Fractures nke radial ọkpụkpụ a typical ebe: a nkọwa nke mgbaàmà na àgwà nke ọgwụgwọ

Mgbaji ọkpụkpụ akpọ ọkpụkpụ mmebi, nke na-ewe ya na ele mmadụ anya n'ihu na-ezu iro nke ya ike n'ezi ihe n'okpuru mmetụta nke a na-akpasasị uche na-akpata. Fractures nke radial ọkpụkpụ a typical ebe - nkịtị daa ọrịa na trauma ọgwụ. N'ezie, ya mere, ọ na-nyere na "na-ekwu okwu" aha. Karịsịa nkịtị mmerụ nke distal òkè, onye na-emi odude nso ka ahịhịa.

mmewere

Nọmalị, na aka na-kpụrụ site ọkpụkpụ abụọ nke bụ ihe yiri ka ọ bụla ọzọ, na okirikiri na ulna. Ha nwere ike ime ka adiana banyere a ogologo ma ọ bụ longitudinal axis, dị ka n'etiti onwe ha jikọọ site abụọ ibughari nkwonkwo na akpụkpọ ahụ:

1. N'ikpere aka na nkwonkwo. Ọ na-agwakọta ọkpụkpụ na n'ókè nke njikọ ahụ ubu.
2. Interosseous akpụkpọ ahụ. Dị na mbara n'etiti okirikiri na ulna, e nwere ọbara arịa na irighiri akwara kpọbata ndị na ogwe aka. Ke adianade do, ọ bụ ụdị splitter maka ụfọdụ nke aka uru.
3. Nkwojiaka nkwonkwo. Ọ nwere akwara na jikọọ na okirikiri na ulna.

Dị ka a otu Ọdịdị, aka na-agụnye ọ bụghị nanị na ọkpukpu, kamakwa ka ụdọ, njikọ, akwara, ọbara arịa na irighiri akwara.

Ọkpụkpụ na nkwonkwo

Ebe ọ bụ na okirikiri na ulna bụ tubular, mkpa ịmara na ha mebere atumatu iji mma ịghọta nkọwa nke fractures. Ya mere onye ọ bụla ogologo tubular ọkpụkpụ nwere:

1. Epiphysis - ọkpụkpụ mgbasa nke e guzobere na nkwonkwo n'elu. Ọ na-kpụrụ a porous ogbo-dị ka ihe onwunwe na e dere red ụmị ọkpụkpụ.
2. Metaphysis - a obere akụkụ nke ọkpụkpụ, nke bụ peculiar na ngwa ngwa cell nkewa. Ọ bụ ekele ya na anyị na-eto eto.
3. Diaphysis - isi dlinnik ọkpụkpụ. Nke a bụ a oghere tube wuru nke oké okwu. Inside ọ bụ odo ụmị.

N'elu bụla kpuchie a tubular ọkpụkpụ periosteum, nke na-azụ ndị isi ihe onwunwe, ọ na-enye ndim na ya nwere a ukwuu nke akwara endings. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ọ bụ na nke a mma na-enyere aka ịchọpụta fractures, ọkpụkpụ n'ihi na o nwetaghị ihe mgbu anabata.

Nkwonkwo bụ nanị abụọ, kama ha bụ structurally mgbagwoju, dị ka a kpụrụ atọ ma ọ bụ karịa ọkpụkpụ:

1. Ikiaka nkwonkwo - kpụrụ radial, ulnar na humeral ọkpụkpụ pụrụ ịrụ flexion, ndọtị na adiana nke mmachi njupụta.
2. Nkwojiaka nkwonkwo - nwere na ala nke nke okirikiri na elu Ahịrị nke carpal ọkpụkpụ. Nso nke ngagharị bụ sara mbara nke ukwuu.

uru

a nnukwu ego nke muscle mkpa iji hụ na ndị dị otú ahụ a dịgasị iche iche nke mmegharị. Na anyị mkpa ha na-nnọọ mkpa, ma n'otu oge siri ike na supple. All na uru nke aka na-ekewa n'ime:

1. flexors: ndokwa na a n'ihu elu nke aka. E nwere elu elu na nke miri emi. Gwara n'ókè na ha - na ala ọgwụgwụ nke na humerus, na n'ókè nke ije - na carpal ọkpụkpụ na phalanges. Ha ọrụ bụ ka flexing nkwojiaka na mkpịsị aka.

