Nchegbu echocardiography: ụkpụrụ maka

Modern ụzọ nke Ịchọpụta Otú Nsogbu ọrịa obi ruru na-enwetụbeghị ụdị arụmọrụ. Ke adianade ọkọlọtọ ECG, e nwere a ndepụta ụzọ chọpụta abnormalities. Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị dị irè n'oge a ụzọ na ihu ọma nke nchegbu echocardiography na mmega ahụ. Nke a na-egosi na nchoputa? Gịnị bụ prerequisites adị n'ihi usoro? Gịnị bụ iji nchegbu echocardiography? Anyị ga-agbalị ịza ndị a na ajụjụ ndị ọzọ.

Gịnị bụ nchegbu echocardiography?

Nchegbu ECG - Modern research usoro ischemic ọrịa nke e ji na-arụ maka ihe e kere eke nke ibu na ọrịa na-ahụ, nke na-eduga onye na-abawanye na ugboro nke obi muscle contractions.

Obodo disturbances nke contractility nke onye ngalaba nke anụ ahụ bụ kpọmkwem ihe ịrịba ama nke daa ọrịa. N'ọnọdụ ka ukwuu, idozi nke kacha nta ndiiche nke obi muscle n'oge kwesịrị ECG na ọzọ bụ nanị agaghị ekwe omume. Kama nke ahụ, nchegbu echocardiography-enye gị ohere n'ụzọ ziri ezi chọpụta na ọnụnọ nke ischemic pathologies ná mmalite nkebi nke development.

A nkenke akụkọ ihe mere eme

Principles of achọpụta ọrịa usoro e kwuru okwu ya na ọgwụ ndị e ji amụ site American na-eme nnyocha nke ischemic ọrịa obi na ọrịa R. ibu na L. Vann na 1979. A afọ ole na ole mgbe e mesịrị nke mbụ bụ na ihe ndị mere nchegbu echocardiography na a kwụ okirikiri ergometer e rụrụ. Na ndị na-esonụ ngalaba-ede akwụkwọ nkà mmụta sayensị treatises Erbel L. na C. Berthet, sonyeere ngo, chọrọ iji dochie emega ahụ na ojiji nke pharmacological ụzọ electrostimulating mmetụta na obi usoro nke ọrịa na N'ezie nke nnyocha.

Na anụ ụlọ na-eme, mma nke na-achọpụta ọrịa usoro na-ewe Alekhin. "Nchegbu echocardiography" (PDF format) bụ ugbu a na ina management. Na n'elu na nkà mmụta sayensị na-arụ ọrụ nke a na-eme nchọpụta na-egosi dum ahụmahụ nke nchọpụta nsogbu, akwakọba ihe ọtụtụ afọ. N'ebe a, ọkachamara ike igosi ihe akaebe isi, nke na-egosi uru nke usoro iji na-amụ gbasara obi ischemia, ọrịa ndị ọzọ nke obi usoro.

achọpụta ọrịa ụkpụrụ

Nchegbu echocardiography dabeere na premise na guzobe nke myocardium na gbasara obi ischemia njọ ekpe ventricular contractility ike na akwara akwara. A mkpa iji mmepe nke daa ọrịa bụ imebi nke venous ọbara.

Nchegbu echocardiography enye ohere ịdenye onye mmeghachi omume zones na ekpe ventricular myocardium mesikwuru, na mberede ibu na-egosi na ọrịa ahụ. Wezụga obi usoro na steeti mgbe anya nke nnyocha rụrụ ke ukem Onyonyo arụmọrụ nke obi muscle n'ụdị ndịna, nke na-eme ka usoro ụzọ dị irè na-eduzi a mbara nchoputa.

Survey Nkwadebe

Na nkwadebe maka nchoputa nke a ọrịa kara n'ikuku na-emepụta ọgwụ preparations nwere nitrates, nke na-enye ohere iji nwayọọ na-na obi ọnụego, belata ọbara mgbali. N'ihi ya nchebe bụ obi muscle site na-amụba ifịk adrenaline nrụgide ibu, nke nwere ike ime ka arịa ọrịa nke izugbe ọnọdụ nke onye ọrịa.

N'ụbọchị ọmụmụ ọrịa na-ekwe na-eji nitroglycerin na nke cropped puru rịaworo. Otú ọ dị, mbanye n'aka nwere a umi na a ọrịa ga-gbochie n'ọdịnihu cardiologist.

