Zaramagskiye HPP: mkpa na-ewu

Zaramagskiye GES bụ nke ọdụdụ na South Osisha cascade ụgbọ. Ha na-wuru ke n'elu esịmde ugwu osimiri na Adọn Kassarskom akpiri. Aha ya bụ na ụgbọ ndị a n'ihi na ha nọ nso n'obodo nta bụ Lower Zaramag. Feasibility nke ewu nke a dị mgbagwoju a ghọtara na n'ụzọ bụ isi n'ihi na oge South Osisha na-enwe nnukwu ụkọ ọkụ eletrik.

A obere akụkọ ihe mere eme

Wuru Zaramagskiye HPP malitere na 1976. Otú ọ dị, isi nke cascade ebe e tinyere n'ime ọrụ naanị na 2009. Nke abụọ ihe Zaramagskaya HPP-1, n'oge bụ na ndị na-ewu ogbo. Gbochiri ewu ụgbọ cascade na osimiri Adọn, nakwa dị ka ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ yiri ihe, ọ bụ na 90s nke ikpeazụ nke narị afọ. Isi ihe kpatara ya bụ na enweghị nkwado ego.

Feasibility nke ewu

The nhazi nke ndị na-ewu nke ndị a ụgbọ bụ a nkwonkwo-ngwaahịa ụlọ ọrụ "Zaramagsky HPP" - enyemaka ụlọ ọrụ "RusHydro". The mkpebi na unfreezing nke ihe a na e mere ka ụlọọrụ na-edu ndú ná mmalite nke 2015 Ikwere South Osisha, mgbe erection nke ụkọ ọkụ eletrik ga-belatara si na 80 ka 30% na mba.

New oru ngo ịrịba E mere mgbanwe ndị na ebe imewe. Karịsịa, ndị injinia kpebiri budata belata elu nke dam na esite olu. Ná mmalite, na iju mmiri ahụ na mpaghara nwere nnukwu ebe nke ala oru ubi e kụrụ. Ọzọkwa, otu onye ga-bugharia ọtụtụ ndị si n'obodo nta na ọbụna ole na ole obere obodo. Mgbe mmejuputa iwu a ngo, dị ka nke kacha omimi nke esite bụ naanị 30 mita, ọ dịghị ógbè idei mmiri rikpuru bụghị.

feasibility ọmụmụ

The iche nke cascade n'ime obodo nke Lower Zaramag ụgha bụ na eziokwu ahụ bụ na n'ebe a osimiri Adọn n'elu 16 km emepụta a echiche ọjọọ dị ukwuu dị ka 700 mita. Ọnọdụ ndị dị otú a pụrụ ịkpọ a n'ezie ezigbo maka eke a hydroelectric mgbagwoju na nweta atụmatụ. N'elu ẹkụre nke ewu nke HPP-1 cascade ngụkọta ikike 352 MW. N'ihi ya, mgbagwoju ga-kasị ibu South Osisha.

Zaramagskiye wuru hydroelectric ike ebe ke toughest gburugburu ebe obibi na ọnọdụ. Oru ngo a ụgbọ na-agụnye ọtụtụ ihe ọhụrụ ma dị mgbagwoju oru ngwọta. Mgbe nyere nke mgbagwoju, n'ihi na ihe atụ, ga-ndị kasị ibu RF isi. Ke adianade do, ọ na-zubere ịnapụta ndị kasị dị ike na mba, ịwụ-ụdị haịdrọlik tobaim (HPP-1). Ọzọkwa na ebe ọ ga-gwuru fọdụrụ n'ezinụlọ ntoonu tunnels, mmiri si headend na GES-1.

Company "Zaramagskiye HPP"

Nke a nta nke ịbụ ndị ahịa nke ndị na-ewu ogbo, e guzobere May 10, 2000. Ya isi ụlọ ọrụ na-dị na: Moscow Building Itie, 7a, Bldg .. 5. Ọzọkwa, nkewa nke ụlọ ọrụ na e, n'ezie, na ọtụtụ n'ime North Osisha - Alania. Address "Zaramagsky HPP" abụọ office: Vladikavkaz, ul. Pervomayskaya. 34. The isi ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ bụ mejuputa oru-elekọta n'oge ndị na-ewu ogbo. CEO nke ụlọ ọrụ Vitaly bụ Totrov.

