Karelian Front na Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya

The Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya-atụle ga-kasị wụfuo ọbara maka Soviet ndị mmadụ. Ọ were na atụmatụ ụfọdụ e mere, banyere 40 nde. Lives. The esemokwu triggered site na mberede mbuso agha nke ndị agha nke Wehrmacht na Soviet Union June 22, 1941.

Prerequisites na nguzobe nke Karelian Front

Adolf Hitler na-enweghị aka ná ntị nye iwu ka a na-etinye a oke igbu dum n'ihu akara. USSR, adịghị njikere maka agbachitere, otu onye meriri mgbe ọzọ ke akpa afọ nke agha. 1941st bụ maka Red Army ndị kasị sie ike afọ, na Wehrmacht ike rute n'ebe Moscow.

Isi agha ndị a lụrụ na Stalingrad, Moscow, Leningrad na n'ebe ndị ọzọ. Otú ọ dị, ndị Nazi gbalịrị iji merie ndị ọzọ edere edere mpaghara. Iji zere nke a, na Northern Front e kere, nke akara Karelian Front.

History nke e kere eke

N'oge Akwa Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya na Karelian Front e mere iji gbochie iro banye n'ime Arctic. Alụ ọgụ ike e guzobere August 23, 1941. Ọ dabeere na onye agha nkeji banyere ugwu n'ihu. Idé nke ike ruru 7 nke na 14 nke Army. N'oge nke njikọ abụọ agha agha n'ihi na ezi a anya n'ihu akara, si Barents Oké Osimiri Lake Ladoga. O mesịrị akpọ "Road of Life". Front n'isi ụlọ ọrụ dị na Belomorsk na e odude ke Karelian-Finnish Soviet Republic.

Karelian Front n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ nyere nkwado na Northern Fleet. The isi ọrụ, nke nwere ịnagide alụso - bụ iji hụ ugwu ka iyi tojubigara ókè nke usoro agbachitere USSR na North.

7th Army hapụ Karelian Front na 1941. Na September 1942, esonyere atọ ọzọ agha, na na na njedebe nke otu afọ - na akụkụ nke 7th Air Force. 7th agha bụ azụ ke n'ihu naanị na 1944.

n'ihu isi

The mbụ ọchịagha nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ na-Karelian Front bụ Major General nke Red Army V. A. Frolov, onye nyere iwu ka Soviet agha a direction ruo February 1944. Si February na November 1944 Front edu Marshal nke Soviet Union K. A. Meretskov.

hostilities

Ugbua na August 1941, mgbe a ọnwa na ọkara mgbe mmalite nke agha, onye-iro ruru Karelian Front. Na-arọ weere nke Red Army agha na-enwe ike ịkwụsị tupu nke Wehrmacht, ma kwaga na iji chebe onwe. The iro chọrọ iweghara Polar region, na agha nke Karelian Front gara ọrụ nke ịgbachitere region si "North" Army Group.

Ọrụ nke Arctic agbachitere kere si 1941 na 1944 - mee ka ha merie akụkụ nke Wehrmacht na Soviet Union. Na 1941, Arctic Defense nwekwara gara Air Force nke Great Britain, ndị nyere mkpa support n'ala agha na nsoro nke Red Army. Nyere UK kwesịrị ekwesị, n'ihi na ndị Germany na ike na ikuku.

The agha nke Karelian Front wee na-ahụ na-azara ọnụ na ndị na-esonụ e: osimiri Zapadnaya Litsa - Ukhta - Povenets - Lake Onega - osimiri Svir. On July 4, onye iro bụ ike na-eje ije ruo n'osimiri Zapadnaya Litsa, n'ihi na nke malitere kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ. Ọbara iji chebe onwe omume mere ka igbochi mmalite nke onye iro agha nke 52nd bipu Division nke Karelian Front. Ọ nyere ọkpụrụkpụ support na Marines.