Ikwu maka nchegbu echocardiography gụnyere ọdịda nke nri maka banyere 6 awa tupu nchoputa. Tupu research nabatara a mmachi ọmụmụ oriri. Otu ụbọchị tupu nchoputa nke ọrịa dị mkpa inye elu caffeine n'ihi na nke tonic utịp ke idem pụrụ imetụta izi ezi nke na-arụpụta. Ozugbo tupu usoro a machibidoro iwu na-aṅụ sịga.

Egosi ka e si nchọpụta nsogbu

Mgbe ụfọdụ, a nchoputa nke ụdị? Nchegbu echocardiography na e kenyere ya ọrịa:

• Ọ bụrụ na ị na-enyo na mmepe nke myocardial ischemia;
• mkpa iji chọpụta ihe ndị ala nke akwara akwara;
• amụ ọganihu nke myocardial anụ ahụ;
• na-ata ahụhụ a gbasara obi, adịghị ala ala iche-iche nke ịrịa ọrịa obi ;
• mkpa iji na-ịwa ahụ aka ka wasịrị, stenting, angioplasty nke akwara akwara;
• mkpa na-amata na ihe ọgwụ na iji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme;
• akpụ prognosis nke gbasara obi ọrịa;
• adabere na likelihood nke nsogbu mgbe omume nke ọrịa obi;
• nkwadebe maka mgbagwoju arụmọrụ na obi, akpa ume, aorta;
• mkpa ka a mata congenital abnormalities nke obi valves;
• ule iji na-adabere na ọrịa ike na-arụ ọrụ.

contraindications

Site nsogbu ahụ, ọnụnọ nke na-apụghị na-emesi echocardiography na Vladimir, na obodo ndị ọzọ, bụ mmepe nke myocardial infarction na nnukwu ogbo. Na-adịghị ekwe ka na-amụ na ọrịa na aortic aneurysm, oké ọbara stenosis, congestive obi ọdịda, congenital obi ntụpọ. N'ihi ihe ize ndụ nke karịrị akarị n'ụlọikpe nke valves nke obi muscle egbochi mkpụkọ nke ọbara, nchegbu echocardiography na mmega ahụ na-contraindicated na ọrịa na-ata ahụhụ site thrombophlebitis na oké ụdị. Ihe mere maka odida nke usoro na-eje ozi idiosyncrasy mmiri nke pharmacological mmadụ na compulsorily ẹkenam n'ime ahu na nkwadebe maka ọmụmụ ihe ahụ.

ikwu contraindications

Mgbe nchegbu ule nke mberede nwere ike ịbụ na isiokwu:

• ụmụ nwaanyị dị ime;
• ndị mmadụ na obere ọrịa uche;
• Ọrịa ndị na-ata ahụhụ site na ibu oké ibu;
• mmadụ na ele mmadụ anya n'ihu pancreatic ọrụ aghara;
• Ọrịa mamịrị, ndị hụrụ decompensation isi ngosipụta nke ọrịa.

The mkpebi kụziere nchoputa na ndị a na edemede nke ọrịa na-enweta a dọkịta.

loading ule

Nchegbu echocardiography (N. Novgorod ma ọ bụ obodo ọzọ - n'agbanyeghị ebe ọ na-rụrụ) nwere ike na-arụ n'ụwa na ihe dị iche iche na loading ule. Ọdịdị nke ule kpebisiri ike site aga-eme na ebumnobi na-adakarị ọnọdụ. Ka ihe atụ, chọpụta ihe na-ndidi nke onye ọrịa na elu ibu, nakwa dị ka enyo enyo, puru development infarct ekwu malitere ike n'omume. Na nke a, na-amụ ihe a rụrụ iji mmadụ ịnọ otu ebe ma ọ bụ ịnyịnya ígwè ergometer.

More gānagide agadi ọrịa eme ibu na mmadụ ịnọ otu ebe. Karịsịa, a obibia-adịghị akpa àgwà na-achọpụta ọrịa akpalite radicular mgbu nke ahụ nwere ike ịzụlite mgbe iji ergometer na nke onye ọrịa nwere na-anọdụ ala na-ata na ọnọdụ. Isi mwepu nke a igwe ịgba ọsọ na-eje ozi ọ dịghị ekwe omume nke na-amụba grafụ na-arụpụta nke ọmụmụ na n'oge ule. Lekọtara, nke na-egosi mkpa nke agwụcha nchekasị ule bụ n'elu nkịtị obi ọnụego.

pharmacological ule

Banyere 40% nke ọrịa na-mkpa nchegbu echocardiography na Yekaterinburg na obodo ndị ọzọ na-enweghị ike ọma nyefee ụba nkịtị ibu. Ndị dị otú ahụ ọrịa kenyere pharmacological ule egbu.

