N'agha nke mbụ nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ: nsonaazụ

Otu n'ime ihe ndị a kasị wụfuo ọbara na kasị bụ First World War. Ọ na-amalite n'ihe 28 July 1914 na 11 November 1918. N'agha nke mbụ nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ bụ oge mba na-anọpụ iche, na-etinye aka na see okwu. Na a ogu e aka iri atọ na asatọ mba, na abụọ n'akụkụ na-anọchite anya na-ebute ọdịmma nke isi coalitions: na Entente na Quadruple Alliance. The mbụ ngọngọ gụnyere mba ndị dị ka France, Russia, England na ndị ọzọ. The abụọ n'akụkụ nke ndị agha ndị Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria, Germany.

ngọpụ

N'agha nke mbụ nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ e mere site iwe: gburu Franz Ferdinand, onye nketa ka ocheeze Austria ọnụ na nwunye ya. Nke a mere ka a esemokwu n'etiti otụk obodo na Serbia. Austria were n'akụkụ Germany, na-ekwu okwu ya. N'agha nke mbụ nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ na-dere na July 28. N'oge ahụ, August 1, Germany eruwo Russia n'ime agha, na ụbọchị abụọ gasịrị kwuru agha na ya jikọrọ aka - France.

Mere Mbụ Agha Ụwa?

N'agha nke mbụ nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ na 1914 ama ada itie ke French ókèala. Mgbe e mesịrị, a kpọrọ ya "agbụrụ na oké osimiri." Onye ọ bụla na-emegide ndị ọzọ ka a chọrọ iji tụọ ya gburugburu na onye iro agha na kpaliri gafee n'ihu akara ahụ n'ụsọ oké osimiri. N'ihi ya, France bụ ike idowe na-achị ha n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri n'obodo. Ebumnuche ngwa ngwa weghara iwu France Germany miscalculated. The agha nke First World na Western Front ngwa ngwa were a ọnọdụ na ọdịdị, dị ka ndị agha ngwa ngwa, ike agwụ na abụọ.

Ihe ịga nke ọma na-akpasu iwe Russia

August 17 isi N'ezie nke agha a kpọfere Eastern Front. Russian agha oru ihe rụrụ na ntụziaka nke East Prussia. Mgba nke World on a n'ihu ndị ibido ọma. Isi ọrụ na-egwuri site a mmeri agha Galicia, nke biri Aug. 18. The Company were a na ozi ọma na-echeghị na ịnụ ọkụ n'obi. Mgbe nke a meriri Austria ruo mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke 1914 gbalịrị ka ọ ghara inwe ndị dị oké njọ esemokwu na Russia.

New allies na-emegide

N'otu afọ megide Germany banyere agha megide Japan. Ọ malitere na-atụgharị mkpọsa na agwaetiti chịrị nke Germany. Ọ bụ ebe a na oké osimiri agha. World gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1914 ọma mgbalị na abụọ nke ndị agha na-aga nke ọma na ebumnobi ha. Russia mgbalị iru oké osimiri njikọ na kemmekorita mba nwekwara kụrụ afọ n'ala. Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman, ha na n'akụkụ nke Germany, meghere Kọkeshịan Front nke Black Sea, si otú na-agbasa na mmiri mmekọahụ nke Russia.

Isi agha nke First World e mepụtara na 1915. Site na oge malitere nke abụọ mkpọsa. Kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ wee ebe na Western Front. Chọsiri, Germany na France were ọma mgbalị ịgbanwe n'ezie ihe omume na-agaziri ha. Otú ọ dị, ihe a nile na-ada chọrọ pụta.

N'eziokwu, n'ihu akara site na njedebe nke 1915 agbanwebeghị. Ma French spring iwe na Artois, ma ọ bụ azụmahịa rụrụ na Champagne ọdịda ahụ emetụtaghị ọnọdụ.

