The African Union (AU) - mba Inter Governmental nzukọ. Nzube, Member States

Ụwa nke oge a bụ multipolar obodo. N'ịbụ ndị a maara bụ ihe interstate òtù mba Europe, dị ka European Union. Site ntụnyere na a obodo nke African mba guzosie ike ha territorial guzobere - na African Union.

Ụbọchị nke oruru nke nzukọ

Ụbọchị nke nzukọ na ka na-adịghị n'ụzọ doro anya ike. Obodo nke uwa na-amata ụbọchị ọmụmụ Union 9 July 2002. The sonyere nke mkpakọrịta weere okobot ụbọchị nke May 26, 2001. Gịnị mere e dị otú ahụ a ndiiche?

Iwu na guzobe nke African Union e kuchiri na September 1999 na pụrụ iche nzukọ African isi nke obodo ke Libya (na Sirte). N'afọ na-esonụ, ha mma na-eme omume na oruru nke AU elu ugwu na Lome (Togo) na kwuru, oruru nke n'otu. Na May 2001, iri-na-otu African mba ratified omume na-akụziri okwu. Ya mere, e a mbụ ụbọchị.

37th OAU Assembly na July nke afọ a na Lusaka (isi obodo nke Zambia) mma bụ isi akwụkwọ na-akọwa ihe ndabere iwu kwadoro na ngwaọrụ nke nzukọ ọhụrụ. Guzosie ike Charter dochie ndị OAU Charter, nke bụ ihe ndabere iwu kwadoro maka dum oge nke mgbanwe site na AU na AOE (nke e kere a afọ). July 9, 2002 maka oge mbụ na AU elu ugwu meghere, nke e nwere na Durban (South Africa). On ya họọrọ Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa, onyeisi oche mbụ nke African Union. Europe atụle nke a ná mmalite nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke African Union.

Akpata Union

The African Union bụ kasị nzukọ nke na-ekwu nke Afrika. Ya na-akpata elu site akụ na ụba na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mgbanwe n'ụwa mgbe e guzobere mbụ interstate òtù African mba.

Mgbe onwe, iri na asa African mba ke 1960, a na-akpọ "afọ nke Africa", isi-ha kpebiri ọrụ ọnụ dozie abụrụ nsogbu. Back ke 1963 na mba sonyeere mgbalị ha n'ime kpuchie nke Organization of African Unity. The isi ebumnobi nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị inter-ala mkpakọrịta bụ: nchedo nke mba onwe na territorial ike n'ezi ihe nke States, mmepe nke imekọ ihe ọnụ dị n'etiti mba nke Union, ihe ngwọta nke territorial esemokwu, imekọ ihe ọnụ na niile na ngalaba nke ndụ, na-elekwasị anya na ọnụ nke mba.

Erule mmalite nke iri abụọ na narị afọ, ọtụtụ ndị na ebumnobi e mezuru. N'ihi isi mgbanwe ke kpuchie nke ọnụ nke mba ọhụrụ nsogbu chere ihu African mba. Na ndabere nke OAU, ọ e kpebiri ike a nọchiri na ọhụrụ ihe mgbaru ọsọ. The ugbu a ọnọdụ akụ na ụba na Africa na-achọ a search nke ọhụrụ irè usoro maka idozi nsogbu.

Isi ihe dị iche

Kpụrụ njikọ nke African mba azụlitewo na malitere mmejuputa nke akụ na ụba na ihe omume nke NEPAD (mbụ akwụkwọ ozi nke English aha New Partnership maka Africa s Development) - «New Partnership maka Africa nke Development". Ihe omume na-agụnye mmepe dalnesrochnoe ekwu na ndabere nke mwekota na onye ọ bụla ọzọ na ya hà imekọ ihe ọnụ na obodo nke uwa.

Mgbanwe Union na mkpa iwu ebumnobi na aku na uba na fundamentals, dị ka akụkọ ihe mere eme na-egosi, nwere a mmetụta bara uru na ihe ngwọta nke ẹdude nsogbu nke African mba. Nke a na-ezo aka na isi ihe dị iche n'etiti OAU na AU. Economic imekọ ihe ọnụ nke na-ekwu na-zubere enweghị ịgbalị ịgbanwe ẹdude na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nhazi nkewa.

