Dimethyl ether - dịkọrọ ndụ mmanụ ụgbọala maka dizel engines

Esters of - nkwekọrịta nke alcohols, na ụmụ irighiri ihe nke nke a hydrogen atọm nke ihe OH otu a nnọchianya on a carbon buu. N'ihi na-ahụkarị Ester metamerism na isomerism hydrocarbon yinye.

hydrocarbon yinye isomerism bụ ruru ya branching.

Metamerism - ụdị isomerism na nke abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa esters nwere a yiri molekụla usoro ma iche iche molekụla Ọdịdị n'ihi na dị iche iche radicals na abụọ nke oxygen "akwa". Ka ihe atụ, ndị molekụla usoro kwekọrọ na atọ S4N10O Ester:

- CH3-O-Kra (CH3) 2;

- CH3-O-C3H7;

- C2H5-O-C2H5.

Ndị bekee na-kwadebere synthetically, gụnyere dimethyl ether. The usoro a compound na-anọchi anya abụọ methyl radicals, nke bụ interconnected oxygen "akwa".

Ọ ga-kwuru na ọdịdị nke esters na free ala adịghị ime. Dimethyl na methyl ethyl esters, - aputa. The ọzọ ole na ole na-anọchite anya - mmiri mmiri, mgbe elu esters - solids. Ha dị nnọọ ka ogbonye soluble na mmiri, nke ọma na organic solvents. Nkezi nnochite (dipropyl, propiletilovy diethyl) - mkpa organic solvents. Physical Njirimara ndị a organic ogige iche iche dabere molekụla arọ.

Dimethyl ether Nkwadebe nke

Na-akọwa a umi bụ ngwa ngwa soluble n'ime mmiri, ethanol, diethyl na dipropyl ether. Nke a Ester a nwetara n'ihi akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ na methanol ka a byproduct nke mmepụta nke methanol si CO na H2. Ji na friji na usoro dị ka a refrigerant.

Na n'ọdịnihu dị nso, dizel engines ga-agafere bụghị na gas, na dimethyl ether. Ndị dị otú ahụ a nwughari nke ha na-eri bụ ihe dị ọnụ ala karịa tụnyere ntughari ka eke gas. -Eduga ná mba na mmepụta nke a engines bụ US, Russia na Japan.

Ná mmalite narị afọ nke 21, Russia ọchịchị kpebiri na ojiji nke ọzọ fuels na ụzọ iga. Dimethyl ether na-eji na gwongworo. Ndị dị otú ahụ a buu mkpebi e mere n'ihi na eziokwu na umu anwuru nke nitrogen ogige si dizel engines arụnyere na gwongworo, n'ime guzosie ike ókè ọtụtụ ugboro. Dimethyl ether bụ ezigbo maka ụdị engine, ha fọrọ nke nta na-adịghị mkpa ka a reconstructed. Nani site na ojiji nke ọhụrụ ọzọ mmanụ ụgbọala ọhụrụ kwalite engine ruru larịị nke Euro-3 ebe obibi.

Ọchịchị gburugburu ụwa nwere obi ike na-eme n'ọdịnihu mmanụ ụgbọala maka dizel engines bụ dimethyl ether. Taa ọ bụ a umi na-emepụta tumadi site anụcha eke gas. Ke akpa nkebi nke usoro lends onwe ịgbazigharị eke gas, si otú na-amị a njikọ gas. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ na-converted n'ime methyl mmanya. Ọzọkwa amenable methanol akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ, si otú inweta dimethyl ether. E nwere ihe ọzọ usoro njikọ nke kwuru Ester - kpọmkwem akakabarede nke njikọ gas na methanol.

Esters tụnyere mmanụ dizel nwere ya uru na, n'ezie, ọghọm. Na Ọdịdị nke Ester ụmụ irighiri na-efu "carbon-carbon" nkekọ. N'ihi na bukwanu oxygen ọdịnaya ọ na-enye ezi atomization site n'ịgbanye ikuku gburugburu ebe na a okpomọkụ t elu esi umi ya. Ndị a ji mara mma combustion. Site n'iji ihe a ọzọ mmanụ ụgbọala mbelata engine mkpọtụ, ọ enwekwu pụrụ ịdabere na ya.

Isi ọghọm a Ester gụnyere ala calorific uru ma a ala njupụta. All a na-eduga onye na-abawanye na mmanụ ụgbọala oriri. Na okwu a dị nnọọ ogbenye n'ígwè Njirimara.