Ndakpọ nke ọnọdụ na Russia

Dị ka Russian n'ihu akara ọnọdụ njọ ma gbanwee bụghị ka mma. Winter na-akpasu iwe na-emezughị kụrụ afọ n'ala. N'ụzọ bụ isi, nke a bụ n'ihi na ndị ogbenye na njikere nke Russian agha. N'aka nke ya, ndị Germany na kpaliri ke ndaeyo counteroffensive. Dị ka a N'ihi ya, ha na-enwe ike iji merie si Russia na Galicia, Poland. Ọ na-kweere na e meriri ndị agha Russia na ndị a agha e mere site nsogbu na ọkọnọ.

Ọnọdụ e Nọsi'ike naanị site mgbụsị akwụkwọ. Otú ọ dị, ebe nke Russian na French agha bụ prekondishion maka mmalite nke miri dọrọ n'agha.

Na 1915, na-ezisa agha na Austria-Hungary na esemokwu abatakwa Italy. Na n'otu oge ahụ na-Entente n'ọnu agha na Bulgaria. All a na-eduga ná a sikwuoro nke Serbian ọnọdụ.

agha Verdun

1916 ji a oge mgbe e bụ isi nke ndi-agha First World War. Photos of ndị a agha ka na-echekwawo na ndị bụ isi na ngosi ihe mgbe ochie. Verdun n'agha na ekwu ihe karịrị otu puku mmadụ ndụ. Ọ malitere na mgbalị ebelata n'iguzogide Germany na France. Near Verdun protrusion ọ na-ewekarị isi German agha. E mere nke a na-enwe olileanya nke na-agbasa-agbachitere nke France na England. N'oge a agha mbụ iji a flamethrower - a ọhụrụ ngwá agha n'oge ahụ. N'oge mwakpo nke ndị agha Germany na France, Russia nyere ulo oru ihe rụrụ ọrụ, nke ẹkenịmde ke Western Front. Ọ dịghị ihe fọdụrụ n'ime German agha dị ka isi agha redeploy ebe iwe nke Russian agha. Nke a ukwuu belatara ọnọdụ nke France na England na agha. N'oge a, ifịk ifịk nkukota n'etiti isi ike e duziri ma na ala na oké osimiri. Agha nke Jutland bụ ndị kasị ibu na-emegide na mmiri.

1917 na 1918 akara mmeri nke Entente. Otú ọ dị, site na oge niile so mba nke ndị agha na-ata ahụhụ site na a ịrịba idem emem nke aku na uba, nakwa dị ka na-amụba esịtidem esemokwu. Na nke a, ndị ọrụ agha nke mba na-ebelata. O sina dị, ndị agha Germany na-hapụrụ ha mgbalị iti England na emeghari okpuru mmiri nsoro. O doro anya na ndị Entente na-aga iji merie, n'ihi ya, e jikọtara site United States of America. Russia bụ na oge emume esịtidem na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nsogbu. N'ókè nke na filament ibu ihe nke October, mgbe nke ọ na-aga nke agha. Nke a kpaliri Germany iji kpochapụ Eastern Front na ikwubi a udo nkwekorita na mba ndị dị ka Ukraine, Russia, Romania. Brest udo nkwekorita eburu arụmọrụ maka oké Russian ọnọdụ, o sina dị, ọ nọ na-aka site na abụọ ọzọ. Mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị, jisiri chupu nkwekọrịta.

The capitulation nke ocho okwu

Germany wee na-akpasu iwe. N'oge na-adịghị na ọ bụ ike ogide mba ndị dị ka Poland, Belarus. Ọ na-weghaara Baltic States. Mgbe a na usoro nke mmeri, na Germany kpebiri redeploy ya agha na ntụziaka nke Western Front. Otú ọ dị, Entente mmekorita unit nwere a doro anya technical elu, na njikọ na nke German agha e meriri. Site na njedebe nke 1918 , Germany aka onkondishional chịlie aka elu.

Mgbe agha, aku na uba nke na-ekere òkè mba ndị na a egwu ọnọdụ. Belata ọrụ ọnụego nke aku na uba, a ojuju na ibi ndụ. Nanị ndị na-egwuri n'aka ndị agha, ndị agha corporations na monopolies.

N'ihi na Russia, agha aghọwo mkpali na nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ngwa mmepe nke mgbanwe na ntoputa nke a agha obodo.