Esorowo pistons maka dị iche iche ụgbọ ala ụdị

Ọtụtụ nke teknụzụ zigara akpakanamde ụlọ ọrụ nke Motorsport. E ji mee ihe ngwọta na nkọwa na-ewere dị ka ndị a pụrụ ịdabere na arụmọrụ nke n'omume, dị ka esorowo pistons. Avtotehnologiya dabere na ojiji nke akụkụ ụfọdụ nke data na-akọ na ojiji nke ụdị egwuregwu mkpebi na ndi nkiti ụgbọala.

definition

Pistons-ọkọnọ bushings oval, na-akpụ akpụ ekwesị n'ime cylinder na compresses mmanụ ụgbọala-air ngwakọta. Dị ka technology ndị a n'akụkụ ekewa nkedo na ígwè. Ka anyị tụlee ha n'ụzọ zuru ezu.

Akụkụ nke ọrụ

The pistons nke mbụ ụdị na-n'ịnyịnya na kasị ugbo ala, dị ka ha na-ọma egosipụta onwe ha na-adị kwa ụbọchị ime ihe na ndị zuru ezu n'ihi na ọtụtụ ọrụ 'mkpa. Esorowo pistons na-iji na-arụ ọrụ na elu ibu, n'ihi ya, ha na-eji na egwuregwu na ọduọ ụgbọala. Bu, na ihe owuwu ma na atụmatụ nke a nyere akụrụngwa kpebisiri ike dabere na ọnọdụ nke ya ịrụ ọrụ.

The kasị intensively eme na pistons n'oge engine ọrụ na-akpata bụ okpomọkụ. Ọ na-eduga ná mmụba nke metal, ndị na-abụghị edo: ọ bụ ihe akpọ yiri axis nke pistin pin na a ala ejikọta mkpanaka oscillation ụgbọelu. N'ihi ya, mkpumkpu kọntaktị nke pistin na cylinder, si otú accelerating eyi. Na oké njọ, a na-emegbu mmadụ na kwuru nkọwa jidere, adịru engine bụ rapaara.

Ke adianade do, pistons emetụta ike nke inertia na mgbali N'ịbụ, haruru n'ime cylinder.

mmepụta technology

Dị ka aha na-egosi, n'ihi na imewe nke nkedo pistons technology mee metal nkedo. Eji na aluminum-sịlịkọn alloy ka na-amalite ihe. Ọ na-enịm ke matriks, na-enye ihe oval udi. The akụkụ na-gbanwee maka cylinder. Uwe mee ezigbo drọm-ekara. Iji hụ na ndị na-eguzogide ka okpomọkụ jupụtara n'ime pistin termokompensiruyuschimi ígwè inserts

N'ụzọ dị iche, na nkedo, esorowo pistons emepụta site zọ technology. Tee mmiri mmiri ma ọ bụ isothermal ụzọ.

Ke akpa idaha matriks jupụtara wụrụ awụ metal na deforming ya na a na-agba na a ntụmadị. N'ihi ya njikere elu-edu preform. Ikpeazụ ya ọgwụgwọ a rụrụ mechanically.

N'ihi isothermal zọ technology iji preformed akụkụ. Ha na-kwadebere si na mkpanaka esịnede nke sịlịkọn-ọgaranya aluminum, crimped site a na-anwụ na-enye ohere iji melite Ọdịdị nke ahụ metal site n'iwepụ pores. Ọzọkwa, na matriks kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na 450 ° C na oghere na-zọọ eji a haịdrọlik pịa ọsọ usoro. Nke a technology mejupụtara n'itinye na matriks a ike nke 250 tọn, mgbe nọgide na-enwe ya okpomọkụ na a mgbe nile na-larịị. N'ihi bụ a kpọmkwem elu-edu akụkụ.

