Sports ụgbọelu - ígwè ọrụ n'ezie aces

Ọtụtụ rọrọ nke dị ka a na nwa na-ebuli ihe n'ime ikuku ọgụ fighter na multi-ton njem liner. N'ụzọ dị mwute, ọ bụghị ihe niile anyị na ọchịchọ na-kara aka na ọ ga-emezu, na nrọ nke igwe na-adịghị ma e wezụga. Ma okpu ụgbọelu ka nwere ohere nọrọ n'isi. Ya ha na-enye egwuregwu ụgbọ elu.

Gịnị bụ a egwuregwu ugbo elu

Ma ọ na-akpọ isi ọzụzụ ugbo elu, ma ọ bụ aeroklubovskoy. Sport ugbo elu na-eji maka mwube mbụ ụgbọ elu nkà beginners na a iche iche egwuregwu ịdọ aka ná ntị nke na mpi a na-aerobatics n'etiti ezigbo aces. Na Russia, bụbu Soviet Union egwuregwu ugbo elu bụ na ogbenye ọnọdụ, ma ọ na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-amalite naghachi. YAK - egwuregwu ugbo elu, nke dị oké mkpa maka anyị obere ụgbọelu. Eji UC-52, FC-54, FC-55, T-YAK18. Anyị na-enwe a egwuregwu ugbo elu Su-26 na AN-2, nke na-bụ-eji na mwụpụ ebe. Nke ndị mba ọzọ ụgbọala nwere ike oké-na Cessna 172 na Piper PA-28 Warrior.

All ikuku klọb na Russian onwe. Na nke a, na ọdụm òkè nke flights e mere maka azụmahịa nzube. Ya mere, taa, bụ a nnọọ ewu ewu ọrụ - elu ntụrụndụ na egwuregwu ụgbọelu. Ihu ọma dị otú ahụ flights na-rụrụ na FC-52 na FC-54. Iji ofufe, bụchaghị iso na-efe efe club - ọ bụ ike inweta nwe nke ugbo elu na ọnụnọ nke a onwe pilot akwụkwọ ikike ịkwọ, ime ka flights na ha onwe ha. N'ụzọ dị mwute, ndị Russian akụrụngwa na nkwado iwu maka oji flights bụ na a nnọọ ala dị larịị nke development.

Gịnị kwesịrị ịbụ ezigbo egwuregwu ugbo elu

E nwere ihe ndị bụ isi a chọrọ ka-zutere site egwuregwu ụgbọ elu. Ha kwesịrị mfe ma n'otu oge idi ịrịba aerodynamic ibu, kwesịrị mfe ofufe na-enwe ike ime eme a ogologo ụgbọ elu na mkpọchi. E aerobatic ụgbọ elu. Ha na-kpọmkwem haziri maka aerobatic iwu na-elu ike na-achịkwa arụmọrụ karịa ndị ogbo ha. egwuregwu ugbo elu ọsọ pụrụ iru si 250 na 500 km / h, na-abụghị nkwụsị ụgbọ elu - si 500 na 1000 km, na ha nwere ike na-ebili na 6000 mita.

E nwere kpọmkwem chọrọ na a ga-zutere ke imewe nke ugbo elu ụgbọ elu.

1. Aerobatic chọrọ ịpụta mpụga onwe ya echiche ụgbọelu, na-ekpebi otú ihe ọ ga-itu ihe ga nku jiometrị na t. D.
2. Okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu chọrọ ikpebi ọdịda nke pilot na echiche site kokpiiti, ma ha kọwaa àgwà ndị ga-enwe mgbe ụgbọelu uloanumaanu n'ime a tailspin.
3. The engine ga-arụ ọrụ were were na elu ibu metụtara na-arụ ụgbọ elu eduzi. Na nke a, na moto akara ga-mfe dị ukwuu dị ka o kwere omume, ka ha wee ghara ịdọpụ uche pilot si mgbagwoju achịkwa.
4. The akara panel gaghị ṅụbigara ngwa. Flights na-mgbe na-rụrụ na ezi ihu igwe, mgbe ọhụhụ dị mma, otú ahụ ka mmezi ngwá ga nanị ịdọpụ uche ndị pilot anya.
5. Ụgbọ elu imewe na-enye ihe nnọọ mfe nzukọ a na disassembly nke ugbo elu, ezi maintainability, mgbanwe na-akpata mmụba na payload.