The agha nke Karelian Front abuana ke Murmansk nzere ọrụ. Ha jisiri kwụsị tupu nke a. Mgbe ahụ, German iwu kpebiri na ọ ga-aba na-agbali iji na-obodo nke Murmansk 1941.

N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke na-esote afọ, ndị Nazi chọrọ na-azụ na mbụ unachieved ná mba ọzọ - Murmansk. The Red Army, n'aka, atụmatụ na-eduzi ihe rụrụ ọrụ iji dobe ndị agha nke Wehrmacht maka akara ókè-ala nke USSR. Murmansk iwe e rụrụ tupu ndị Germany zubere na-amalite ya agha. Ihe ịga nke ọma na ọ me, ma ekweghị ka fascists ka idokwa ya iwe. Ebe ọ bụ na Murmansk ọrụ a n'ihu òkè nke Nọsi'ike ruo 1944 afọ.

Medvezhegorsk ọrụ

January 3 Karelian n'ihu agha ulo oru ọzọ ọrụ - Medvezhegorsk, nke kere ruo 10 January nke otu ke 1942. The Soviet agha na saịtị budata ala karịa ndị iro nọmba na ngwá, na ọzụzụ nke pesonel-agha. The iro nwere nnọọ ahụmahụ na omume nke agha na a n'ọhịa ebe.

On n'ụtụtụ nke January 3, Uhie Agha malitere imegide na obere ogbunigwe ekwu ọtụtụ. Part nke Finnish Army ngwa ngwa zara ndị agha wee malite a nkọ ma na-atụghị anya maka Soviet agha counterattack. Karelian Front Command okpu juputara kwadebe atụmatụ nke agha. Agha mere ụkpụrụ, egbu na otu na otu direction, n'ihi ihe onye iro na ike nke ọma ịrụ ụka ha. A ihe ịga nke ọma agbachitere Finnish agha emewo ka nnukwu losses site Red Army.

Kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na-enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma, nọgidere ruo mgbe 10 January. Soviet agha ka na-esi na-enwe ọganihu na 5 km na ndị ọzọ ka mma ha ọnọdụ. Site January 10 onye-iro natara reinforcements na kwụsịrị ndị agha. Finnish agha kpebiri ịlaghachi mbụ ha ọnọdụ, ma-agha nke Karelian n'ihu ndị ike ichughachiazu ha agha. N'oge na-arụ ọrụ, ndị Soviet agha ka jisiri onwe obodo Velikaya Guba.

Svir-operation Petrozavodskaya

Summer nke 1944, na-alụ ọgụ ọzọ Noa na mgbe a lull kemgbe 1943. Soviet agha, nke fọrọ nke nta ka dochie Wehrmacht agha si na ókèala ndị USSR, na Svir-Petrozavodsk ọrụ e rụrụ. Ọ malitere June 21, 1944 na kere ruo 9 August nke otu afọ. June 21 agha ahụ kpatara si a oke ogbunigwe nkwadebe na ndị dị ike ikuku iku na onye iro nzere ọnọdụ. Mgbe mmalite nke n'imeri Svir River, na na N'ezie nke na-alụ ọgụ ndị agha Soviet jisiri ẹkemụm a bridgehead na n'akụkụ nke ọzọ. N'ụbọchị mbụ nke a wakporo nke ọma - na Karelian Front agha merela agadi site 6 kilomita. The ụbọchị nke abụọ nke na-alụ ọgụ nwere ọbụna ihe ka ukwuu ịga nke ọma - nkeji nke Red Army jisiri ike na onye-iro ọzọ 12 kilomita.

June 23 iwe emewo 7th Army. Wakporo ọma mepụtara, na Finnish agha malitere a ọkụ ọkụ ichighaazu na-esote ụbọchị kemgbe mmalite nke ọrụ. The Finnish n'akụkụ ike na-agha na ihe ọ bụla nke ndị asakde iso ese na-amanye ịdọrọ na Vidlitsa osimiri, bụ ebe wee chebe onwe ọnọdụ.

