"Ihe 730". Arọ tank T-10. Soviet arọ tank

World War II biri. Nwụrụ Anwụ ala ogbunigwe n'ọgbọ agha, ndị mkpọrọ laghachi n'ebe obibi ha, Germany ugwo ihe indemnity, na Soviet Union nwere ndị kasị ibu na ọtụtụ nyochawa onwem n'ala agha. Nke a kara pụtara ìhè ọ bụla agha ọkachamara na-arụpụta nke Soviet-Japanese Agha nke 1945

Na September 1945, a na nkwonkwo agha Nme na Berlin ẹkenịmde. Òtù gosiri onye ọ bụla ọzọ ike ha na mmepe. Ònye nwere kara na tankị, ọ nwere ike hụrụ na gba ọtọ anya. Dị ka e jiri ya tụnyere US M-24 "Chaffee" na British "Comet" arọ IC tank 3 ke ichekwa 53 nkeji nke 71-nke-eche ha nche arọ tank ndi agha anya a ígwè anụ, eri na-adịghị agwụ agwụ. Ma mmepe nke tankị akwụsịghị na emeghị ọbụna jiri nwayọọ.

The prerequisites maka a oru ngo "ihe 730"

Mgbe agha, BỤ-3 mmepụta gara n'ihu. Usoro ojiji nke tankị gbanwere, ugbu a, ha na-adị ndụ a ole na ole na-alụ ọgụ, ma na-eje ozi ruo ọtụtụ afọ. n'oge agha tankị abụghị adabara ndị dị otú ahụ a ọrụ. The ikpeazụ olileanya maka Ọ KWESỊRỊ-3 osụhọ mgbe, n'oge otu n'ime ule ndị ahụ n'ahụ nke tank bụ 100-mm ihe-agha-Idupu shei ke n'ihu akụkụ nke ọnu (maara nke ọma "Pike imi"). Housing bursting na seams, na igwe bụ nke iji. All nyere depụtaghachiri ha iji na-agwa okwu bụ erughị eru, na uka mmepụta nke IP-3 e kwụsịrị.

Ugbu a, na ìhè nke ahụmahụ na ịma aka ndị ọhụrụ, ndị Soviet tank na-ewu ụlọ bụ ike a ọzọ zuru okè ọgụ igwe. Na ókèala nke Union n'oge ahụ ejikwara abụọ tank factory - Leningrad Kirov na Chelyabinsk traktọ. Na Leningrad mgbe mgbochi haziri alaka nke ibuo tank Factory nọmba 100, ọ ghọrọ onyeisi nke J. Kotin. Ebe a mụrụ m na "Object-260" ma ọ bụ BỤ-7.

Ọ bụ ihe kasị mma tank nke oge ya na karịrị kwa nke ndị mba ọzọ ogbo, ma onye nwere ọtụtụ-adịghị emezi emezi. nwalee a usoro nke ndọghachi azụ keere megide tank. Site na oge nke kwa arọ igwe malitere ịjụ. Ha ike n'iru na àkwà mmiri na ụgbọ okporo ígwè n'elu ikpo okwu.

Na 1948 ọ nọ na-agbala a ọrụ - iji mepụta a ụgbọala ọhụrụ, a dịtụ ego, a pụrụ ịdabere na, na a arọ ruo 50 tọn.

The abụọ EC-5

The nọmba Soviet tankị e nwere ụfọdụ mgbagwoju anya. The "Object 730" na-eyi nọmba IC-5. Ma JS-5 kemgbe - "ihe 248", ma na usoro nke na-e hiwere ulo oru. Ke kpuchie nke oru ngo "Object 730" a chọrọ mma nke EC-4. Anyị ma na a ga-eji dochie a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mmiri na mgbakọ iji belata ibu nke igwe.

mmepe na ya malitere na 1948 na site 1950-mu ama ma e dechara. Ule kpugheere ọtụtụ-adịghị emezi emezi. N'ihi ya, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke abụọ ndụ e nyere, EC-5 - "ihe 730".

Ọrụ e-egbu oge ruo ọtụtụ afọ, na 1953 na tank e kwetara n'ihi na ozi n'okpuru a dị iche iche aha. JS-5 na tighị ke nsonso, kama ọ na-arụ ọrụ ọhụrụ engines, transmissions, na ngwá agha na na.

technical e ji mara

Welded ahu na a sloping n'elu na curved n'akụkụ efere na "Pike imi" ndị bụ "ihe 730" ikpeazụ draft. The tank nwere a nkedo turret streamlined. Dị ka abụọ egbe ogwe aka, paired na onye egbe 122-mm D-25TA abụọ onu esote Nchaji. Ọgụ ibu bụ 50 m. The igwe bụ ike ịrị a 32 ogo cross ọwa na 2.7 m. The ọkpụrụkpụ nke 700 l. a. merie mgbidi 0,8 m na gbapụrụ ọsọ ruo 43,1 km / h. The-arụ ọrụ na-emebu anọ na-nwoke turret agha nke 250 mm na-ntukwasi-obi-echebe ha. Cruising 180-200 km. Na egbe nwere 30 shells na igwe-egbe - 1000 agba.

