Na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid. Ụzọ nke nkwadebe. ngwa

Na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid e n'ọtụtụ ebe dị iche iche na n'ubi mmadụ na-eme. Modern chemical ụlọ ọrụ na-agụnye ya na ndepụta nke isi mmepụta, larịị nke ya ntọhapụ bụ na-apụtachaghị ìhè na-egosi nke nwere nke chemical mmepụta nke a na mba. Kwa afọ ụwa na-arụpụta banyere 160 nde tọn nke umi.

Dị ka ha na physico-chemical Njirimara, na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid bụ a dicarboxylic acid, a compound nke sọlfọ esịmde kasị elu ọxịdashọn ala (6). N'okpuru nkịtị ọnọdụ, lekwasị na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid ọnọdụ na-anọchi anya a arọ mmanu mmanu mmiri mmiri na-adịghị agba, ma ọ bụ ịnụ ísì. Na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid na-eji na ngwọta. Dị ka ihe mgbaze nwere ike ji mee ka ndị nkịtị mmiri, na sọlfọ trioxide. Ọ na-atụle ga otu okenye ihe ngwọta, ọ bụrụ na ndị ruru nke ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ụmụ irighiri nke sọlfọ trioxide ka ego nke mmiri bụ ihe na-erughị n'otu. N'elu nke a index okwu e ji mee - sọlfọ trioxide ngwọta na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid ma ọ bụ oleum.

Na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid mmepụta-enye a bara uru ngwaahịa e kere eke usoro ịnweta fatịlaịza, ọ na-eji dị ka ihe electrolyte na a ụzọ-acid, batrị, na acid bụ isi akụrụngwa na nkwadebe dị iche iche ịnweta salts na asịd. Chemical emep uta eri, e ji esiji ákwà, anwụrụ ọkụ-na-amụba na -agbawa agbawa na ya n'ichepụta technology bụ na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid. Enweghị ọ gaghị ekwe omume ka ewere mmanụ, metal, akwa, na akpụkpọ anụ na ihe ndị ọzọ ọrụ.

Ọbụna nri ụlọ ọrụ si bụrụ na ojiji nke umi - inweta a nri mmako E513 (emulsifier). Industrial Organic njikọ, akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ (usoro maka inweta esters, diethyl ether), hydration (mmepụta nke ethanol si ethylene) sulfonation (mmepụta nke detergents na intermediates maka nkwadebe nke e ji esiji ákwà), alkylation (njikọ isooctane, caprolactam, polyethylene glycol), mgbake resins nzacha maka distilled mmiri mmepụta edoghi - onye ọ bụla nke ndị a Filiks bụ na-enweghị ojiji nke na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid.

Production nke na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid na-enye ndị kasị mkpa n'ji nke umi - njikọ nri. Ka ihe atụ, na-emepụta a ton nke phosphate fatịlaịza dị mkpa na-eji abụọ ruo atọ na ọkara ise na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid. N'ihi nke a, na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid ụlọ ọrụ nyere mmepụta nke na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid, na Nchikota na ụlọ ụlọ mmepụta ihe na-amị nri.

abụọ nhazi ụzọ na-eji na mmepụta nke na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid. Na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid mmepụta bụ isi kọntaktị usoro na bụ iri itoolu percent, nitrous (Tower) usoro nwere obere njupụta. N'agbanyeghị adịghị ike na onye ọ bụla ekpemekpe nile, na mmepụta nke na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid si nitrous pyrites obibi site na ihe mara mma na-eri arụmọrụ, ịdị ọcha, na akwa ịta nke okokụre ngwaahịa na tinyekwa.

Ịmụta na kọntaktị na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid osisi njikọ usoro, na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid mmepụta-enye ohere na-ekewa atọ. Ke akpa ogbo, amịkpọ pyrite, n'ihi na nzube mmiri oven na-akpọ "fluidized bed". Agba nke abụọ na-agụnye ọxịdashọn nke sọlfọ dioxide na sọlfọ oxide (VI), ma na nke atọ ogbo bụ nkwadebe nke oleum, nke a na-atụpụ na tankị na zigara ahịa.

na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid mmepụta nitrous usoro ahụghị obosara eji n'ihi na nke ezughi oke ọcha mmepụta ngwaahịa, si otú na ịmachi na ya iji.

N'agbanyeghị nke usoro na ụzọ maka nkwadebe, na mmepụta nke na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid na-achọ na-emepụta na-akwụ ubara anya gburugburu ebe obibi nchebe.