Ọ bụ ugbu a n'ọtụtụ ebe na nchegbu echocardiography "dobutamine". Adọ a umi na-eme ka o kwe omume na simulate ọnọdụ ndị na-eme n'oge omumu. The ojiji nke si ngwọta pụrụ ịmụba ọbara mgbali, dịkwuo contractility nke obi muscle. Uto nke anụ ahụ oxygen chọrọ mgbe eji ọgwụ na-akpata mgbaàmà ndị a na a ọma ndabere maka ihe ịrịba ama nke myocardial ischemia.

Nhọrọ, "dobutamine" na-eji "Dipyridamole". The ule dabeere na gradual abawanye na dose of umi ke idem. Mgbe ọ bụla nzọụkwụ anyị ichoputa ọnụnọ nke gbasara obi contractility. Ọ bụrụ na ndinọ mkpa iwu "Dipyridamole" egosi organism na obi ọnụego bụ 120 gafere kwa nkeji, ozokwa etinyere dose "Atropine" ke ichekwa 1 mg. On ule ẹkụre intravenously ndinọ 240 mg nke "Aminophylline" - ọgwụ na-eme ngwọta "Dipyridamole".

analysis nke nsonaazụ

N'ihi nke nchegbu echocardiography na-eje ozi na-enweta abụọ akụkụ ndịna. Nke ikpeazụ na-enye ohere ime ka a mata ọdịda na contractility nke ekpe obi ventricle. Mgbe ọ na-atụgharị na-arụpụta n'ime akaụntụ ndim na motility nke myocardial anụ ahụ na onye zones.

Preliminary analysis of grafụ, a ọkachamara ozugbo mgbe na-anata ha. On ẹkụre achọpụta ọrịa cardiologist nwere ike na-ele video na ngwa ngwa ngagharị ọmụmụ. Ụfọdụ iberibe nke usoro a na-echekwara na kọmputa diski na-enye a ezi ozi isi n'ihi ụdi achọpụta ọrịa usoro.

Ebe ime nchegbu echocardiography?

Iji iduzi ọmụmụ eji a ibu ule ma ọ bụ pharmacological ule, ezuru itinye na kacha nso center cardiography. Ike ịchọpụta pụrụ iche klas nke ọha ike na oru. A ọzọ dị oké ọnụ nhọrọ maka mmejuputa usoro nwere ike ịghọ otu oge atọrọ na a onwe ụlọ ọgwụ, nke nwere ngwá mkpa iji na-eduzi ule na nwere ndị ọkachamara na-ruru eru.

Uru nchoputa nke myocardial ischemia eji nchegbu echocardiography

N'etiti isi uru nke usoro bụ ndị na-esonụ:

• Otu nnukwu ndepụta atụmatụ maka ọmụmụ nke ịrụ ọrụ nke obi muscle.
• Portability echocardiographic akụrụngwa na nke pụrụ ime nke ule n'èzí ụlọ ọgwụ.
• The dịtụ ala na-eri nke nchoputa.
• Ekwe omume nke qualitative ntule nke ọdịdị nke ndim nke myocardium.
• Security usoro n'ihi ọrịa.

-adịghị emezi emezi

Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-ekwu banyere ọghọm nchegbu echocardiography, ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama nke mbụ niile ihe isi ike ndị na-adabere na quantitative pụta n'omume. N'ihi nke a, mkpebi siri ike nke ezi na-arụpụta bụ nanị kwe omume n'oge nchoputa ahụmahụ, nkà dị ukwuu na-eme nnyocha.

Tinyere ihe ndị ọzọ, n'oge ule mgbe e nwere ọrụaka nsogbu. The puru nke na ha dị na etiti nke iji nke 5-10%.

Ná mmechi

Nchegbu echocardiography ka na-anọchi nnọọ otutu usoro nnyocha nke ịrịa ọrịa obi. Arụ dị otú ahụ a nchoputa na-kenyere bụ isi ọrịa ndị gbalịrị ọkọlọtọ electrocardiographic samples ahụ emeghị ezu ozi mata pathologies. N'ikpeazụ, nchegbu echocardiography na-eme ka o kwe omume ịchọpụta stenosis nke akwara akwara, ndise bụ ka edoghị mgbe angiography.