Podvoisky Nikolai Ilyich (1880-1948): Biography, party ọrụ

Nikolai Podvoisky bụ a revolutionary nke mbụ ife. O mere a isi onyinye ịga nke ọma nke Bolsheviks n'oge October mgbanwe na Civil War. Na Soviet Union na otu onye ndú ghọrọ a sports nhazi.

mmalite afọ

Future Bolshevik Nikolai Podvoisky mụrụ February 16, 1880 n'ime obodo nke Kunashevka. Ọ bụ Chernihiv ógbè - a ógbè ebe, dị ka Ukraine, karịsịa ifịk ke revolutionary ije. The nwa nna bụ ụkọchukwu obodo nta. Ọ bụghị ihe ijuanya na Nicholas mbụ gara Nezhinskoye ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị okpukpe, na mgbe ahụ, mgbe ọ dị afọ 14, na Chernigov seminarị. Podvoisky imecha ya okpu. Na 1901 ọ nọ na-achụpụ seminarị maka ikere òkè ala n'òtù nnupụisi.

N'oge a, Chernigov ógbè eweso discontent na-eto eto na ụbụrụ na-aghọ. Ukrainians, nakwa dị ka Russian, ọtụtụ na-adịghị amasị eze ike. Podvoisky Nikolai Ilyich bụ sokwa. Mgbe deductions, ọ dị nnọọ sonyeere set nke ndị ọgbọ bụ ndị keere òkè a yiri akara aka. Ọzọkwa na 1901, otu nwa okorobịa bịara na RSDLP.

eto eto Bolshevik

Mgbe Podvoisky sonyeere Social Democrats, ọ bụ naanị a obere ọzọ. Obere oge tupu ya were 1 Party Congress, ma nzukọ akabeghi doro anya Ọdịdị, na ndị ndú ya na-ukwuu n'ime awagharị n'ala ọzọ. Ọzọkwa, n'etiti okpuru e nwere ọtụtụ ndị ideological emegiderịta. Ha mere ka eziokwu ahụ bụ na mgbe II Congress nke RSDLP na 1903 kewaa Bolsheviks na Mensheviks.

Podvoisky Nikolai Ilyich sonyeere mbụ, na-aghọ ezigbo onye supporter nke Lenin. Mgbe otu wee ike, o nwere ike n'ụzọ ziri ezi-atụle ya a so na "ochie nche." Podvoisky gara n'ihu akwụkwọ Yaroslavl Demidov Lyceum. N'ịbụ ihere na-amụrụ na a ndú site n'ọmụmụ, ọ ngwa ngwa ghọrọ a na-akwanyere ùgwù so na Student Committee nke Bolsheviks.

The mbụ mgbanwe

Bịa 1905. Russia e meriri na agha na Japan. Ọdịda na Far East nọ aka nke radicals. Podvoisky Nikolai Ilyich na ndị ọzọ na Bolshevik oru bụ ndị nọgidere na Russia, ada ubi-arụ ọrụ. Ọ gara Ivanovo-Voznesensk na sonyeere Soviet nke Ọrụ 'Deputies, spontaneously haziri egbu proletarians. The ebe e họọrọ ohere. Ivanovo-Voznesenka bụ center nke akwa ụlọ ọrụ. E nwere ndị a otutu ụlọ mmepụta ihe. Na ihe ọ bụla ụlọ ọrụ bụ bụchaghị disgruntled ọrụ.

Podvoisky Nikolai Ilyich bụghị nanị Bolshevik n'obodo a. Na ya na Ivanovo-Voznesenka nhazi nke revolutionary proletarians dị ka ma na-amaghị ama na-eto eto Mikhail Frunze. Mgbe elu nke ọgba aghara Podvoisky gara Yaroslavl. Ọ anakọtara na-alụ ọgụ squads. N'oge ọzọ nkukota na ndị ọchịchị, ọ na-merụrụ ahụ.

Bipụtara party akwụkwọ akụkọ

Mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke mgbanwe Podvoisky kwagara Western Europe, ebe ọ nọrọ afọ abụọ. 1 Party Congress, mgbe otu bụ naanị otu obere ìgwè dị ka kpọrọ ndị mmadụ, dịwo anya n'elu. Ugbu a niile Bolsheviks nwere a ọtụtụ ọrụ. Podvoisky adara headlong n'ime Party pịa. Mgbe a mkpirikpi ezumike, ọ laghachiri Russia na ghọrọ isi nke ebipụta ụlọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ "ọka" na St. Petersburg.