The nzube nke nzukọ

The isi ebumnuche nke ahọrọ aku mwekota nke Africa. Economic na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị imekọ ihe ọnụ, tinyere ike nke ịdị n'otu na mba ozo iji na ọbọ ebumnobi nke ichebe ọbụbụeze na e kere eke nke ezigbo ọnọdụ maka ndụ nke ndị Africa.

isi ihe aga-eme

Iji nweta ihe ndị a ihe mgbaru ọsọ bụ isi ntụziaka nke ọrụ, chepụtara ka a nsogbu nke African Union. Na mbụ ebe bụ mmepe na ike nke African mwekota na socio-akụ na ụba na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ngalaba. N'ihi ya, mmejuputa iwu-achọ mmejuputa iwu nke abụọ ebumnobi: iji chebe ọdịmma nke ndị bi na nke Afrika site na-akwalite ha na mba ozo. Si mbụ na nke abụọ ndị na-esonụ ihe aga-eme, na-enweghị nke na ọ gaghị ekwe omume iji nweta mmejuputa gara aga ndị: mmezi nke udo na obodo nile nke Afrika na ha na nchekwa. Na ikpeazụ ike: na eme onye kwuo uche oru na-echebe ụmụ mmadụ ikike.

States - òtù nke Union

Iji ụbọchị, African Union na-agụnye iri-na-anọ na-ekwu. Ọ bụrụ na-atụle na Afrika na-emi odude iri ise na ise mba na ise eleghara na onwe-kwusara na-ekwu, ọ fọrọ nke nta niile African mba. Onwere, njikọ nke African na-ekwu adịghị aba n'Alaeze nke Morocco, na-akọwa ya jụrụ iwu akwadoghị mkpebi nke Union na-na Western Sahara. Morocco weere ókèala ya.

Mba African Union, ọ bụghị n'otu oge. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ndị guzobere Òtù nke African Unity ke 1963. Mgbe mgbanwe nke OAU, ha niile wee banye African Union. Na 1963, iri-na-ise nke May n'otu gụnyere: Algeria, Benin (ruo mgbe 1975 Dahọmi), Burkina Faso (ruo mgbe 1984 Upper Volta), Burundi, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, na Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Cameroon, Congo, Côte Ivoire (ruo mgbe 1986 mara dị ka Ivory Coast), Madagascar, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Libya, Morocco (kewapụrụ onwe ha n'ọchịchị Union na 1984), Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Uganda, Somalia, Sierra Leone, Togo, Nigeria, Tunisia, Central African Republic, Chad, Sudan, Ethiopia. Na December, nke iri na atọ nke otu afọ na OAU wee Kenya.

Amụba size nke Afrika na Union

Na 1964, ndị OAU ghọrọ Tanzania - January 16, Malawi - July 13, Zambia - 16 December. Gambia sonyere October 1965, Botswana - October 31, 1966. 1968 sonyeere n'ohu nke nzukọ atọ ná mba ndị ọzọ: Mauritius, Swaziland - 24 September 1968, Equatorial Guinea - 12 October. Botswana, Lesotho, Guinea-Bissau sonyeere otu 19 October 1973. Na na 1975 o sonyeere Angola - February 11, Mozambique, Sao Tomé na Príncipe, Cape Verde, Comoros on 18 July. June 29, 1976 Union gbakwunyere na Seychelles. Djibouti sonyeere ndị ọzọ States June 27, 1977, Zimbabwe (obodo ogbenye millionaires dị ka ọ na-akpọ) - na 1980, Western Sahara - February 22, 1982. The nineties ọzọ mere ka onye na-abawanye na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị òtù nke Organization of African Unity: Namibia sonyeere na 1990, May 24, 1993 ghọrọ onye òtù nke Eritrea, June 6, 1994 - South Africa. Ọnọdụ ikpeazụ natara otu ke African Union July 28, 2011, aghọwo South Sudan.

The iche iche nke obodo

The ọkà okwu gụnyere mba ya socio-mmepe nsogbu dị iche iche nkebi nke mmepe. Anyị mara ụfọdụ n'ime ha.

Country Nigeria abụghị usụhọde ka ndị fọdụrụ n'ime Africa akpa ebe okwu nke bi. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ naanị na nke iri na anọ ebe na ebe nke ya n'ókèala. Ebe ọ bụ na 2014 na steeti aghọwo a na-eduga na-emeputa mmanụ Africa.

Guinea-Bissau - otu n'ime ndị kasị daa ogbenye mba ụwa, kwubara n'etiti n'elu ise. The ọgaranya mmanụ ego nke bauxite na phosphates na-mepụtara. Isi na-arụ nke ndị bi na - azu na osikapa cultivation.

Ndị kasị daa ogbenye obodo gbasara Senegal. Mmepe nke ego nke gold, mmanụ, ígwè ore na ọla kọpa na-rụrụ-agụghị oké. State adị ndụ na kwesiri enyemaka ego si ná mba ọzọ.

