma ẹkenịmde ke edere edere na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Soviet Union ihe fọrọ nke nta 1,400 mmiri na 78 convoys.

Na N'ezie nke 1942-1943, a oru nke n'ihu ekedi idaha ọgụ ọnọdụ, ebe uru na-enweghị ike iji nweta ihe ọ bụla nke agha ọzọ. Operation akpatre ntọhapụ nke ndị Soviet Arctic malitere na 1944, na 7 October. Soviet agha see Luostari na Petsamo. N'ime izu abụọ nke na-alụ ọgụ na Red Army jisiri otutu azụ onye iro karịrị ala nke USSR.

Oruru nke enọ

Ọnwa abụọ mgbe ikpeazụ meriri nke German-Finnish mwakpo na Soviet North, na December 1944, o nyere iwu guzosie ike nrite "N'ihi na Defense nke Soviet Arctic." The initiator nke iwu ọhụrụ na awarding Ọla na sonyere na ihe omume ndị ọ bụ obodo si n'elu na-edu ndú. Na mmepe nke ya abuana Colonel Alov artist Kuznetsov.

Echiche nke guzosie ike a nrite gbara akwụkwọ Scout Karelian Front. Iji mpi ọrụ a n'ihu ọtụtụ osise, ndị kasị mma nke ghọtara a osisi mere Lieutenant Colonel als. Kenkwucha agha kansul akwadowo echiche. The osisi e zigara Moscow. The mbụ draft nke na-ede akwụkwọ gbanwetụrụ na-ese Kuznetsov, na award ka enwetara ikpeazụ ya ụdị.

Ma agha na ndị nkịtị onye so mee ka ndị agha nke Soviet Arctic, natara nrite maka agbachitere Polar mpaghara. The ndepụta awardees bụ 353.240 ndị mmadụ.

iwu nke awarding

Arctic Defense kere si mmalite nke agha ruo mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke October 1944. Iji award anọchite anya ndị nile nọ n'ọrụ sonyere na isi ihe - ndi-agha, ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri na ndị nkịtị. Iji a mmadụ ọ e ọdịda a nrite, mkpa akwụkwọ na ike gosi ya na-ekere òkè agbachitere mpaghara. Dị Mkpa ase nwere inye isi, management nke ọgwụ na ahụ ike oru, òtù nke onyeisi ike.

Ikike award e nyere ndị agha na ndi nkiti na ndị niile na ogwe aka, na-ekere òkè ifịk ifịk na-agbachitere na-erughị ọnwa isii, sonye pụrụ iche arụmọrụ, nke e rụrụ n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1944 (nke ikpe oge nke na-ekere òkè ụkpụrụ ama), nakwa dị ka nkịtị, gbachiteere Arctic bụghị -erughị ọnwa isii ụzọ dị ka ha. People ọdịda nke nrite maka Arctic agbachitere nwere ike ma agha na ndi nkiti na. Ya mere, nke a nrite bụ Valentin Pluchek, a ma ama film director, n'oge agha, ada ejije nkiri dị n'ógbè ahụ. N'ihi Arctic agbachitere nwekwara ọdịda Yuri Herman maka ya nchụàjà "Far North," dere na Karelian n'ihu.

Nri ngosi nke Ọla

Polar Nrite maka agbachitere, na-agbata n'ọsọ ndepụta nke nwere aha nke Nwere Obi Ike ma nwee obi ike ndị - elu nwale nke onyinye nke agha na ndị bi n'ógbè ahụ na mmeri iro. The ọnọdụ na nguzobe nke a ụgwọ ọrụ, nke e mma site ọchịchị, o nwere ike e gosiri ndị isi nke nkeji nke Red Army, ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri na-eje ozi na nche ọrụ. Ndị nwụrụla kwụsị ozi ha na ndị agha ma ọ bụ onye agha mmiri maka a dịgasị iche iche, gụnyere ihe nweta nke ezumike nká afọ, nrite ike-ọdịda ikike nke agha commissariat nke ebe obibi. Nkịtị na steeti a award e nyere ikike inye councils nke nnọchiteanya nke Murmansk na Murmansk mpaghara. Persons ọdịda na nrite "N'ihi Defense of Soviet Arctic" pụrụ ịdị ka ndị agha (dị ka ndị a ma ama onye nzọpụta Chelyuskinites pilot Liapidevskii) na obodo.

mpụga imewe

Nrite maka Defense nke Polar region e mere nke ọla. Ya dayameta - 3.2 cm. The obverse nrite na-mma agha image Ile etinye nri ya na ogwe aka na ta isi ya wee gwa ndị na nri. Agha onwem n'ihi oyi: aji okpu na a red kpakpando, uwe. Ọ rụrụ ya na mbụ ngwá agha - submachine egbe PCA. Na ekpe oke nke mkpụrụ ego nwere ike hụrụ a iberibe nke a naval arịa, positioned na elu na abụọ na-efe efe ụgbọelu. N'okpuru ebe a, na mgbada, hụrụ tankị. Ke adianade do, na obverse e bụ aha nke a ụgwọ ọrụ, nke bụ na gburugburu site n'aka ekpe gaa n'aka nri. Na nkeji n'etiti mbụ na ikpeazụ okwu nke e dere na teepu, nke a kọwara na ise-kapịrị ọnụ kpakpando na emblem nke USSR na center.

On agbara n'akụkụ nke mkpụrụ ego na atọ edoghi nke motto: "N'ihi na anyị na Soviet motherland". N'elu na, na Soviet uwe nke ogwe aka nwere ike hụrụ.

Silk rịbọn nwere a obosara nke 2.4 cm, agba ya-acha anụnụ anụnụ. Middle - green gbalaga 6 mm n'obosara, nkerisi ubi n'ime hà akụkụ.