Podvoisky Nikolai Ilyich (1880-1948) bụ ezigbo nhazi. Ọ bụghị egwu na-na ihe ndị kasị mkpa ihe aga-eme ihu na party. Bolshevik bụ otu n'ime instigators na initiators nke ama n'akwụkwọ "Star" na "Eziokwu." Karịsịa maka akwụkwọ e setịpụrụ. Na 1914, ndị Agha Ụwa Mbụ, na a ọhụrụ ideological n'ihu na party akwụkwọ akụkọ. "Eziokwu" aghọwo a isi isi ọwụwa maka uwe ojii nzuzo. Podvoisky bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ịghọta nrọ nke Lenin nke na-eto eto imperialist agha n'ime a mgbanwe.

1917 bụ

Ná ngwụsị nke 1916 Podvoisky e jidere ya, ikpe Siberia biri n'ala ọzọ. Otú ọ dị, na-eje ozi ya amamihe ọ bụ adịghị mkpa. N'oge na-adịghị wee February mgbanwe. The ọchịchị ọhụrụ mara ọkwa na a mgbaghara, n'okpuru nke kụrụ na Podvoisky Nikolay Ilyich.

Biography nke Bolsheviks bụ otu ihe atụ nke amamihe, nke na 1917 ghọọ ihe ndị kasị mkpa na niile nke ndụ. Atọhapụ, ọ gara Petrograd (ugbu a St. Petersburg nwere n'okporo ámá. Podvoisky). Dị ka n'oge mbụ mgbanwe, Nikolai Lenin ghọrọ onye òtù nke Soviet nke Ọrụ 'Deputies. Na mepere kọmitii nke Bolsheviks, ọ na-aga nzukọ nke Red Nche, nke e mechara ghọrọ idé nke Red Army. Ọzọkwa, ọ na-atụle na-ede akwụkwọ nke ise-kapịrị ọnụ kpakpando akara. Ọ aghọwo ndị a kasị mara àgwà nke Red Army.

Na ụbọchị tupu October mgbanwe, Podvoisky nọ Smolny, na bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị ike na ndị ndú nke preparations maka nsogbu. O mere otu ihe dị mkpa onyinye n'ịhazi batara nke Winter Obí.

Na mgbọrọgwụ nke Red Army

Na na biakwa obibia ka ike nke Bolsheviks , Nikolai Podvoisky họpụtara mbụ Ndị mmadụ Commissar maka Military Affairs. Na nke a ọkwá ọ nọrọ ruo March 1918, mgbe ọ na-anọchi Leon Trotsky. Na a mkpirikpi dị ka a mba kọmishọna Podvoisky jisiri banye ọtụtụ ihe dị mkpa iwu na iwu, nke ghọrọ ntọala nke nascent Red Army. Òtù nke ya agha bụ na oge a okwu ọnwụ na ndụ maka Bolsheviks, n'ihi na na-eru nso agha obodo, na otu ke nwere zuru ezu ego na-alụ ọgụ ndị iro na ọtụtụ asakde iso ese.

Ọ Podvoisky malitere inyere ọrụ mgbe redoubled Trotsky ekemende. Mgbe castling Nikolai Ilyich ghọrọ onye òtù nke Revolutinary Military Council. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị creators nke kenkwucha mmeri nke Red Army na Civil War ubi.

Soviet afọ

Mgbe e guzobere Soviet Union na laghachi nkịtị ndụ Nikolai Podvoisky ghọọ a sports nhazi - O duuru Sportintern na Kasị Elu Council of Physical Culture. -Akpali mmasị, na 1927 na vetiran Party starred na Sergei Eisenstein si "October", na premiere nke raara nye 10th ncheta nke mgbanwe. Na foto a Podvoisky egwuri maka onwe ha.

Na 1935, ndị Bolsheviks ghọtara pụrụ iche ụgwọ ezumike nká. Ikekwe nke a bụ ihe mere o ji nwee ike izere ada n'oge Stalinist ụjọ na purges nke ọzọ. Mgbe Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya, 60-afọ chọrọ ịga n'ihu dị ka onye ọrụ afọ ofufo. Ọ na-anabata n'ihi afọ, mgbe nke ọ malitere igwu trenches na gburugburu Moscow.

Soviet statesman, akpa July 28, 1948. E liri ya na Novodevichy na-eli ozu. Na ọtụtụ ndị na obodo nke USSR nwere onwe ya n'okporo ámá. Podvoisky. ncheta na na arụnyere na ya akụkọ ihe mere n'ala nna.