Isi parameters

N'ihi na a kwesịrị ekwesị oke nke akụkụ na ụgbọ ala n'okpuru echiche ha parameters mekọrịtara na engine e ji mara. Na-esonụ bụ isi e ji mara esorowo pistons:

1. Engine nlereanya. Ihe kacha ụzọ chọta akụkụ dabeere na engine nke ika, dị ka na-emepụta a na-emepụta dị otú ahụ na ngwaahịa n'okpuru ụfọdụ engine ụdị. Otú ọ dị, buru n'uche na nke a, ha na-e maka ngwaahịa engines. Nke ahụ bụ, ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-agbanwe ọ bụla nke engine kwa, dị ka ike gwụ cylinders, pistons na-e n'ihi na ọ ga-arụ ọrụ. Mgbe ha na-họọrọ ndị ọzọ kwa (na nke a, na mbụ, na size).
2. Size. Mgbe ahọpụta ihe dị mkpa ka correlate ha na dayameta nke cylinder mụụrụ anya nke thermal mgbasa.
3. Ogo mkpakọ. The technical afọ nke pistons gosiri kpọmkwem uru nke a index nke ha na-bu n'obi. Ọ bụrụ na ndị engine anaghị ngwaahịa, ọ ga-atụle.
4. Ibu ibu. The nke a pụtara oke, wee sị pistons. Ke ofụri ofụri, na ala ha ibu, mma.
5. Power. The technical afọ nke pistons egosi na kacha ike nke na ha na-ezu nchekwa oke. Ekwela wụnye akụkụ na engine na oké atụmatụ dị ka ngafe ibu pụrụ iduga ha ngwa ngwa eyi na mbibi.

Iche site na nkedo pistons

Standard analogue atụle akụkụ na-igba pistons. Ha na-arụ ọrụ na ọkọlọtọ engines, ma dị iche iche ihe na-adịghị adabara elu-ike ike nkeji. Firstly, ha nwere a elu ibu. Nke abụọ, alloy pistons nwere suboptimal ụdị. Nke atọ, ndị a n'akụkụ ndị gahiere agahie site na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, ọkọnọ cavities, ndị mba ọzọ inclusions, egosipụta, nke bụ-adịghị ahụ anya na-adịghị egosi na nkịtị were na ọkọlọtọ ike nkeji.

Otú ọ dị, na-amụba ike na-eduga ná amụba ibu (okpomọkụ na nsogbu) n'ihi na ọtụtụ ọcha nke ụgbọala bụ engine. N'ọnọdụ ndị dị otú e kwuru ntụpọ pụrụ iduga cracking ma ọ bụ ire-site nke pistin. Nke a nwere ike ime, n'ihi na ihe atụ, mgbe echichi nke crankshaft na a na-abụghị crank okirikiri.

uru

The nti mmetụta nke esorowo pistons na engine kwa bụ n'ụzọ bụ isi n'ihi na ha dị ala arọ. The arọ nke ụdị ihe ahụ na nkezi na-erughị 50 grams nke nkedo analọg. Ka ihe atụ, esorowo pistons VAZ enye zuru ezu ịzọpụta ibu 400-600 g Nke a na-ebelata ihe inertial agha n'ime cylinder. Dị ka a N'ihi nke a ubara ọsọ, belata n'ibu weere, ike na-abawanye. Ke adianade do, belata inertia ibu na ndị ọzọ na ihe nke crank usoro, dị ka crankshaft, ejikọta n'iwu ma bushings. Nke ahụ bụ, ya òkè na-amụba.

Ọzọkwa esorowo pistons si dị iche na nkedo ukwuu ekweghị ekwe. Nke a na ọnụ ọgụgụ bụ 120-130 PC., Ebe maka ndi nkiti na ogbo, ọ bụ 80-90 nkeji.

E wezụga data ihe na-ji nnukwu ike na iguzogide okpomọkụ. N'ihi ya, dị ka kwes ịgba ígwè kwụsie ike karịrị igba ogbo site 5-6 ugboro. Ekele a esorowo pistons idi 2500 kpo oku-obi jụrụ cycles, mgbe naanị 400 nkịtị nlereanya.

Belata thermal mgbasa ọnụọgụ iji belata thermal kwere ọdịiche n'etiti cylinder na pistin ruo 0.05-0.06 mm.

udi

Iji belata ibu esorowo pistons nwere a pụrụ iche. Na a ngwa T-profaịlụ adịghị emetụta mmanụ eruba.