Gịnị bụ nweta circuit

Stations nke ụdị na-wuru na ebe osimiri bed nwere a ọkpụrụkpụ nchepụta, na ya mere ndị na-ewu nke mmiri e gbochiri egbochi egbochi a nnukwu ego akpọkọtara mmiri. Iji dozie ọnọdụ ahụ, na-eji a pụrụ iche na atụmatụ maka owuwu. Na nke a, mbụ wuru na osimiri dam na-esite na-ndokwa. Na ya n'aka-ụlọ nke hydroelectric ike ojii na-nọgidere na-enwe waterways. Adịbeghị anya na-edozi na a nta mkpọda (ihe ndị ọzọ na-etinye karịa eke N'ezie). N'ihi ya, mmiri na-ọnọ ụlọ nnọọ nnukwu HPP n'okpuru nsogbu a bukwanu elu, nke na-enye ohere ka ukwu dịkwuo ike nke ojii.

nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi

Ọ na-chere na Zaramagskiye HPP, mkpa na-ewu nke nke, dị ka ndị na Soviet si elekọta ihe, doro anya, ọdịdị Kassarskogo akpiri dịghị onye ga-enwe mmetụta. Oke nnukwu ebe nke dị mkpa maka aku na uba nke Republic, mgbe ndị na-ewu nke mmiri e gbochiri egbochi, dị ka na mbụ kwuru, e nwere idei mmiri. The ego nke ala ubi na gburugburu ya na-ewu na-fọrọ nke nta na-ebelata.

N'oge mgbe Lower Zaramag amalite ewu nke HPP cascade ka anya, ngo nwere ọtụtụ ndị na-emegide. Karịsịa, ọ na-adịghị ya mma na-ewu nke ebe, ama ecologist B. Beroev. Ma mgbe na-eme ngo agbanwe ọkà mmụta sayensị ya chere na ndị na-ewu hydropower osisi agbanweela radically. Dị ka B. Beroev, ẹsụhọde elu nke dam si 79 ruo 39 m, na omimi nke na-esite n'aka 70 na 30 m belatara wetara gburugburu ebe obibi mmetụta nke HPP ka a ezi uche kacha nta.

Ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ekwuola na mgbe ndị na-ewu ụgbọ nwere ike na-ata ahụhụ Tibskoe ịnweta mmiri na isi mmalite nke Nara ìgwè na Kudzahta. Otú ọ dị, mụụrụ audits gosiri na ihe ọ bụla na-ezighị ezi mmetụta na-ewu nke hydropower osisi ndị a bara uru eke saịtị agaghị.

ebe nnyocha

N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi na-na, n'eziokwu, maka owuwu nke a dị mkpa eweta maka aku na uba nke Republic nyere green ìhè, ndị na-emegide ha ahapụwo a otutu. The isi nnyocha nke ebe bụ iji hụ na ọ na-wuru na a seismic mpaghara - ke nkwụsị nke atọ tectonic mmejọ. Nchegbu nke ọtụtụ oru Ngo a kọwara nnọọ. N'echiche ha, ihe bụ nnọọ ize ndụ (Zaramagskiye HPP). The mberede, akpan akpan itunanya dam n'oge ala ọma jijiji ga-eduga imebi ihe dị ka mbibi nke obodo Adọn na Alagir, nakwa dị ka niile obere ógbè dị n'etiti ha. N'ihi ya, ọ tara ahụhụ karịa 75 puku. Man. Ọzọkwa na ikpe nke mmiri itunanya ga-eme ka irreparable imerụ agafe Kassanskomu akpiri Ossetian Military Road, na ọtụtụ ihe dị mkpa mere na mgbe ochie saịtị.

Otú ọ dị, imewe engineer ebe ọha òtù-adịghị na-na-akpata nchegbu. Dị ka ha na-emesi obi ike, a draft ogbo nke mere na ya Ọdịdị nwere ike mfe idi ala ọma jijiji ruo 11 ihe. The afọ nke dam na akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke HPP imewe ụkpụrụ ọbụna ubé n'elu. ọha na eze na-akpata nchegbu banyere ẹdude microcracks na mkpọmkpọ na pụtara n'oge ọtụtụ ala ọma jijiji n'oge oyi ụgbọ, imewe injinia na-agbalị ẹbọhọ. Dị ka ha, hydroelectric dam bụ na a na-eju afọ ọnọdụ.

nka

Zaramagskaya ngo ogbo, nke bụ a ahịa nke "Zaramagsky HPP", tupu ọ malitere itinye n'ọrụ, n'ezie, na-agafe niile dị mkpa inspections. Mkpebi maka erection ojii natara site na:

• Ministry of Mmanụ na Energy nke Russian Federation;

• Gosgortechnadzor na Russian Federation;

• Glavgosekspertizy;

• MOE Osisha;

• EMERCOM of Russia.

