George Cross 4 degrees: akụkọ ihe mere eme na atụmatụ nke coinage

George Cross 4 degrees e dị ka ndị kasị elu award, nke-asọpụrụ ndị òtù nke ala n'ohu-ndi-agha nke Russian Alaeze Ukwu. Ọ bụ ọdịda naanị onwe onye obi ike n'ọgbọ agha. N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na nke a award ama karịa narị afọ abụọ, ya ugbu aha - St. George si Cross - ọ natara otu mgbe. Ọ pụtara na na 1913 na nnwapụta nke emelitere ndokwa nke Order of St. George.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke omume

Ke ufọt ufọt February 1807, o bipụtara N'atu Manifesto, nke akọwaputa decorations. Ọ bụ ya ka e mesịrị renamed George Cross. Na 1833, n'oge ọchịchị nke Nicholas m, e nwere mkpa ịmụta a ọhụrụ ụkpụrụ nke St. George si Order. Ọ nwere ọtụtụ innovations banyere enọ obe agha mejupụtara. Ka ihe atụ, ugbu a na-anọchi anya na-isi usu ụgwọ ọrụ nwere ike agha na ndị isi iche iche housings. Nke a simplification nke usoro nke ukwu facilitated award onwe ya, ma ọ fọrọ nke nta ka tutu amama ụdị nile nke n'usoro iwu igbu oge.

The ọzọ ọhụrụ - kacha-abawanye na-akwụ ụgwọ ndị agha ma na-abụghị ọrụ ndị isi, nakwa dị ka nri na-eyi obe nke St. George na a ụta. Nke a dị iche a kpọkwasịwo ọdịdị nkewa enọ na ọtụtụ ọkwa.

The mbụ award, ẹkenam ke 1807, agukọtaghi. Nke a ndudue malitere idozi nanị mgbe afọ abụọ mgbe ha kpebiri ime ka a ndepụta niile Cavaliers. N'ihi na nke a award nwa oge jide wee depụtara. Ya mere kpọmkwem, a maara na e nwere ndị 9937 mbipụta. N'ihi nke a, na ugbu a ị ga-achọpụta onye nọ na-enyefe onye ma ọ bụ nke ọzọ George Cross (ọkwa 4). Site ọnụ ọgụgụ na ụdị font dị mfe iji chọpụta oge ka nke award. Na mbụ World nọmba enyefe obe karịa 1 nde, otú ahụ reverse mesịrị medallions na elu ray kwesịrị designation 1 / M.

obere nkọwa

George Cross 4 degrees pụtara naanị na March 1856, mgbe ọnọdụ nke Order of St. George n'ihu mgbanwe e mere. Ná mmalite 1 na ọkwa 2 e mere nke gold, na ndị ọzọ na abụọ - ọlaọcha. Dị ka ụkpụrụ na-akwụghachi ụgwọ ga-erukwa sequentially. Ke adianade do, onye ọ bụla nke degrees nke ya akpan akpan Nọmba e mepụtara, na n'ihi kwukwara visual iche ọbụna ụta mere nke St. George rịbọn.

Mgbe ọtụtụ nke awarding agha maka dike ọrụ ke Turkish War of 1877-1878 stampụ na e ji Mint coinage, e kpebiri iji kwalite. N'ihi nke a Medalist A. A. Grilihes mere mgbanwe ụfọdụ ka onyinyo nke obe. Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ndị a ókè nwetaworo ọdịdị, nke ọbọhọ ruo 1917 mgbanwe. Akara ọgụgụ nkwurịta okwu. George emelitere na medallions ibu ihe ndị ọzọ okwu.

ùgwù

The ọhụrụ iwu nke 1913, ihe ndị ọzọ nyere, na ndụ nkwere. Ya mere ọdịda nke George Cross 4th ogo natara 36 rubles, na mbụ - na-ama 120. Na nke a, ndị nwe ọtụtụ enọ ụgwọ ma ọ bụ ụgwọ ezumike nká na-abawanye ma kasị elu dị iche. Knights nke Cross of St. George 4 degrees, na dị nnọọ ọdịda a iche nwere ọtụtụ ihe ùgwù, dị ka a machibidoro iwu itinye ha kopora ntaramahụhụ.

n'ichepụta atụmatụ

Ugbua na April 1914, e nwere obe nke St. George 4 degrees nke ọhụrụ sample. Ịtụ ha Mint debara aha na ọdịda nke 1913. Ha na-zubere maka nnyefe ka sonyere ndị agha njem ndị mmadụ merela na ókè-ala-nche. Ebe ọ bụ na July 1914, bụ mgbe mbụ World, na Mint malitere Mint ihe ndị ọzọ obe. Iji expedite usoro mbụ ji mee ọbụna ndị medallions na ha ka nọ na Japanese agha. Naanị n'ime afọ mbụ ndị agha zitere 1.5 puku obe mbụ puku ọzọ 3 - .. nke abụọ, 26 nke -. The atọ na nke anọ kasị n'ọnụ ọgụgụ ego - 170 puku akwụkwọ ..

N'ihi sharply ụba ina ndị George Cross si dị oké ọnụ ahịa ọla na nke siri ike ọnọdụ akụ na ụba na mba ke ini utọ 1915, e kpebiri iji belata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke gold samples eji maka ndị a na nzube, otú ahụ elu ogo agha decorations e mere nke a pụrụ iche alloy. Na ya mejupụtara ya nwere naanị 60% ọcha gold.

Malite site October 1916 ma na-eme oké ọnụ ọla akwụsịwokwa inye si alloy eji imewe nke niile na-enweghị isịneke, Russian enọ. Site ugbu a, na George Cross 4 degrees ama minted naanị site nickel ọlaọcha na-acha uhie uhie ọla, ya ụzarị ndị letters: BM - a na-acha ọcha metal, na LM - odo. Tupu mgbanwe nke 1917. The obere ọchịchị kwere ka inye a award dị ka ndị agha na ndị ọrụ nche, na nke ikpeazụ na teepu na-pinned a laurel alaka.