2. mgbatị: odude ke n'azụ elu nke aka. Maka na ndọtị n'aka na mkpịsị aka. mgbakwunye ihe ha bụ otu.

3. The uru na bugharia aka: hụrụ n'etiti okirikiri na ulna ọkpụkpụ.

All muscle iche iche na-adị nnọọ mara na nwere a ogologo, na mkpa akwara na-agabiga ahịhịa. N'ihi ya, na obere unan aka ezu ike mmebi ruru muscular mmegharị ozu akwusila motility.

Arịa na irighiri akwara

Aka ngafe nnukwu ọbara arịa, ọdịda nke nke na-eduga a ngwa ngwa ọnwụ nke ọbara na oké ahụhụ maka organism. Nke a alaka nke brachial akwara, nke na-kewapụrụ na mpaghara nke cubital fossa na okirikiri na ulna.

The mbụ na-enye ike uru nke aka na aka na mkpịsị aka si n'ọbụ aka aka gị. Ọ bụ ya palpable usu dọkịta.

Nke abụọ bụ a yiri ákwà. Ọ na-enye ọtụtụ alaka, nke na-ghọọ akụkụ nke muscle fascia ma zụọ ha. Ọ Nleta a miri emi ọbara aak ahịhịa.

N'akwara na aka, nakwa dị ka n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke ahụ, kewara n'ime elu elu na nke miri emi. Dị ka ya aha, na mbụ na-abịa kpọmkwem n'okpuru anụ, mgbe ikpeazụ na-esonyere otu aha veins.

Innervation bụ site aka brachial plexus. Si ya wezuga sensory na moto alaka. The kasị ibu nke ha na-ewere na ulnar akwara (nke akara flexor na medial akụkụ nke n'ọbụ aka aka gị), radieshon (maka flexor) na etiti (aka na ụkpụrụ nke ahịhịa).

Na ụdị na fractures

Akwụkwọ physics N'ezie mara na mgbaji ọkpụkpụ na-egosi na ebe oké ike mee. Ma nke a na-akpata naanị ezughị. Ọ dị mkpa ka n'ihu ibelata na ọkpụkpụ ike na a anya mgbe nke kinetic ume ngwa. Ụkpụrụ a bụ ihe ndabere maka nhazi ọkwa nke niile ụdị fractures.

1. Enweghị nchịkwa. Mgbe a ike eduzi ndị ọkpụkpụ, bụ ala, ma n'ihi na nke ala ike na ọ ka na-agbaji. Nke a bụ n'ihi na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa (Crystal nwa syndrome), metabolic ma ọ bụ endocrine ọrịa, na ịza aza etuto ahụ ibu n'ibu. Mụbara fragility nwere ike a na-egosi na afọ ole mgbe ndị agadi, isi calcium-site metabolism.
2. Akpasasị uche. Mgbe ike dị ukwuu karịa osisi ike nke ọkpụkpụ njupụta. Dị ka a na-achị, nke a bụ na ya pụta nke ihe mberede, ihe mberede okporo ụzọ, egwuregwu unan. N'oge ọdịda nke mmadụ bu pụta ụwa na-eme aka ya, na-agbalị iji chebe ihu ma ọ bụ obi, na dum igbu dara na n'aka na aka.

Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ, na-akpasasị uche fractures ime ihe mgbe mgbe, ha na-ọzọ dị ize ndụ, dị ka a N'ihi ya, na mgbakwunye na ọkpụkpụ, nwere ike mebiri emebi ọbara arịa, irighiri akwara, uru ahụ. Nnọọ elu n'ihe ize ndụ nke nkwarụ.

Na usoro nke guzobere fractures bụ:

1. Cross - mgbe ike etinyere perpendicular na axis nke ọkpụkpụ.
2. Skew - ntụziaka nke ike bụ na ihe n'akuku. Nwere ike ibili dị ka kpọmkwem mmetụta na ozu, ma na na udiozi.
3. Helical - ma ọ bụrụ na ọkpụkpụ na-gụrụ ike adiana na a ofu onye ọgwụgwụ. Ihe atụ, n'oge ihe mberede.
4. Longitudinal - mgbaji ọkpụkpụ akara bụ ihe yiri ya na dlinnik ọkpụkpụ. Na-emekarị na-egosi mgbe ike ịpịsi na mmetụta na a masịrị ihe oké elu (korota, ala).
5. Comminuted - e nwere ihe karịrị abụọ ọkpụkpụ rifọrọ, ọ dịghị anya akara nke mgbaji ọkpụkpụ.
6. Mmetụta - eme mgbe na-ada site na a elu. ike direction gbatịrị tinyere longitudinal axis nke ọkpụkpụ, na mgbe mgbaji ọkpụkpụ iberibe "na-agụnye" otu onye ọzọ.