Ke ukem, na-emepe emepe na-akpasu iwe 32nd Army, nke jisiri weghara obodo Medvezhegorsk, nke na-emeghị nweta ke 1942. June 28, na Red Army ulo oru ihe rụrụ na ihe ndị kasị mkpa usoro obodo - Petrozavodsk. Yana naval agha nke Red Army ike ịtọhapụ ndị obodo na-esote ụbọchị. Abụọ na nke a agha ahụhụ ịrịba losses. Otú ọ dị, Finnish Army enweghị ọhụrụ agha, na ha na-amanye ahapụ obodo.

On July 2, ndị Karelian Front malitere ọgụ iro ọnọdụ na Vidlitsa osimiri. Ọbụna tupu July 6, a dị ike na-agbachitere ndị Nazi kpamkpam agbajikwa, na Soviet Army jisiri ọganihu a n'ihu 35 km. Kpụ ọkụ alụ ọgụ ruo 9 August, ma ha agaghị eme ka ihe ịga nke ọma - onye iro nọ a uko agbachitere, nye iwu ka a na nzọ na iji chebe onwe ama weghaara ọnọdụ.

ọrụ ya pụta bụ na-emeri ndị iro nkeji na ẹkenịmde na Lithuanian SSR, na ntọhapụ nke mba. Ihe omume ndị a emewo ka eziokwu na Finland natara ihe ọzọ mere maka ndọrọ ego si agha.

Petsamo-Kirkenes iwe

7 October 1 November 1944, ndị Red Army, na nkwado nke nsoro ẹkenịmde na njedebe nke a nke ọma Petsamo-Kirkenes ọrụ. On October 7, a dị ike na ogbunigwe nkwadebe, mgbe nke ahụ na-akpasu iwe malitere e duziri. Na N'ezie nke a ịga nke ọma agha na-agbaji iro ihe nchebe Pestamo obodo kpamkpam gbara ya gburugburu.

Mgbe ihe ịga nke ọma e Pestamo e n'obodo ndị Nikel na Tarnet, na na ikpeazụ ogbo - na Norwegian obodo nke Kirkenes. Na ya kpọọ nke Soviet agha ahụhụ arọ losses. Na agha obodo a ịrịba support na Soviet agha nwere Norwegian Patriots.

The results nke arụmọrụ

Dị ka a n'ihi nke n'elu ọrụ aha e weghachiri ókè na Norway na Finland. Onye iro, e kpamkpam superseded, na ama-alụ ọgụ onye iro ókèala. November 15, 1944 Finland kwuru ya kwenye na ije si Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. Ịgbaso ihe ndị a, na-Karelian Front e disbanded. The isi agha ya mgbe ghọrọ akụkụ nke 1st Far Eastern Front, na onye n'ubu e tasked na-eduzi Manchurian iwe na 1945 merie ndị agha Japan na Chinese n'ógbè otu aha.

kama ihe akụkụ ikpeazụ

-Akpali mmasị, na na na saịtị nke Karelian Front (1941 -. 1945) onye fasizim agha ike merie Soviet ókè - Nazi na-arụ ọrụ na-agbaji agbachitere Murmansk. Ọzọkwa na a oru eji nkịta ìgwè, na onwe ha alụso agha na aka ike n'ebe ugwu na ihu igwe. N'oge Akwa Ịhụ Mba n'Anya Karelian Front bụ ndị kasị ibu ókè, n'ihi ya ngụkọta ogologo esịmde 1600 kilomita. Ọ nwekwara a siri ike akara.

Karelian Front bụ nanị otu n'ime ndị asakde iso ese nke Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya, nke eziteghi na azụ nke mba maka idozi na ngwá agha na ngwá agha. Nke a mmezi e debere na a pụrụ iche akụkụ na ụlọ ọrụ nke Karelia na Murmansk mpaghara.