Physical Njirimara nke oxygen

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Kwa ụbọchị anyị na-ekuru nnọọ mkpa ikuku anyị. Ò nwetụla mgbe ị na-eche otú, ihe, ma ọ bụ kama nke ihe bekee bụ ikuku? Ọtụtụ n'ime ya nitrogen (78%), ọzọ oxygen bụ (21%) na inert, haruru (1%). Ọ bụ ezie na oxygen bụghị ihe ndị kasị mkpa akụkụ nke ikuku, ma na-enweghị ya, ikuku gaara-apụghị ibi ebi. N'ihi ya, e nwere ndụ na Earth, dị ka nitrogen na obere, haruru ọnụ na iche iche na-emerụ mmadụ. Ka anyị tụlee Njirimara nke oxygen.

Physical Njirimara nke oxygen

Oxygen na ikuku dị nnọọ dịghị ihe dị iche, dị ka nkịtị ọnọdụ, ọ bụ a gas enweghị flavor, agba na isi. Ma oxygen nwere ike artificially agafere ọzọ na-ekwu nke aggregation. Ya mere, na -183 ^{° C} ọ na-aghọ mmiri mmiri, na na -219 ^{° C} siri ike. Ma siri na mmiri mmiri oxygen nwere ike na-na-a nwoke na uwa, na ọ dị adị naanị na gaseous ala. Liquid oxygen bụ dị ka ndị (lee foto). A siri ike yiri ice.

The nkịtị Njirimara nke oxygen - ọ bụ na-Ọdịdị nke ahụ ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị dị mfe bekee. Abụọ oxygen atọm etolite dị otú ahụ bekee: oxygen (O ₂₎ na ozone (O _3). E gosiri n'okpuru bụ a nlereanya nke oxygen molekul.

Oxygen. chemical Njirimara

Ihe mbụ na-amalite a chemical e ji mara nke mmewere - ya itie ke oge usoro D. I. Mendeleeva. N'ihi ya, oxygen dị na 2nd oge 6 isi subgroups of n'okpuru nọmba 8. Ya atọm ibu - 16 amu, ọ bụ a nonmetal.

Na inorganic onwu ya ọnụọgụ abụọ ogige na ndị ọzọ ọcha esonyere a iche iche klas nke inorganic ogige - oxides. Oxygen nwere ike na-etolite a chemical compound na ma ọla na-abụghị ọla.

Ekwu okwu banyere na-na ọ na laabu.

Na ya site oxygen nwere ike enwetara site na mmiri electrolysis, decomposition nke potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, potassium chlorate, nitrate ifịk ọla na arọ metal oxides. Tụlee Jeremaya mere mgbe eji nke ọ bụla n'ime ụzọ ndị a.

1. Electrolysis mmiri:

2H ₂ O = 2H ₂ + O ₂

2. decomposition nke potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) na a catalyst:

KMnO ₄ = K ₂ MnO _4, KMnO + ₂ + O ₂

3. The decomposition nke potassium chlorate:

2KClO ₃ = 2KCl + 3o ₂

4. decomposition nke hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen peroxide):

H ₂ O ₂ = H ₂ O + O ₂

5. decomposition nke arọ metal oxides (e.g., mercury oxide):

2HgO = 2Hg + O ₂

6. decomposition nke nọ n'ọrụ metal nitrate (e.g. sodium nitrate):

2NaNO ₃ = 2NaNO ₂ + O ₂

The ojiji nke oxygen

Ebe ọ bụ na chemical Njirimara anyị okokụre. Ugbu a ọ bụ oge ikwu banyere ojiji nke oxygen na a ndụ mmadụ. Ọ dị mkpa n'ihi na combustion nke fuels na ike na kpo oku osisi. Ọ na-eji na-emepụta ígwè si scrap ígwè na, n'ihi na ọnwụ na ịgbado ọkụ metal. Oxygen masks mkpa maka ọkụ, maka di iche iche cylinders eji na ferrous na nonferrous nkà mmụta banyere ígwè, na ọbụna ke imewe nke explosives. Ọzọkwa na nri ụlọ ọrụ, oxygen a maara dị ka a nri mmako E948. O yiri na e nwere onye ụlọ ọrụ ebe ọ na-ama e ji, ma ihe kasị mkpa ọ na-arụ na nkà ọgwụ. E nwere ya na-akpọ - "Medical Oxygen". Iji oxygen bụ kwesịrị ekwesị maka, ya tupu abịakọrọ. The nkịtị Njirimara nke oxygen na-eme ka eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọ ga-abịakọrọ. Na ndị dị otú ahụ ụdị, ọ na-echekwara n'ime a cylinder, yiri ndị dị otú ahụ.

Ọ na-eji na kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na-elekọta ma arụmọrụ ke ngwa ịnọgide na-enwe ndụ Filiks na ahu nke a na-arịa ọrịa ọrịa, ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa ụfọdụ: decompression, pathologies nke eriri afọ tract. Site n'enyemaka nke ndị dọkịta na-ahụ kwa ụbọchị ịzọpụta ndụ ọtụtụ mmadụ. The chemical na n'ụzọ anụ ahụ Njirimara nke oxygen na-eme ka eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọ na-eji otú ọtụtụ ebe.