Bronchiectasis

Gịnị bụ bronchiectasis, ọrịa mgbaàmà ndị ọzọ mbipụta ga-atụle n'isiokwu a. Bronchiectasis egosi ọnụnọ ke akpa ume nke bronchiectasis (pathologically gbanwere na enwekwukwa ọkara na obere bronchi). Agbasapụ, n'ụdị ha yiri cylinders. Na ihe gbanwere bronchial osisi bụ fọrọ nke nta mgbe ewetara ihe mmewere nke mbufụt. The enweghị nchịkwa usoro a na-emekarị metụtara nanị akụkụ ụfọdụ n'etiti na ala lobes nke ngụgụ.

Bronchiectasis bụ ọgwụgwụ N'ihi nke a congenital anomaly bronchial owuwu (bronchial ọdịda cartilage anụ ahụ fibrosis, Kartagener si syndrome), oké oyi baa ma ọ bụ bronchitis na e zigara na nwata. The akpata ọrịa nwere ike ịbụ a ọnụ na-echebe mmeghachi omume nke bronchial osisi na dịghịzi usoro (gamma globulin erughi na phagocytic ọrụ et al.), Nakwa dị ka ndị ọzọ na oké ụdị ọrịa ahụ.

Bronchiectasis na ọdịdị nwere ike isi ma ọ bụ nke abụọ. The akpata isi bronchial deformation bụ na-emekarị congenital nkwarụ anụ ahụ mmepe nke na-eweta ndim nke bronchial membranes. An nhata emee sputum esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile na, mmọdo, isonyere abụọ ọrịa. Secondary deformation emee ya ruru ka ọ bụla nsogbu bronchial drainage ọrụ (ọtọ ma ọ bụ organic). Presence nke a mgbe nile na-adịghị ala ala mbufụt akpata n'ichihịa nke bronchial mgbidi.

Bronchiectasis hụrụ Ugboro ụkwara na expectoration nke purulent sputum. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ndị okenye na bronchiectasis enweghị exacerbation ime hemoptysis. Ị nwere ike ịnụrụ na isiike ume mgbe wheezing exacerbation iru mmiri okike. N'ihi na ndị ogbenye gas mgbanwe na akpa ume mgbidi ahụ, onye ọrịa bụ na mgbe niile hypoxia. Otu nke e ji mara ya bụ mpụga ngosipụta nke a mgbanwe nke mkpịsị aka ka drumsticks , na ntu efere. Ha yiri hour iko.

The nchoputa na-enyere ule onye ọrịa, na-achịkọta mkpesa. On obi X-ray ụkpụrụ anya cylindrical uji eze, akpa ume atelectasis na Mbelata ke size. N'oge exacerbation nke anya anụ ahụ infiltration. Modern achọpụta ọrịa ụzọ ekwe n'ụzọ ziri ezi chọpụta na ọnọdụ nke ọrịa na-enweghị nchịkwa na usoro. Ndị a ụzọ na-agụnye kọmputa tomography, egbu bronhografii na iche. Ọ na-eji dokwuo anya njupụta nke usoro na ịchọpụta na eme nke ọgwụ na ahụ ike ma ọ bụ ịwa ahụ ọgwụgwọ.

Bronchiectasis, ọgwụgwọ na prognosis nke ọrịa

Ọgwụgwọ na-adabere na njupụta nke ọrịa usoro, ugboro ole na ogo nke exacerbations. Nzube nke ọgwụgwọ bụ normalize ma ọ bụ ka mma drainage ọrụ. Iji mee nke a, iji bronchodilators. Ha na-enye a ngwa ngwa dilatation mmetụta, na-ewepụ wheezing na ụkwara ume ọkụ ọgụ, normalizing gas mgbanwe. Bronchodilators na-eji ụdị aerosols maka inhalation. Họpụtara ndị expectorant ọgwụ ọjọọ. Onye ọrịa dị mkpa izere hypothermia, oké ibu, n'ebe allergens na-efe efe. Enweghị exacerbation ọ bụ obligatory kụziere ume omume. E nwere a set nke omume na-eme ka ahụ ahụ, akụkụ okuku ume mọzụlụ, mma nrugharị nke ọbara na activates metabolism. Ịhịa aka n'ahụ obi na ịme ọpịpị (postural drainage) akwalite mma drainage. N'oge exacerbation siri ike na-arụ ọrụ sputum bronchial idebe eji a bronchoscope. Exacerbations na-emeso na ụlọ ọgwụ.
Ọ bụrụ na ọtụtụ ọnya nke multiple agba ma ọ bụ òkè, hypoxia, ịwa ahụ na usoro ọgwụgwọ gosiri. Ọ na-rụrụ na-enwechaghị bronchiectasis na-eto eto afọ.

The ọrịa, na ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ekwesị, na-adọ ime ihe na-agwọ nke cavities, ọtụtụ mgbe, nwere a mma prognosis.