Far Eastern Railway: History na e ji mara

Far Eastern Railway - isi njem na ibu ụzọ ejikọta etiti nke Russia na ebe n'akụkụ aka Pacific Ocean. Ugbu a, uru nke a akara siri ike overestimate. Karịrị otu narị afọ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Far Eastern Railway bụ nke mmasị ọ bụghị naanị maka enthusiasts, ma n'ihi na ndị niile na-eche banyere ndị gara aga nke mba anyị.

ịsị

Echiche nke na-ewu nke a ọhụrụ ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè n'ebe ahụ ruo ogologo oge - kwa agbatị ndị nkwurịta okwu, ịghọta nnyefe nke ibu na anya ala nke alaeze ukwu. Na 1886, Governor-General nke Eastern Siberia na Amur region ndị e tinye n'ihu amụma na-ewu ọzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè e si Tomsk na Vladivostok-ime niile. Site ufọt ufọt 1887 a amaghị na esesịn a na-atụle na a na-eje nzukọ na ebe ndị dị na ndịda Siberia e zigara engineering njem na-enyocha ekwe omume nke oru ngo na-amụ usoro iheomume nke ya, mmejuputa iwu.

A ọsụ ụzọ na engineer

Far Eastern Railways nweta ọtụtụ ihe na-otu n'ime ndị mbụ nke ya injinia. The Aha nke mbụ na-ewu ụlọ nke Far Eastern Railway apụtawo ìhè n'ihu undeservedly echefu. Na na ọ bụ Alexander Ivanovich Ursati nwere nsọpụrụ nke akpa-agafe niile ogologo ụzọ si Comtal ka Vladivostok. Ụzọ dị iche iche na-eme ka ụzọ ha na-aga na obodo nta na-awagharị awagharị ntị chiri ogige, ụgbọ okporo ígwè engineer-ewu ụzọ na-amụ teren na nke a ga-ẹkenịmde Far Eastern Railway. Dị mwute ikwu na, ka ụbọchị, onye ọ bụla nke ụgbọ nke ụgbọ okporo ígwè akara na-adịghị aha ya bụ na ya nsọpụrụ.

Mmejuputa iwu nke oru ngo

Ná mmalite, ndị zubere ụgbọ okporo ígwè akara mara dị ka Ussuri. Ndị dị otú ahụ a aha o meriri site a nnukwu Ussuri River, nke aga site n'ókèala sara nke Primorsky Krai - si Khabarovsk na Vladivostok. Iche iche, abụọ akpa nkata e zubere akara: North Ussuriiskaya alaka òkè kpuchie Art. Grafskaya na Khabarovsk. Ndịda ngalaba e zubere na-edu site n'otu ebe na Vladivostok. Emume ibikwasị nke mbụ okporo ígwè e nwere na 1891 na Vladivostok, na ọnụnọ nke ezinụlọ eze na ndị òtù Cabinet. The ntọala tọrọ na Vladivostok ojii Tsarevich Nicholas - n'ọdịnihu Emperor Nicholas II of Russia.

The mbụ ngalaba

Na 1892, Russia malitere iduzi ndị na-ewu ụgbọ okporo ígwè. Isi nke oru ngo e kenyere OP Vyazemsky - ahụmahụ na-ewu onye rụrụ ọrụ iri atọ afọ na akụkụ dị iche iche nke Russia. Na họrọ saịtị, okporo ụzọ na-arụ ọrụ e nyere na-edu na-agụsị akwụkwọ nke St. Petersburg Institute of Railway Engineers. N'ihi na iga nke ndị dị mkpa ihe ndị e tọrọ inyeaka uzuzu, nke e mechara ghọrọ mkpa okporo ụzọ akwara nile nke Primorsky Territory.

The isi nsogbu na mberede bilie nke nke ndị na-ewu-arụ ọrụ ego. Obodo ndị oke obere - ama abuana n'agha mkpọrọ na agha. Site 1895 ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị mmadụ na-eje ozi ahịrịokwu maka mpụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ihe mere, bụ banyere 11 puku. Man. N'ihi na ha, na-adịgide adịgide n'ogige e, esịnede n'ogige ndị agha, ụlọ maka nchedo, baths, iri na surveillance elu. Dị ka ndị agha, ha na-ebu oké osimiri ogologo ndịda ụzọ si Odessa gafee Atlantic na Indian Ocean. Igwu na-ewe ọtụtụ ọnwa, Bilie-achịkwaghị achịkwa nke ebe okpomọkụ ntiwapụ nke ọrịa. The njedebe ikpeazụ bụ Vladivostok.

N'ihi egosi achọghị ọdịmma onwe ọrụ agha na ndị mkpọrọ na 1894 e tinyere n'ime ọrụ Yuzhno-Ussuri ụzọ alaka ụlọ ọrụ, ma na-n'ebe ugwu nke ụzọ e dechara afọ atọ mgbe e mesịrị. Far Eastern n'ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè nke kpuchie Amur region na Far East, malitere ịdị.

n'ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè

Ussuriysk ochie ụzọ na mbụ version 39 ụgbọ. Otu n'ime ha - ọdụ Ruzhino tọrọ ntọala site na kwabatara si Ukraine, Art. Manzovka (ugbu a Sibirtsevo), Art. Busse, aha ya bụ na nsọpụrụ nke a Russian ojii na nchoputa N. V. Busse Far East. Echefula enyocha na obodo injinia: aha LM Rozengarda VS Ilovaisky, V. V. Gedike na-aha ya bụ na ngalaba si Khabarovsk na bikinis. Na ugbu a Far Eastern Railway nwere 358 ụgbọ na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche track ngalaba.

