Visimsky Reserve (Sverdlovsk mpaghara)

Visimsky Reserve (Sverdlovsk mpaghara) e hiwere na 1946. Ma a obere ka e mesịrị - na 1951 - ya emechi. Afọ 20 gasịrị (1971) Visimsky idobere e kpọliteghachiri na ebe nke ihe karịrị 9500 hectare. Mgbe a na-oge nke ókè-ala ghọrọ wider.

Isi

The ebe a eke ebe taa - karịrị 13 500 hectare. A ịrịba akụkụ nke ọdịdị idobere emi odude ke Middle Urals na elu esịmde nke osimiri Sulem. Ndị fọdụrụ nke ókèala enyene a obere ọwa mmiri mmiri Vogulka. Ya mere, Visimsky Reserve bụ ụdị ókè-ala n'etiti mpaghara nke Europe na Asia. Na 2001, ndị na-echebe ebe natara ọnọdụ nke a Biosphere idobere. Central Estate dị na p. n. Visim. Ọ bụ oge ochie Metallurgical center na omumu nke ama onye dere D. N. Mamina-Sibiryak.

Nzube nke e kere eke

Ihe bụ isi premise nke idobere isi mere iji chebe ma na-amụ eke mgbagwoju ke Sredneuralskaya ugwu apịtị. Na. "Regulations na State Reserve Visim" o doro anya kwuru, sị isi mgbaru ọsọ na nzube nke n'ókèala a:

1. Mmejuputa iwu-nke nche ọrụ na idobere na niile n'itinye ihe, nakwa dị ka ememe nke nchebe ọchịchị.
2. The mbara ọrụ na ọmụmụ nke oge ochie biogeotsenologicheskomu ọhịa Watershed nke Middle Urals.
3. Nchọpụta nke ike mmepe nke sitere n'okike nke dị iche iche emepụta biotsenozov larịị.
4. Environmental mmata n'etiti ndị bi na, nakwa dị ka nchedo ma ò ojiji nke dị eke ego.
5. Aka nkwadebe nke ruru eru na-eme nnyocha.

Ókè-ala na ókèala

Nature Area egosi nkpochapụ anọ pointers n'ụdị ogidi, ma. Kpọmkwem onwe ya n'ogologo nke ókè-ala bụ 60 km pụọ. Na 1973 Visimsky idobere ebe agbanweela mgbanwe ụfọdụ ka a n'ihi nke a ọ na-e mụbara 3767 hectare maka nchekwaba na ịmụ oge ochie arrays fir na spruce na elu osimiri. Sulom na ebe mmiri na riiji. Dịtụ mgbe e mesịrị, dị na-ebute ọdịmma nke mmiri Kirovgrad nnọọ ịrịba ebe (banyere 400 hectare) a kpọfere idei mmiri nke na-esite Sulomskogo. Nke a na ebe a predominantly anọchi anya melkotravnymi plantings hvoschovymi na-adọ mmiri ebe Pihto-spruce na birch ogologo-aconitic. N'otu oge ahụ dị ka ụgwọ Visimsky Biosphere Reserve natara si Forestry Nevyansky 400 hectare n'ihi na ọtụtụ akụkụ amaala, mgbe echebekwa magburu onwe, fern-ogologo na-amaghị nwoke fir-spruce.

nchedo ọchịchị

The ebe gburugburu idobere nke nche mpaghara bụ otu ebe 66 100 hectare, nke ahụ bụ 5 ugboro ukwuu karịa nke ebe Biosphere idobere. Na ókèala nke eke mpaghara nke mmachibido iwu ịkụ azụ, ịchụ nta, nakwa dị ka ụfọdụ mgbochi ọhịa management, ya bụ, na-arụ ọrụ a ọkọlọtọ ọtụtụ nke nchedo ọchịchị. Ha na-mkpa karịsịa maka kwesịrị ịrụ ọrụ nke nnukwu na nta mammals, ebe obibi nke na-achọ a pụtara nnukwu ohere. Ke adianade do, ke mbubreyo December 1983, ụfọdụ ndị ọhụrụ mgbochi osisi na-echebe ebe ọchịchị e ẹkenam, nke na-na-ekesa ke ofụri ebe Sulomskogo esite efere. Nke a dị mkpa karịsịa maka Medvezhka River. Ọ na-aga site dum ókèala ndị Biosphere idobere. All ọzọ osimiri na ọdọ na-emi odude n'èzí, ha ọdọ mmiri ruo ugbu a na-eje ozi dị ka akụrụngwa bases maka oké ọhịa ugbo.