Cameroon - a mba nke ọdịiche. Na otu aka, nke a bụ a na steeti na ịrịba mmanụ mee, kwubara iri n'etiti mmanụ-amị mba Africa. Nke a na-enye ohere ị na-akpọ ndị mba onwe-zuru ezu ala. N'aka nke ọzọ, ọkara nke ndị bi na ya bụ ogbenye ọnụ ntụ.

ụkpụrụ ndị bụ isi

The mkpa nke agha n'etiti mba abụọ emewo ka e guzobere n'ụkpụrụ bụ isi nke AU. Transnational corporations na obodo elites nwere mmasị inweta ikike nke nwe ya na ndozi nke ego nke dị iche iche minerals na ókèala nke Afrika. Iji gbochie ekwe omume ọgụ egbe n'ozuzu nabatara ude nke ala ala nke otu òtù na ha setịpụụrụ oge nke ha nweta nke onwe.

Union were nri iduzi aka n'ihe omume nke States òtù nke nzukọ, ma ọ bụrụ na mkpebi a mere abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ihe niile ndị òtù nke Assembly nke ndi isi nke State na Government. Mkpebi a na ụdi nkenye ọnọdụ nke ndị agha na-AU ekwe omume na ikpe nke mgbukpọ megide akpan akpan mba, mpụ megide mmadu na agha mpụ.

Tradition na ọhụrụ

The ọhụrụ ụkpụrụ bụ na ndị isi nke Government, bụ onye bịara ike site n'uzo na ezighi ezi, maka ojiji na ọkà okwu na-adịghị ekwe. N'ihi na iwe mba nyere a nso nke n'obodo ọchị site na nkwusioru nke ịtụ vootu na Assembly na-agwụcha na ndị cessation nke aku na uba imekọ ihe ọnụ. Jikoro iji na-amụba ibu ọrụ nke isi nke obodo.

Na mba arena AU-agbaso ụkpụrụ nke imekọ ihe ọnụ na Non-kwekọọ kwusara na Charter nke United Nations.

Structure ọchịchị

The Assembly nke ndi isi nke State na Government na isi nke ihe kasị ndị ọchịchị nke African Union na a ga-kpọkọrọ otu ugboro n'afọ. The Executive alaka okpon akan na AU Commission. Maka ntuli aka nke onyeisi oche nke AU Commission na AU onyeisi oche ntuli aka na-eme otu ugboro n'afọ. The OAU azụlitewo a ụdị omenala: na oche nke African Union na-ewe isi nke State ebe nzuko ẹkenịmde. Ọdịdị nke ọchịchị na-agụnye ị na-ahọrọ Pan African nzuko omeiwu (VAP).

Ọkàikpe na-gawa site Ụlọikpe Union, n'ihi na nke a pụrụ isi chọta bụ obodo nke Nigeria. Iji dozie nsogbu nke ihe niile na-Union kere African Central Bank, African Monetary Fund, na African Investment Bank. Dị ka chọrọ, ndị Assembly nwere ikike iji hazie pụrụ iche na oru kọmitii obibi ezigbo mkpa. N'ihi ya bilie na Union na aku na uba, na-elekọta mmadụ iwu na omenala. Na 2010, ndị agha na-kpụrụ, ibido dochie mpaghara si ọtụtụ mba ndị agha.

The African Union Commission nwere asatọ òtù. Women na akaụntụ maka ọgụgụ ka ukwuu nke ha (ise nke asatọ). Regulations na GSA-atụ aro ka ị banye na ndị inyom abụọ n'etiti ise amanyere bụ iwu nnọchiteanya si ọ bụla so na ala ịdị n'otu.

N'iru Center na African Union Administration nọ Ethiopia na Addis Ababa obodo.

Atụmanya maka mmepe nke African Union

Iri-na-narị afọ mbụ nēche iji zere na-atụghị anya ọnọdụ, akwụ ụgwọ ihe ndị ọzọ anya ka guzobere na mmepe nke zuru ụwa ọnụ owuwu. Taa, mba Inter Governmental òtù atụgharị kwupụta center nke mgbalị iji lebara zuru ụwa ọnụ nsogbu nke taa. Integration of African mba, nke n'ihi na ọtụtụ akụkụ nke na udi nke ndị kasị daa ogbenye, e mere na-dịrị n'otu mgbalị iji kpochapụ ndị na-akpata nke ọgbọ nke a mendicant ala.

AS-anọchi nke abụọ ẹdude n'ihu ya mba Inter Governmental òtù: OAU na NPP (na African Economic Community). The eme nke nuclear ike osisi, e iri atọ na afọ anọ (ebe 1976) bụ ike ịnagide mmetụta ọjọọ nke ụwa ọnụ. Correct ọnọdụ bụ ndị e mere na-ekwu okwu.