Ke adianade do, na ndabere nke mkpumkpu thermal mgbasa (n'ụzọ dị ukwuu ẹbiet na axis nke pistin pin), ụfọdụ na-emepụta na-emepụta ụdị oval, perpendicular na axis nke pistin pin. N'ihi ya, n'oge kpo oku na item aghọ a okirikiri udi, dị na udi nke a cylinder. Nke a na-enye a snug dabara ha onye ọ bụla ọzọ, na-ekesa ibu evenly na-ebupụta na ịmachi ingress nke gas n'ime crankcase si combustion ụlọ.

-adịghị emezi emezi

Isi drawback nke esorowo pistin, dị ka e jiri ya tụnyere kpụrụ, tụlee elu na-eri, na ma akụkụ na nwụnye. The elu na-eri nke mmepụta mere site pistons mgbagwoju. Ke adianade do, ọ ga-enwe kpọrọ itinye ego na ha echichi. Nke a bụ n'ihi na ndị dị otú ahụ mgbagwoju anya na-arụ ọrụ kwesịrị naanị ịtụkwasị obi na ọkachamara nna ukwu, na nke a na-achọ ọ bụghị nanị na wụnye, ma hazie nkọwa.

Ke adianade do, ọ na-ahụ kweere na esorowo pistons ka ụgbọala ọzọ ụzụ tụnyere mbụ nkedo akụkụ. Otú ọ dị, nke a bụ eziokwu naanị maka kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na-elu-ụgbọ ala. Nke a na atụmatụ bụ n'ihi na iche iche na mgbasa ọnụọgụ. Na ndabere nke esorowo pistons ka ubé dịkwuo ọdịiche na cylinder mgbidi. Ya mere, engine bụ oyi na ndị dị otú nkọwa na-ọsọ. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ndị na kpo oku, mgbe pistons na-akp, na Ya mere, na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ ọdịiche na-ebelata, mkpọtụ na-agbaze.

ngwa

Ka ghọtara si n'elu, esorowo pistons eji kwadokwara ọkpụkpọ òkù engines. A n'akụkụ-emetụta ọtụtụ e ji mara powertrains. Ha na-amụba ma arụmọrụ na ntụkwasị obi.

topicality

The feasibility nke eji esorowo pistons kama nkedo kpebisiri ike isi atụmatụ ụgbọala were. N'ihi na ọnọdụ nke adị kwa ụbọchị eji ezu nke nkedo akụkụ. Esorowo analogs a ịtọ mgbe ndị engine n'iji ya gee ntị. Na ọbụna na nke a, ha were bụ bụghị mgbe niile kwesịrị ekwesị.

Otú ahụ nkọwa na-ejikarị na-agafe obere Motors. Standard akụkụ ụfọdụ egwuregwu Motors nwere zuru ezu ego ka mma na-abụghị oké ike. Ya mere, ihe ndị kasị dị otú ahụ engine akụkụ VAZ (e.g., esorowo pistons "Niwa" na esorowo pistons ka "Tupu").

A n'akụkụ na-eji ọ bụghị nanị maka ụgbọala. I nwere ike iwunye esorowo pistons on a ọgba tum tum. N'iji ya gee ntị egwuregwu ụdị ndị na-nnọọ nkịtị. Mgbe ụfọdụ, gbanwetụrụ na ndị nkịtị ọgba tum tum. Ihe atụ, ụfọdụ set esorowo pistons na "Ural".

Principles ojiji na-eri

Ọtụtụ mgbe atụle nkọwa eji mgbe wụnye turbocharger. Ọzọkwa, ọtụtụ mgbe, ha na-eme dị oké mkpa maka ichebe engine ndụ, ebe ọ bụ na-enwekwu okpomọkụ na ibu na workpiece, nke na-akpatakarị ọkụ-pistons. Esorowo TURBO-engine pistons ejikari n'ime kit na ndị ọzọ crankshaft na H ekara nkpa-n'aka ahu.

Na nke ọ bụla, echichi dị mkpa iji nye jụrụ nke uwe na ala ala n'akụkụ kọwara. Iji mee nke a, setịpụrụ maslorazbryzgivayuschie nozzles.

The price of esorowo pistons "Niva" (set), n'ihi na ihe atụ, na-amalite site 4500 rubles. N'ihi na anụ ụlọ ọgba tum tum ha na-eri obere.