Ọkpụ Nikkolo Pizano: biography, creativity na-akpali eziokwu

Isiokwu a ga-elekwasị anya na ndụ na-arụ ọrụ nke Italian ọkpụ na-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ Nikkolo Pizano. Ọ na-ghọtara dị ka nchoputa nke Italian akwụkwọ nke ije na-enwe mmetụta na nkà mmepe nke dum Italy.

mbido

Nikkolo Pizano-atụle ga-nchoputa nke ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Italian ọkpụkpụ na bụ nna nke ama nkà ọkpụ Dzhovanni Pizano. Ọzọkwa ọ na-ghọtara site nchoputa Protorenessansa omenala. The kpọmkwem ụbọchị ọmụmụ bụ amaghi ukwu. Researchers nke ọrụ ya na-egosi na ihe na-ụbọchị nwere ike-atụle 1219.

Ọkpụ A mụrụ Puglia, n'ebe ndịda Italy. Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-atụgharị na-edebe ihe ochie nke Siena, ị ga-ahụ na ọ na-akpọ nwa Pietro. "Pisano" - abụghị ezigbo aha, ma naanị a aha otutu na-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ bụ, ogologo oge na-arụ ọrụ Pisa.

mmụta

Nikkolo Pizano, onye ọrụ n'ụzọ doro anya na-egosi na elu larịị nke nkà, mụtara na-nwe-nkịtị n'obodo ya. E nwekwara ntule na ọ na-azụ na ogbako, na-arụ ọrụ na Brasco ubu Emperor Frederick II na bụ na-elekwasị anya nke oge gboo omenala. Ọ ga-kwuru na ọ bịarutere na Pisa a na-ama nnọọ kpụrụ a ọkpụ ihe. Ka oge na-gosiri, o mere mkpebi ziri ezi, na-enye elu na Byzantine omenala n'ihi alọghachi plastic nke ụwa oge ochie. Ọ na-kweere na gburugburu 1245 m-Nikkolo Pizano ueahal Tuscany ebe dọgburu onwe Castello Del Prato Emperor.
Mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị, ọkpụ ọzọ ibughari: ọ na-amalite Lucca, ebe ọ nọgidere na ya ọkpụkpụ. A obere ka e mesịrị, ọ na-akpali na Pisa (n'etiti 1.245 na 1.250 afọ). Ọ bụ n'obodo a nke Nikkolo Pizano zutere ya ga-eme n'ọdịnihu na nwunye, na ghọrọ nna. Ya n'anya maara nnọọ ihe. Pisano nwa hụrụ n'anya ma na-akụzi ya craft na nwata. Ebe ọ bụ na-akpụ akpụ na Pisa, ọ na-amalite na-egosi na niile akwụkwọ n'okpuru aha nke Nikkolo Pizano.

kere eke

Researchers ike ikwu n'ezie ihe ụdị ọrụ bụ n'aka ọkpụ Pisano. Ọ na-kweere na mma nke nnukwu ụlọ Castello del Emperor e kwere nkwa ọlụlụ ya. O yikarịrị na-ede akwụkwọ nke ọdụm na-egosi na Portal nke nnukwu ụlọ, kwa, ọ bụ. N'ihi na ọrụ ya Tuscan oge na-agụnye "isi girl", nke gosiri na Rome (Palazzo Venezia). Na Lucca ya na-emekọ mma nke facade nke St. Martin Katidral.

mbụ masterpiece

Nikkolo Pizano, onye ọkpụkpụ zutere na niile nke Italy, na 1255 natara a kpọmkwem iji na Pisa, dị ka nke bụ ike a na oche nke Baptistery. On a ngo ọkpụ-arụ ọrụ na ndị enyi ya Lapo Di Richevuto na Arnolfo di Cambio. Ọ bụ nke mbụ na-arụ ọrụ na Pisano bịanyere aka. Ọ na-atụle ya mbụ masterpiece, dị ka ndị nna ha ukwu nwee ike ikpokọta oge gboo na mbubreyo Roman style.

Ọ na-kweere na tupu Pisano ifịk ifịk ekpep sculptural okwu oge Augustus, otú a otutu ya gosiri na ndị Department nke Baptistery. Ọ bụ a 6-carbon Ọdịdị mere nke na-acha ọcha, pink na ọchịchịrị akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ marble, nke akwuru na ulo-nbata. Nke ikpeazụ e mere na Gothic style n'ụdị trefoil. Njiko-akwado elu ogidi. Na nkuku nke ọ bụla njiko e debere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọ bụla n'ime ihe anọ ahụ bụ isi ọma (ndị kasị ewu ewu na ọnụ ọgụgụ - onyinyo nke Force n'ụdị Hercules). Ọ na-kweere na e kere eke nke dị otú ahụ a baptistery nwe n'ike mmụọ mmeri arches nke Rome, onye ọ na-akwanyere ùgwù, mgbe ọ gara Ostia.