eke ncheta

Na Visim idobere, na mgbakwunye na nke pụrụ iche eke Okirikiri, e nwere ọtụtụ eke ncheta. Tụkwasị n'ịbụ ndị na ugbu a, na nchọpụta nke ncheta zubere "Mountain Uhie" na "kreenu apiti." Visimsky Reserve nkiri nke na-ekesa ofụri n'ókèala, na-agụnye ihe ndị dị ka "primeval ọhịa nso obodo. Large Ghalashki", "The ochie nkume", "nkume pine ọhịa na osimiri. Notihe", "ịgba ọtọ na p. Sulom" " nkume. "

fauna

Visimsky idobere, ebe ụmụ anụmanụ na-akasị ndị nnọchiteanya nke apịtị mpaghara, a pụrụ nnọọ iche ebe. Na ókèala nnọọ ala na-eche badgers, hares, munsu, nkịta ọhịa, martens, squirrels na aja aja na anụ ọhịa bea. Jụụ na udo na ọnọdụ nso n'osimiri, ị nwere ike mfe ịchọta ihe otter na wolf ma ọ bụ lynx. Ha na-mara na-ebu na ọrụ nke oké ọhịa orderlies. Ugbu a, na Biosphere Reserve na-arụ ọrụ iwekota ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mammals na isi ebe obibi. N'etiti anu-ufe nke idobere Visim nọọkwa grouse, capercaillie, nwa grouse, nakwa dị ka a ukwuu nke songbirds. The nesting oge na ìhè ọhịa na weere deciduous ụdị gosiri karịa ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nesting nnụnụ. N'ọtụtụ ebe, e nwere mgbe a green finch na warbler. Mgbe atọ ndị yiri nkata ọrụ e kpughere nnọọ a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị ọhụrụ so ụmụ anụmanụ, dị ka European biva, mink, ebinta na larịị ọhịa boar, nakwa dị ka ọtụtụ ọhụrụ umu nke shrews.

The isi ụdị nke game mammals

N'ihi acclimatization na Shali district, nke e nwere na 1975, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke European biva amụbawo budata, na n'etiti afọ 70s. ha bi na ngwa ngwa banye n'ime p. Sulom, ntụgharị ozugbo n'onwe ya Visimsky Reserve. Na 1979, mgbe registration, 7 niile nke anụmanụ ahụ hụrụ na a bi na nke banyere 25 nnochite anya. Marten prefers na-ebi a zoro ezo n'akụkụ nke idobere, mgbe mgbe, na ime ọhịa ebe, ike ya bụ karịa 20-25 mmadụ. Lusk, n'aka nke ya, na-edozi na ihe na-emeghe ebe - ahịhịa ndụ jupụtara na-ekpocha oké ọhịa na onu. N'ihi ya, ermine prefers nkume mkpọmkpọ na akwụkwọ, na cluttered osimiri ndagwurugwu. Fox na Biosphere Reserve izute ịma aka. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ọ ga-hụrụ tinyere oké ọhịa glades na birch ọhịa ke edere edere na ọwụwa anyanwụ nke idobere. Ewi mgbe, emen na ìhè birch na Aspen ọhịa, tinyere akọrọ ugwu mkpọda. N'oge okpomọkụ, dum na-echebe ebe Nature Reserve pụrụ ịchọta metụtara nke ebe-obibi-6-8 aja aja bea. Ha na-aga nke ha ọgbà ke akpa ọkara nke April, na-edina azụ ụra n'etiti October. A, obodo bea bụ omnivorous, ma e jiri ya tụnyere East Siberia ikwu ha ike-atụle anaghị eri anụ. Ejegharị ejegharị na ókèala nke eke mgbagwoju, i nwere ike ịhụ na-akpọ bear "table" - emebi ndanda na ebu akwụ.

atụmatụ nke odida obodo

Territory Visimsky idobere nke mejupụtara na n'elu oké nkume nwere ike kere atọ n'akụkụ dabere: n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ (Sutukskuyu), Central (Kuligskuyu) na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ (Sulomskuyu). Nke ikpeazụ na-anọchi anya ugwu na steeply sloping teren na nwere a dịtụ ala elu (350 - 400 m n'elu oké osimiri larịị). The akụkụ nwere elu - na n'ebe ụfọdụ esịmde foothills nke 473 m. Ma n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nkebi nke idobere e ji typical ugwu efe, kacha elu na-eme ememe na Mr. Big Sutuk (659 m). Isi akụkụ nke odida obodo na-anọchi anya ugwu. Ha na-mma na nkerisi riiji nke Middle Urals. Ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Visimsky Biosphere idobere - Large, obere na wayo utu Sutuki na ugwu - iso nke crystalline intrusive nkume isi ma acid magma, nke na-egbochi ha weathering na emebi. Ebe a bụ nkenke ihe Visimsky Reserve. Olee iru eke ebe? Ke ofụri ofụri, ụzọ nwere ogologo Ekaterinburg 120 km. Ruo mgbe obodo Visim kwesịrị ịnọgide na-Serovskaya tract.