Ọzọkwa, ihe ndị niile ule a nwalere na N'ezie nke ọha gaara na mmanụ ụgbọala Committee, Housing na Energy North Osisha-Alania, na òkè nke ndị nnọchiteanya nke Public Chamber.

Headend: ọnụ ọgụgụ

N'elu ẹkụre nke ọrụ Zaramagskaya HPP ga-abụ ihe kasị dị ike ná mba ahụ. Omimi Kassarskogo aṅụju nọ n'ógbè-ewu ojii bụ 1000 m. The ọdịda n'ime osimiri ebe a bụ nnọọ nnukwu. The itinye n'ọnọdụ nke isi HPP ya catchment ebe bụ 552 ^km2. Ọnụego nke eruba nke osimiri na mpaghara ebe a esịmde 2.5-3.5 m / s.

Mmiri e gbochiri egbochi ojii nwere a kacha elu nke 39 m nke ogologo ya bụ 300 m, obosara ke ukot - .. 330 m Net ikike hydroelectric esite bụ 0,5 nde cubic mita ^3. Ya kacha omimi -. 30,6 m ebe iju mmiri ọwara na-emi odude ekpe n'usọ osimiri. Adọn. Ọ bụ iji ihapu 938 m ³ / s mmiri.

The ike ụlọ na-emi odude nri akụ, na anọ na-setịpụrụ rotary tobaim diski oche. Na dayameta nke ya impeller bụ 3.5 m, na arọ ya bụ tọn 30. Generator ojii ST 565 / 139-30 UHL4 chụpụrụ tobaim, ndapụta a voltaji na 15 MW. Eletrik na-agafere si haịdrọlik unit na ike nkesa ngwaọrụ 110 kV. N'ihi ya, na nke ugbu a na-aga na abụọ ike edoghi na substation "Zaramag" na "Nuzal". Pressure ọwara №1 HPP nwere a cross ngalaba nke 7.3 x 7 m na a ogologo nke 674,29 m.

Statistics on GES-1

Construction nke abụọ ogbo nke ihe dị ka nke 2016 na-now-abịa na njedebe. N'oge na-adịghị a ndepụta nke ihe ndị kasị mkpa na ulo oru ụlọ ọrụ dị na South Osisha ga-esonye ẹdude Zaramagskiye HPP. Zaramagskaya HPP-1 bụ isi ehiwe nke mgbagwoju na na ẹkụre ga-emepụta nnukwu nke na ọkụ eletrik. Ụlọ a na-emi odude na ihe na nzuzo.

Mmiri site na isi ojii na ụlọ nke HPP-1 ga-enye free-eruba ntoonu tunnels. Mbụ, ọ na-azọrọ na e jikọrọ ọnụ n'ime a pụrụ iche ọdọ mmiri kwa iwu. Dị ka ọtụtụ ndị na South Osisha, a n'ezie ikpọ ngo bụ "Zaramagsky HPP". BSR ọdụ, n'ihi na ihe atụ, ga-a olu nke 270.000 m³. Oru ngo ahụ ndị na-abụghị nsogbu ntoonu ọwara ogologo bụ 14.226 m.

Building HPP-1 bu n'obi-onwem na abụọ haịdrọlik nkeji na-arụ ọrụ na a isi nke 619 m. The dayameta nke tobaim wheel ga-3,345 m. Ọzọkwa, abụọ generator CB 685 / 243-20 173 MW ike ga-arụnyere na ụlọ. The ike nke a voltaji nke 15,75 kV aga na nkesa (230 MVA), na n'ihu - na dispenser (330 kV). Issuance nke ya ga-enwe abụọ ike edoghi ka n'ikuku center "Alagir". Hydroelectric ike headend mgbe ndị na-ewu Zaramagskaya HPP-1 tụlee 10 MW.

ọgwụgwụ

N'ihi ya, Zaramagskiye HPP bụ, n'ezie, dị nnọọ mkpa maka aku na uba nke South Osisha ihe. ụkọ ọkụ eletrik nwere ike budata belata ha. Na mgbe ị na-atụle na mbụ oru ngo-a gbanwetụrụ ka belata ọjọọ mmetụta na gburugburu nke mba na nke kacha nta, na-ewu nwere ike na-ahuta ka a okwu nke ezi uche na ziri ezi.