Ọ bụrụ na ọ bụla nke ndị a unan nwere ike ịkwaga ebe ọzọ ihe ọkpụkpụ iberibe na adụ anụ ahụ trauma. Ma radial ọkpụkpụ mgbaji ọkpụkpụ na-ahụkarị ebe-emekarị na-enweghị obere iberibe.

E nwere ihe ọzọ nhazi ọkwa, na-egosi ogo mmebi nke anụ. Ọ na-aghasasị niile fractures n'ime oghe na mechiri emechi. Open dị ka ọ ga-abụ ihe ezi uche dị na ya iche na-emebi akpụkpọ, na ọkpụkpụ iberibe nwere ike hụrụ na gba ọtọ anya. Ha ndị dị ize ndụ n'ihi na elu likelihood nke emerụ ọrịa, na ịrịba ọbara na ọnwụ. Mechiri emechi fractures nwere a mma N'ezie na adịghị ekwurịta okwu na mpụga na gburugburu ebe obibi.

orunótu

Nsogbu dọkịta na-awa, ebe ọ maara ebe fractures ime ọtụtụ mgbe, ike kpomkwem ịchọpụta ihe ọjọọ. Ya mere:

1. The nke ebe isi na olu nke na okirikiri, na nso nso n'ikpere aka na nkwonkwo. Guzobere ọdịda na ọ gbatịrị agbatị aka.
2. Diaphysis nke okirikiri - eme mgbe oké ike na-etinyere. Ọtụtụ mgbe jikọtara na a mgbaji ọkpụkpụ nke ulna.
3. Mgbaji ọkpụkpụ nke radial ọkpụkpụ a typical bụ ebe atọ sentimita si ahịhịa. Ọ na-adị na dobe nke a kpebisiri ahịhịa na ogwe aka si ogologo. More nkịtị na ndị inyom ndị tọrọ n'ihi postmenopausal osteoporosis.
4. Mgbaji ọkpụkpụ na na eze nke isi nke ulna.

mgbaàmà

O doro anya na ndị isi ụmụ mmadụ mkpesa, chọpụtara na a ọkpụkpụ mgbaji ọkpụkpụ na-ahụkarị ebe, adịghị si dị iche na ndị na saịtị ndị ọzọ nke mebiri, ma ọ bụ uru na-elekwasị anya na ihe mgbaàmà.

N'ihi ya, a ọrịa na mberede ụlọ ga-mkpesa nke mgbu na ebe ọjọọ, kawanye njọ site na ịpị na ije. Echeta ndiiche agagharị nke mebiri emebi ogwe aka, ma ọ bụrụ na e nwere a Ndahie nke ọkpụkpụ iberibe ma ọ bụ na-agbasa nku. N'ihi na nke ọkọ ga-hụrụ ozizi nke aka na mgbaàmà mmajijiji. Mmebi nke nnukwu arịa mgbe kwuru a hematoma. Ọzọkwa, mgbe ihe ọjọọ nwere ike anya ma ọ bụ instrumentally kpebisiri ike shortening (n'ihi Ndahie nke ọkpụkpụ iberibe) nakwa dị ka a mgbaàmà crepitations (crunch) mgbe agbali-achọ ileba ihe ọjọọ. Mechiri emechi mgbaji ọkpụkpụ nke radial ọkpụkpụ a typical ebe e ji deformation na defiguratsiey nkwojiaka na ndiiche ekwe ma ọ bụ idozi ahịhịa, Ndahie nke ọkpụkpụ iberibe na a mebiri nke nkwojiaka enyemaka.

nchọpụta nsogbu

Ọ mejupụtara ọtụtụ nkebi:

1. Nghoputa (mkpesa usoro ọjọọ, a akụkọ ihe mere eme banyere ndụ na ahụ ike).
2. Nnyocha (ụcha akpụkpọ ahụ, ọnụnọ nke a mmiri mmiri n'okpuru ya, usu, ogo mebiri na pathologic n'ezinụlọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike mmegharị na mgbaji ọkpụkpụ saịtị).
3. Radiography (Fig merụrụ ahụ N'ịdị abụọ projections).
4. Linear na kọmputa tomography (eji na-esi ike karịsịa mgbe, iji kpochapụ njehie nchoputa ma ọ bụ kwadebe maka reconstructive ịwa ahụ).
5. Angiography (mere iji zere mmebi nke ihe nile nke aka).

mberede

Ebe ọ bụ na radial ọkpụkpụ mgbaji ọkpụkpụ na-ahụkarị ebe ndị ezi ọsọ, ọ bụghị n'ekpere ikwu okwu banyere mbụ enyemaka.

1. Jide n'aka na-kpọọ ụgbọ ihe mberede.
2. Ịtụ ndị N'ịdị dị ukwuu dị ka o kwere omume iji gbochie Ndahie nke ọkpụkpụ iberibe.
3. Gbakwunye oyi na mgbaji ọkpụkpụ site, ma echefukwala kechie a mpempe ice na a towel zere oké oyi.
4. Aṅụ analgesic.

Ọtụtụ mgbe e nwere a mgbaji ọkpụkpụ nke ndị ziri ezi radial ọkpụkpụ a typical ebe, dị ka a n'aka ọrụ ọtụtụ ndị. Man instinctively agbalị echebe ya ma ọ bụ dabere na-merụrụ ahụ. Ma echefula na mgbaji ọkpụkpụ nke ekpe radial ọkpụkpụ a typical bụ ebe na-ekwe omume (dị ka nri na-eme aka na-eme aka ekpe). Ọ niile na-adabere na ọnọdụ. Ya mere, ndị dọkịta na-ekwesịghị ida-amụ anya.

ọgwụgwọ

Na isi nke ọrịa, dị ka nke ọma dị ka ndị ọzọ, bụ Immobilization nke aka na ụkwụ na ihe mgbu enyemaka. N'ihi nke a, ndị imposition nke nkedo ma ọ bụ splint, oriri nke ahụ mgbu. Ma ọgwụgwọ nke radial ọkpụkpụ mgbaji ọkpụkpụ na-ahụkarị ebe anaghị akwụsị ebe ahụ. The aja a chọrọ ka ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa megide tetanus, nyere ọgwụ nje na immunoglobulins ntọt ahụ na-eguzogide (karịsịa bara uru na-emeghe fractures). Yi gypsum-aga n'ihu na 2-2.5 ọnwa. Ịwa aka nwere ike ịdị mkpa ma ọ bụrụ na e nwere nsogbu.

nsogbu

Ọ dịghị onye bụ dịghịzi si nsogbu ọbụna mgbe ndị dị otú ahụ a ot onu nke mgbaji ọkpụkpụ okirikiri na a typical ebe. Nsogbu a na-ahụrụ site ọzọ na-achọpụta ọrịa nzọụkwụ. Ndị a gụnyere:

• emeghe mgbaji ọkpụkpụ;
• ọzọ mgbaji ọkpụkpụ nke ulna;
• ọnụnọ nke na eze ma ọ bụ subluxation;
• a ịrịba mgbanwe rifọrọ;
• akwara mkpakọ ma ọ bụ mmebi ọbara arịa;
• enweghị nchịkwa mgbaji ọkpụkpụ;
• multisplintered mgbaji ọkpụkpụ.

mgbake

Nzọụkwụ na-esonụ ama okodorode na gypsum - fizioprotsedur ogologo usoro, nke a chọrọ maka mweghachi nke ọrụ nke aka na aka. Nke a na-emekarị emee 2-3 ọnwa mgbe nchoputa "mgbaji ọkpụkpụ nke radial ọkpụkpụ a typical ebe." Ghara ịgbanwe dị oké mkpa maka ike na muscular etiti aka na ụkwụ na gradual mgbake ya agagharị mgbe ogologo oge Immobilization. Isi ike nwere ike ibili na ndị agadi, ọrịa na-arịa ọrịa shuga mellitus, mkpọchị imeju, akụrụ, na-ebelata ọgụ.

Fractures nke radial ọkpụkpụ a typical ebe - nnọọ nkịtị na-eme nchoputa na mberede ụlọ, ma nke a daa ọrịa dịghị abụ obere mkpa ma ọ bụ maka dibịa ma ọ bụ ndidi.