Ọrụ Albion dị iche iche agha esemokwu

Moonsund akipelago enyene a dị mkpa n'akụkụ Oké Osimiri Baltic. N'ihi nke a, ọ bụ mgbe idaha nke agha na XX narị afọ. Ọ mejupụtara anọ bụ isi isuo, ọ bụla nke Estonia bụ nke taa - ya Vormsi, Muhu, Saaremaa na Hiiumaa.

agha 1917

N'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ wee ebe Operation Albion, nke weere ọnọdụ na September - October 1917. Ọzọ nkịtị aha - "Operation Albion."

Ọ bụ onye agha nke German nsoro na ala agha. Command esetịpụrụ ọrụ ịmụta akipelago, nke diri Russia. German agha malitere ọdịda na n'àgwàetiti Saaremaa , on 12 October. Tupu mgbe ahụ, ndị nsoro ike ebelata Russian batrị: pesonel e weghaara. N'otu oge ahụ, ọtụtụ German Ụgbọ mmiri ndị mebiri emebi site mines n'ụsọ oké osimiri (agha "Bavaria" na na. D.).

Ọtụtụ ndị na-adị ndụ na-Operation Albion. 1917 bụ otu n'ime ndị ikpeazụ-aghọta ihe atụ na see na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ n'ihu. Mgbe otu ọnwa na Petrograd Bolsheviks wee ike, onye mesịrị bịanyere aka Brest-Litovsk Treaty.

Ụbọchị abụọ ka e mesịrị, skwodron rivals adabaghị Tete-a-Tete. Russian agha mmiri mbibi "Égbè Eluigwe" e mebie n'oge agha na agha Germany "Kaiser". Fire na osisi ada ka ọdịda nke egbe na-emikpu nke ụgbọ mmiri. Karịsịa fiercely mkpali Operation Albion na Irbensky Itie ebe adabaghị dreadnaughts na mgbere.

October 16 German mmiri sụrụ Gulf of Riga. Ha gụnyere ọtụtụ battleships na mgbere Reich. Iji chebe ụgbọ mmiri ndị si mines, na skwodron nwekwara minesweepers. Ize ndụ ọzọ maka German n'ụlọikpe bụ ọkụ meghere Russian ogbunigwe. Si agha na-echebe site anwụrụ ọkụ meziri gburugburu ji akụ azụ.

Mgbe o doro anya na Russian nsoro ga-enwe ike ịnọgide na-ahụ akipelago, e nyere ya iwu ka ha ziga ndụ mmiri n'ebe ugwu. N'aka nke ya, ndị Germany weghaara Ọnwa Island (October 18) na Hiiumaa (20 October). N'ihi ya biri Operation Albion na 1917 n'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ.

agha 1941

N'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ Moonsund akipelago ahụla abụọ agha arụmọrụ. Na 1941, Nazi agha bịara ebe a. Iwe ọrụ aha ya bụ na ụlọ ọrụ nke Reich "Beowulf." Ọ bụ nke ọzọ (nke abụọ) Operation Albion.

September 8 agha na-enweta na Island nke Vormsi, nke dị na German aka mgbe ụbọchị atọ nke arọ ọgụ. A izu gasịrị, isi mgbalị ndị e lekwasịrị anya na ada, agha nke nke e kere a izu.

The ọzọ ọdịda Saaremaa. Ebe a, agha kere izu abụọ. Soviet iwu ike ahụ gbapụ remnants ndị agha n'àgwàetiti Hiiumaa. Otú ọ dị, nke a mpempe ala ahụ bụ anya n'okpuru akara nke Reich.

N'ihi

The Soviet agha nọ na-agbalị niile na-esi anọ na akipelago, na ka oge na agha na Leningrad. Na a uche, ihe mgbaru ọsọ a E mechawo. Full annexation mere naanị on October 22, mgbe ọ fọrọ obere ọnwa abụọ nke na-alụ ọgụ. Ma ifịk nsoro, nke ẹkenịmde onye iro na Gulf of Riga. Agbachitere n'agwaetiti converted obodo traktọ, na-eme nke ha improvised analogues tankị (egbe na-mmasị). Mgbe Emechara Operation Albion, ndụ pesonel na e kpọpụsịrị ka Hanko dịịrị banye na mmiri.

Amphibious landings na 1944

Na historiography mara na nke atọ Operation Albion. 1944 ji eziokwu ahụ bụ na ndị agha Germany gbaghachi azụ en masse si nwere n'ókèala. N'àgwàetiti nke Leningrad Front e zigara si mejupụtara nke nke e akpan kpụrụ 8th égbè agha.

Ọrụ malitere na eziokwu ahụ na on September 27 na n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Vormsi bụ a ọdịda. Next, sochiri n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke akipelago. Nke ikpeazụ gosiri na Saaremaa: ọ bụ ndị kasị ibu na nke kasị mkpa na mpaghara. N'uhuruchi on October 8 malitere a isi agha na Tehumardi. Against ndị Soviet agha E duziri ekwu ọtụtụ. Ọzọkwa, agha ọnọdụ mgbagwoju anya mwepu ohere maka irè kpaa kụrụ ọnụ.

The ozize e n'ahụ naanị a ọnwa mgbe e mesịrị na November 23 mgbe agha sonyeere ụgbọelu. The gara aga mgbalị ada. The ọdachi kasịnụ e ọdịda na Vyntra, nke gburu mmadụ 500. Otu ụzọ ma ọ bụ ọzọ, ma mgbe ikpeazụ ọ chịlie aka elu nke ndị Germany efu 7000 nwụrụ anwụ. Ka ihe a na narị Ụgbọ mmiri ndị mikpuru ma ọ bụ mebiri emebi.