Economic na ala ji mara Far Eastern Railway

Ugbu a, ndị Far Eastern Railway nwere ihe dị ka 7470 km nke ngụkọta ogologo nke ụzọ nke ha na-aga n'ihu ime ihe karịrị 6000 km. N'ókèala dị, a okporo ụzọ na-aga site na ise n'ógbè nke Far East - Amur AD, ndị Juu Autonomous Region, na Primorsky na Khabarovsk Territory, o nwere alaka na Republic of Sakha. Ya mmetụta na-na-agbasa na mpaghara nke Far East. Dị nnọọ a Far Eastern mmetụta ebe bụ ihe karịrị 40% nke ókèala nke Russian Federation.

Far Eastern ụgbọ okporo ígwè n'ókè site Hani ojii East Siberia ụgbọ okporo ígwè akara na ụgbọ okporo ígwè na wakpo na Arkhara esonyere Zabayskalskoy ụgbọ okporo ígwè. Yana dum ogologo nke ya ụzọ na-ekewa n'ime nkebi anọ, nke na-họpụtara site dị iche iche ngalaba, n'otu n'okpuru nche anwụ nke "Far Eastern Railway." Khabarovsk - Department NOD1, Vladivostok - NOD2, Komsomolsk - NOD3 na Tynda - NOD4. Ke adianade do, Far Eastern Railway conventionally kewara abụọ isi ebe - ugwu latitudinal na isi N'ezie. Ha na-ejikọrọ na a obere gbatia nke track rokadnymi: Komsomolsk-Volochaevka-2, Tynda-Sturm, Wayo-Urgal. Nke a enye gị ohere ike lọjistik convoys ofụri tract.

Far uru ụgbọ okporo ígwè

Ntọala ji mara Far Eastern Railway enye ihe mere na-atụle ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị isi lọjistik na njem ụzọ gasị na mpaghara. Kemgbe 2015 na ụzọ nke Far Eastern Railway e ebuga karịa 42 puku. Tọn ibu na banyere 5000 mmadụ uru site Far East ọrụ n'ụzọ dị ka njem. Idé enye njem nke anụ ụlọ na ndị mba mkpa - ya ezigbo ọrụ na Japan mmasị oru buu igba n'ulo, Mongolia, Korea na China, nke na-ere ha na ngwaahịa na mba anyị. ibu management a rụrụ site na otu akara center emi odude ke obio nke Khabarovsk.

Far East ụgbọ okporo ígwè akwara n'ụzọ ziri ezi enyene a na-eduga itie ke ogo nke njem nke exported na dị ngwongwo, nke ajụjụ maka banyere a atọ nke ngụkọta ibu okporo ụzọ na Russian Federation na ndị ọzọ karịa a ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke n'ụzọ nke dị ngwaahịa nke mba ndị ọzọ. Ekele streamlined lọjistik DVZhD Office akọ na, na 2016 ndị Far Eastern ụzọ gasị okporo ụzọ na-zubere ibufe karịa 116 nde tọn ibu na adreesị nke Pacific Ocean ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri. Mma na ọnọdụ na uto nke ahia na ya n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ agbata obi pụrụ iji obi ike na-ekwu a ịrịba ama mmụba na okporo ígwè iga na-adịghị anya.

management

Dị ka nke 2015, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị ọrụ nke Far Eastern Railway bụ 40 puku. People n'ọrụ na-eje ozi a okporo ụzọ. Nke a okporo ụzọ na-enye ndị obodo ọrụ na obi ike na-eme n'ọdịnihu.

Management nke Far Eastern Railway bụ ozugbo ọ nọ n'okpuru JSC "Russian Railways" na bụ a bughi alaka. Chief nke Far Eastern Railway ewe Maklygin 2015 N. N'okpuru idu ndú ya na-niile na-arụ ọrụ ebe, nke na-arụ ọrụ ndị Far Eastern Railway. Address office DVZhD - Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Khabarovsk Territory. Dị iche iche territorial akara ha management.

nche Software

Dị ka isi nke Khabarovsk Far Eastern management, mma ọrụ na mgbochi ụzọ nke Far Eastern Railway bụ a mkpa. Na 2015, na ụzọ netwọk nke Far East aha 18 mberede, nke atọ ndị mmadụ nwụọ. All ihe mberede ndị kpatara nke ọkwọ ụgbọala na-na-arụ ọrụ a ụgbọala na-emebi okporo ụzọ iwu.

The ebe mgbakọ nche wakporo saịtị a họọrọ ụzọ site Nogliki-Korsakov. Ịdọrọ uche gaa na-esi nke na-abụghị nnabata ya na iwu nke ụgbọ okporo ígwè okporo ụzọ nchekwa na-etinye na a conspicuous ebe a ole na ole ụgbọala, agbajikwa na mberede. N'ihi ya ụgbọ okporo ígwè ọrụ na-agbalị na-echetara ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala ihe ize ndụ ndị nke-eso onye na-akwọ na ịgafe nke tracks. E wezụga ọrụ abuana ke edinam nke okporo ụzọ uwe ojii na ndị nnọchiteanya nke Municipal Unitary Enterprise "Transport ụlọ ọrụ".