Na-ewu a sports ụgbọelu, i kwesịrị ịtụle ọtụtụ ihe. N'agbanyeghị ya ka o di mfe, ọ bụ ike, na ọtụtụ ụzọ a zuru okè igwe.

A obere akụkọ ihe mere eme

Ihe niile na mba anyị malitere na 1923 na monoplane ndanda-1 (Tupolev), a obere ka e mesịrị, na 1927, ọ na-esonyere a biplane AIR-1 (Yakovlev Design Bureau). Na 30s na ọ bụ egwuregwu ugbo elu Yakovlev bụ-eji maka pilot ọzụzụ. Mgbe ahụ, e bụ ụgbọ elu Gribovskogo na ama U-2 Polikarpov. Na 60s mbụ ama Yak-18PM, nke gosiri magburu onwe ọsọ na ụgbọ elu arụmọrụ na ụwa n'asọmpi na 1962 na 1964. Na 1966 anyị akwọ merie Ọla niile kwere omume ọma, ọ bụghị nanị ndị mmadụ ma nwekwara ndị inyom, na Yak-18PM aha ya bụ ihe kasị mma ụwa egwuregwu ugbo elu.

Mgbe a na Yakovlev Design Bureau kwụsịbeghị ma mepụtara YAK-30 - Ugboro abụọ ugboelu ọzụzụ ugbo elu. Mgbe ahụ soro a otu Yak-32, nke bịara na a catapult. Nke a magburu onwe ụgbọelu ekenịm ke 60s 2 ọsọ ndia. Na '73 kere ama Yak-50. Nke a ugbo elu ka ọtụtụ Ọla nke Soviet na-eme egwuregwu. Na ebe e mere Yak-52, ma o nwere ụfọdụ imewe flaws. Na '81, ndị a adịghị na-tutu amama na Yak-55, nke bụ nnọọ ihe ịga nke ọma na-ewu ewu na-akwọ ụgbọelu otú anya.

Na 1985, Sukhoi emepụta kọmpat egwuregwu ugbo elu Su-26. Su na size nnọọ obere karịa UC, na nwere ihe maneuverability na ọsọ, kwere ka o ọzọ ngwa ngwa na ndị ọzọ o doro anya na ịrụ aerobatics. Ọ ga-kwuru na nke a ụgbọelu ụwa mbụ carbon eriri e tinye ha n'ọrụ, bụ nke mere ka ọ dịrị ya mfe na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ na-eguzogide ọgwụ nrụgide.

Gịnị bụ ihe mgbagwoju anya?

Echiche a mụrụ nke elu-igwe nke agha. Ná mmalite aerobatics eji ihe n'ụzọ dị irè na-ekere òkè na onye-iro na ikuku. Ugbu a, ọ bụ n'ụzọ bụ isi egwuregwu, egwú ma agha na sports ụgbọelu na, n'ezie, na-azụ ọhụrụ ọrụ na mbara igwe.

Ọ na-amalite na mfe shapes dị ka a gburugburu ma ọ bụ slide, nke, ọbụna ọhụrụ-pilot nwere ike igbu. Ọzọkwa ọmụmụ ihe mgbagwoju shapes, dị ka gbọmgbọm, n'usoro n'elu ugwu, dị iche iche na loops na, n'ezie, a sukruu. Na ndị a eduzi ndị pilot na-enwe mkpọchi 3G. Ọ ga-kwuru na aerobatic eduzi na-rụrụ na elu elu, iji nweta kacha nchekwa. Ma n'ezie, ọ dịghị ụgbọ elu ọsọ na ikpọ arụmọrụ ihe ike iji tụnyere egwuregwu aerobatic ugbo elu.