Ugwu nke Southern Siberia: akụkọ ihe mere eme na ọdịdị ala

Otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu ugwu usoro nke Afrika, nke na-erukwa maka 4,500 kilomita, ngụkọta nke ebe ihe karịrị ọkara nde square kilomita - ugwu nke Southern Siberia. Zoro ke ogbu nke Asia, malite site na mbara ọzara dị n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na inyịme dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke na Pacific Ocean, a ígwè na-etolite na Watershed n'etiti oké Siberia osimiri eru n'ime Arctic Ocean, na ọ dịghị ihe na-erughị ama ọdọ nke Far East, na-enye na mmiri ya na Pacific. Ájị ugwu nke Southern Siberia nwere a bukwanu elu karịa elu oké osimiri na a kwatuwokwa doro anya na landscaped ebe. More karịa 60% ji site n'ugwu apịtị. Relief elu maka dum ogologo nke nnọọ jupụtara na nkume, na nnukwu amplitudes nke elu, na nke a na-kpatara a dịgasị iche iche nke teren na ọdịiche nke Ọnọdụ Ihu Igwe.

geology

Mountains nke ndịda Siberia e guzobere n'out oge. First tectonic mbuli-elu mere na Baikal region na Eastern Sayan Mountains, ekwu okwu banyere ya Precambrian na Lower Paleozoic nkume. Na Paleozoic kpụrụ Altai, na Western Sayan na Salairsky riiji. Mgbe niile, na-ama na Mesozoic, bilie Eastern Transbaikalia. Mountain ụlọ na-aga n'ihu nke a, olee ihe ha na-ekwu na-enwe kwa afọ ala ọma jijiji akọwa Earth jikọrọ ọnụ na ụdị adịghị ewe subsidence ma ọ bụ mbuli-elu. Mountains nke ndịda Siberia na kpụrụ n'okpuru nduzi nke quaternary glaciation. Mmiri kpuchie a oké oyi akwa nke bụghị naanị niile arrays, ma anya si na mbara ọzara nke ndịda-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Ọ emekwa kpụkọrọ na ridges kpụrụ a nkume niche, n'ihi na nke ndị ridges ibu warara na-egbusi mkpọda - nkpoda ndagwurugwu - miri emi.

The ihu igwe na teren ụdị

Maka dum ogologo nke ugwu nke ebe ndịda Siberia nwere ọjọọ nkezi kwa afọ okpomọkụ, ntụgharị ogologo winters na frosts nnọọ nnukwu. Na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ mkpọda nke okpomọkụ ezo, snow dị ike - elu atọ mita. N'ihi nke a, na ugwu nke Southern Siberia na ebe ndị a na-kpuchie na crude apịtị (fir, cedar), na e nwere ọtụtụ swamps na ndị mara mma ala ahịhịa juru. N'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ mkpọda na n'ọgba nke ọdịda bụ nke ukwu obere na-ekpo ọkụ summers na dị akọrọ, mgbe mgbe, steppe Okirikiri. N'etiti ndị niile dị ugwu nke South Siberia maka snow akara na-akpọlite naanị na Altai, na Eastern Sayan Mountains na Stanovoy Highlands - na e nwere kpụkọrọ. Karịsịa a otutu n'ime ha nọ na Altai - 900 square kilomita nke kpụkọrọ.

The omumu nke oké osimiri

Ọ bụ n'ebe ahụ sitere uku nile Siberia osimiri Ob, Irtysh, Yenisey, Lena, Amur. Ha na-asọ akpa ke warara ọmarịcha ndagwurugwu dị n'etiti ugwu keerughi ọnụ ọnụ ugwu. N'ihi na incredibly ngwa ngwa - ọwa mkpọda ruo ọtụtụ iri puku kwuru iri mita na otu kilometa ije. Na na ala nke fọrọ nke nta niile osimiri hapụrụ metụtara n'ụdị kpụkọrọ mgbakọ nkume, "na mutton n'egedege ihu", crossbars na moraines. Mountains nke ndịda Siberia, a map nke a na-amụ ọbụna na ụlọ akwụkwọ, guzobere ha efere na ihe egwuregwu na ọdọ mmiri nke ahụkebe mara mma. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha, na ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ mara mma. Ka ihe atụ, cascading Multinsky Altai, Teletskoe e - obodo mkpuru na-eju Aya. Grand na ndị mara mma purest ọdọ ke ụwa - Lake Baikal. Mara mma Markakol Ulug-Hol, Todzha.