The mbụ ule

Na April 1949, a osisi mock-elu nke tank e weere na Moscow. a ndepụta ndozi a haziri. Project kwadoro na May, na mgbe ahụ malitere na-akwadebe drawings. Nkwadebe nke akwụkwọ e dechara na na njedebe nke June. The ọrụ na-egbu oge, na-anakọta ibuo tankị maka ule ẹkedọhọde na August, o nwere oge. Ọ na-e kpebiri iji na Ọ-4 na a kpọgidere nkeji nke EC-5. "Ihe 730" n'ihi na oge fọdụrụ n'elu sidelines. Engine ike bụ nanị 700 lita. a. Ụfọdụ nkeji na-anwale ma EC-7.

Ọdịda na ndozi

September bụ ọnwa mmepụta ule. IC-5 ga-abụ ndị 2,000 km, ma ihe ndị yiri gaps na nnyefe. Ọ na-e kpebiri iji na-etinye a mbanye 8-ọsọ mbara gearbox. Institute 100 aku na mmepe nke teknuzu akwụkwọ, na LB nyere atọ prototypes. Ule gosiri na uru nke ọhụrụ unit.

Tinyere ihe ndị ọzọ, na-tank e onwem na ejection jụrụ usoro ma wụnye a ọhụrụ atụmatụ ngwá ọrụ. Ọzọ atọ nkeji ngwá maka ule e wepụtara na March 1953 mgbe anwale otu n'ime ha na landfill Rzhevskaya malitere mgbe ala ule.

Ugbu a, n'agbanyeghị mgbagwoju anya nke ụzọ, 200 km e dechara. Abụọ tankị bu ruo 200 km kwa ụbọchị, na a atọ karịa 280. Mgbe a izu na ọkara Commission agbala a ọgwụgwụ banyere n'ụzọ gara nke ọma na-ekpe ikpe. "Ihe 730" igbo kwuru chọrọ na karịa mba ọzọ ogbo. N'agbanyeghị niile ndozi na alterations, ọ na-ekpe ka ike modernization.

Mbelata na a T-10

N'oge okpomọkụ nke 1950 10 ibuo tank ụdị e kere. Ha na-anwale dị iche iche na saịtị. Ọ bụghị ihe niile a mma, ma ka igwe complies. A ọhụrụ ndepụta e haziri nke ọma, na-ufụn ke nsonso e yigharịrị ọzọ. The mbụ draft e doro ihe e isi mgbanwe, na ugboro ugboro agbanweela aha ya ka IC 8, IC-9 na BỤ-10.

Dị ka ihe atụ, a pụrụ iche usoro e nyere a projectile ramming. N'ihi na nke a threaded 122mm D-25TA ngwá agha projectile atara site 3-4 / min. Usoro nduzi egbe, coaxial egbe e-achịkwa na a otu actuator TAEN-1. The igbe e mere nke 8-ọsọ, na dị ka a ike osisi eji na B-12-5 700 l. a. Sochie biiri si EC-4, nyere na ala mgbali nke 0,77 kg / m.

Final ule nke igwe e dechara na December 1952. Na March 1953, e nwere a mwute oge maka ihe omume - ọnwụ nke I. V. Stalina. Ma afo ICS e kuchiri na nsọpụrụ nke ya - "Iosif Stalin." Na na iji nke Minista Defense na Nwa nke tank na usoro nke ụgbọ ala a na-akpọ T-10.

Production Starts ngwa ngwa, 10 nkeji, ndị na-esonụ e wepụtara na n'otu afọ - 50, na a afọ - 90.

mgbanwe

N'elu na-eru n'elu nke onye ị na-nwere ime na-esonụ, otú ahụ ka ndị na-emepụta. Na Leningrad imewe Bureau usoro bụ abụọ ụgbọelu stabilization ogwe e kere. Ọ bụrụ na mbụ ahụ ụgwọ atụrụ site vetikal mmegharị, ugbu a na kwụ. E na arụnyere ọhụrụ n'anya T-2C. Ulo oru na 1956, na 1957 bipụtara T-10b.

A afọ mgbe e mesịrị, a ọhụrụ mgbanwe. Na uka mmepụta ya dochie a T-10m. Na nke a tank e hụrụ ndị ọzọ dị ike na ngwá agha M-62T2S (2A17). Ihe-agha-ịkpọpu projectiles iru ọsọ nke 950 m / s na 225 mm agha eduat na 1000 m. Ekechila ọnụ breeki miri dọrọ ụdị amịkọrọ ọtụtụ ndị anaghị achọ, na-ebelata oge na-esonụ.

All oru ndozi mere ya ndị kasị mma tank nke oge ya, nke fọrọ nke nta afọ iri anọ, "ihe 730" bụ na ọrụ na gbanwetụrụ dabere na chọrọ. Ọ bụ oke Russian tank, na ikekwe ụwa. N'ihi na mbupụ bụ kere, nanị agha agha, nke e gara site - mbuso agha nke mba nke Warsaw mmeko na Czechoslovakia.

Ikpeazụ arọ tank nke Soviet Union

Ya mere, na fifties, e kuchiri site ikpeazụ Soviet arọ tank, mgbe e nwere dị iche iche mgbanwe. Ọ bụ ihe kasị mma kere eke nke ndị agha ụlọ ọrụ, ka webatara niile oru nmepe nke oge ya. Anyị na-ewepụ ya site na ọrụ mgbe ida nke USSR, na 1993