Dị ka acetylene a kwadebere si methane

Acetylene bụ a umi nke klas nke alkynes. Na ndị ọzọ okwu, hydrocarbon nke nwere onye ọ bụla molekul Mmaji nkekọ. Na nke a chemical usoro acetylene dị ka ndị a: C ₂ H _2. N'onwe ya, a umi bụ a colorless gas, nke bụ ọtụtụ Mkpa ọkụ ka ikuku. Acetylene enwetara site methane. Umi bụ reactive na-agbawa agbawa.

Olee otú iji nweta acetylene

Of methane ke ufọk na-acetylene bụ nnọọ ike. Ihe kacha usoro maka iche nke gas - a mmiri mkpatụ na calcium carbide. Ọtụtụ n'ime eleghị anya ị na-echeta otú nditop ke puddles iberibe nke umi na ihe mmeghachi omume na-adị. E kwuru ngwa igbu mkporohihi. Ma calcium carbide, mgbe ahụ, ọ nwayọọ nwayọọ gbazee, akpụ a oké ego nke ụfụfụ. A yiri mmeghachi omume nwere ike e dere dị ka:

CAC ₂ + 2H ₂ O = C ₂ H ₂ + Ca (OH) _2.

Ọtụtụ oru calcium carbide na-eji, nke nwere nnukwu ego nke adịghị. N'ihi ya, mmeghachi omume ihe onwunwe na mmiri tọhapụrụ ọjọọ ísì ụtọ. Ọ na-ebilite si guzobere, ọnụ na a obere ego nke acetylene gas na-egbu egbu vapors. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ọ bụ a phosphine, hydrogen sulfide, na na. Nke a na usoro bụ ihe kasị nkịtị, dị ka iji nweta acetylene si methane ekwe omume nanị pụrụ iche akụrụngwa.

Nkwadebe Industry

Olee otú iji na-enweta acetylene si methane na ihe ulo oru gburugburu ebe obibi? Ugbu eji naanị otu usoro - cracking. N'oge nkwadebe nke acetylene na-rụrụ decoupling -c-C. Nke a pụtara na ọnụnọ nke akpali na na a zuru ezu elu okpomọkụ ikpughe. N'ihi na-eji methane - eke gas. Nke a bụ ihe ego na ngwa ngwa dị ngwaọrụ. Ọ bụ n'ihi na nke a mere na cracking bụ ezi uche kasị usoro ma aku na uba nyochawa.

Olee otú gbawara

Iji mepụta na ntughari nke "methane - acetylene" na ọtụtụ ụzọ. Ke akpa idaha, eke gas na-gabiga tupu ọkụ electrode. The okpomọkụ nwere ike iru ruo 1600 Celsius C. Mgbe kpo oku, ngwa ngwa jụrụ emee. Nke abụọ usoro a na-dabere na ojiji nke okpomọkụ na-eme site na ele mmadụ anya n'ihu combustion nke acetylene.

Mmeghachi omume akụkụ "methane - acetylene" na-e dere dị ka ndị a:

1. Ọ bụrụ na m: 2 Ihe E Mere ₄ = C ₂ H ₂ + 3H _2.

1. Ọ bụrụ na II: 6SN ₄ + 4O ₂ = C ₂ H ₂ + 8H + 3SO ₂ + CO ₂ + 3H ₂ O.

Ndị ọkachamara na-adịghị ike ikwu iji maka nchekwa nke acetylene cylinders onwem na valves ọla. N'ezie, na ihe ndị mejupụtara nke alloy nwere ọla kọpa. Ebe ọ bụ na acetylene na ya nọ n'ọrụ, ọ nwere ike na-eme na metal. Dị ka a N'ihi nke a n'ụdị na-agbawa agbawa nnu.

The ojiji nke acetylene

Acetylene - a umi na na ọtụtụ-eji dị iche iche ulo oru ndi. Ọtụtụ mgbe, nke a gas na-eji na mmepụta nke ethyl mmanya dị ka isi akụrụngwa. Ke adianade do, acetylene na-eji maka ụdị ụfọdụ nke roba, plastik na acetic acid.

Active gas na ọtụtụ-eji, na n'oge ịgbado ọkụ, ya na mgbe ịcha ọla na ígwè kpụọ. Ọ ga-kwuru na ike ire ọkụ a kpụrụ na ọxịdashọn site oxygen acetylene. Gas iyi bụ ya zuru ezu ìhè na oriọna nke kwurula ụdị. Dabere acetylene mepụtara explosives, nke na-n'ihu eji dị detonators.