Ka anyị cheta na na Njiko of Constantine na-mma na ogidi na tụrụ. Ke akpatre e sere dị iche iche Mpaghara si ndụ nke Jizọs Kraịst, sị: "Ikpe Ikpeazụ", "Ofufe dịịrị ndị Magus," "Na-ezisa na temple," "The n'Obe", wdg Ọzọkwa, ọrụ na baptistery-apụghị ileghara anya doro anya kpochapụwo mmetụta ndị na Pisano zụrụ na .. ikpe nke Eze Ukwu Frederick II. Ọ na-kweere na ihe kasị mma ọrụ nke Niccolo - a enyemaka "The Annunciation", "Ofufe dịịrị ndị ọzụzụ atụrụ na atụrụ" na "Ọmụmụ". N'ọrụ a ọkpụ ọma jikọtara nkà na ụzụ nke oge ochie ma n'oge a nna ukwu nke dị nsọ pụtara Christian omenala. Na nsọ a image bụkwa reminiscent nke ọrụ nke oge ochie nke nna ukwu: ha bụ ndị ukwu, magburu na uche.

Shutdown na nwa-ya

Around 1264 Pisano okokụre ọrụ kwesịrị dome baptistery. Ná mmalite ya e kwere nkwa ọlụlụ-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ Diotisalvi, ma mgbe ahụ na-arụ ọrụ e nyere Niccolo. Ọkpụ kpebiri ime ka Baptistery n'elu na icho mma ya abụọ domes. Around 1278 aka Niccolo bịara nwa-ya Giovanni, bụ onye nyeere mechaa na baptistery, decorating facade ọkpụkpụ. A obere ka e mesịrị, Niccolò malitere-arụ ọrụ na a oru ngo maka Igbe nke ncheta nke St. Dominic. Development Pisano akwado, ma n'ihu ọrụ agọ. A obere ka e mesịrị, ọ ka nwere a aka na ndị e kere eke nke ili maka Saint. Dominic na Bologna ọnụ na fra Guglielmo.

The Department maka Siena Cathedral

Around 1265 ọ malitere-arụ ọrụ na ngalaba maka Siena Katidral. Na ngụkọta ọ nọrọ na ya n'ihi na dị ka afọ atọ. The oche yiri nnọọ nke mbụ ya masterpiece - na baptistery. Otú ọ dị, ebe a na ọ gbanwere nke akporo na Ọdịdị mere ibu na size. Ọzọkwa nke dee bụ mma, n'ihi na ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ dara oké ọnụ karịa na mbụ nchọpụta. On a ngo ọ na-arụ ọrụ na-eguzosi ike enyi - nwa Giovanni, site Arnolfo di Cambio na Lapo Di Richevuto. Ọ bụrụ na anyị nyochaa atọ akụkụ ekara tụrụ, anyị nwere ike ikwu na ha bụ ndị nke ukwuu mmetụta nke French Gothic.
The ikpeazụ ọrụ Nicola na Dzhovanni Pizano - bụ a isi-iyi, nke ahụ a chọrọ ka icho mma isi square na Perugia. Affidavits na-ekwu na Niccolo wuru na chọọchị nke Santa Trinita na Florence, dị ka a na-echetara nke Cistercian Gothic, bụ nke a nọgidere ya mmepe na Italy.

N'ịchịkọta anyị pụrụ ikwu na Niccolo bụ nna nna nke Italian akwụkwọ nke ọkpụkpụ, nke e kere ruo XIV narị afọ, na-edu igbasa dum Italy. Ukwuu na ọrụ nke Pisano bụ n'oge gara aga nke ochie na akara na ihe oyiyi, ohere jupụtara kpamkpam, na-enweghị na-enye ohere ụgbọ elu nke fancy. Ma ọrụ nke Nikkolo Pizano (ya eserese) iji dozie otu na mgbanwe dị ukwuu na ubi nke ọkpụkpụ na ije. Ha aghọọla a ụdị rata maka elu-awụlikwa elu. 1260-1270 afọ nnọọ ọrụ n'aka nke na nna ya ukwu, n'ihi na ọ na-iwu si n'ebe niile Italy.