Gịnị na-coking coal na ebe ọ na-eji

The abawanye na mmanụ ahịa na search maka ọzọ ume na isi mmalite bụghị naanị mere ka mmepe nke nkà na ụzụ ọhụrụ, ma na-aṅa ntị ọzọ, ọ na-erughị bara uru akụrụngwa - coal. Ihe kacha mkpa ụlọ ọrụ na-coking coal. Gịnị bụ uru na ya, na ebe ọ na-emepụta - na-depụtara na isiokwu a.

Gịnị bụ coking coal

Nke a coal, site na nke na ọnọdụ nke coking Coke enweta a ụfọdụ ike na size. Ọ na-anọchi anya bara uru nke ukwuu maka ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ike ina na ọtụtụ ọrụ. N'ihi ya, coking coal dị ka isi mmanụ ụgbọala eji na steelmaking na ume.

Coking icheku si dị iche na ndị ọzọ icheku Njirimara nkwaghari a plastic ala na sinter n'elu ikpughe na okpomọkụ na-enweghị oxygen.

Mejupụtara coking coal

Coking coal bụ na itinye ụdị na unfortified ji a ala ash ọdịnaya (erughị 10%), a ala ọdịnaya nke obodo mmiri (15 na 37%) na sọlfọ (erughị 3.5%). E jiri ya tụnyere ndị ọzọ ụdị coal, coking icheku nwere a elu combustion okpomọkụ ma na ji a ala ọdịnaya nke adịghị. The ruru nke mmiri na dị iche iche ihe coal ego nwere ike iche ubé. Ọ dị ezigbo mkpa na-atụle na usoro nke coking. Ya mere, bụchaghị kpebisiri ike site ya mejupụtara, coking, sintering omume na ndị ọzọ na-egosi na nhazi nke coal. Na ókèala nke bụbu Soviet Union maka coking coal eji ndị a na ụdị:

• Site - Coke.
• F - abụba.
• G - gas.
• OS - otoschenno-caking.
• SS - silnospekayuschiesya.

coking usoro

N'okpuru gosiri coking usoro nke n'ịtụgharị coal na Coke. Ọ mejupụtara ọtụtụ nkebi. Na mbụ ogbo nke nkwadebe nke coal coking. Gbazere coal na-ground na-etolite a pụrụ iche ngwakọta - ngwakọta. Na nzọụkwụ ọzọ na-rụrụ coking. Ọ na-adị na pụrụ iche ụlọ nke Coke oven gas iji kpo oku. Kwadebere ụgwọ enịm na oven ruo awa 15 ebe niile a rụrụ na-azụ okpomọkụ na 1000 Celsius C. Dị ka a N'ihi nke a usoro a na-enwetara site na "Coke achicha."

Coking technology n'oge nke iri abụọ na narị afọ, ọtụtụ ihe agbanwewo, nke kwere mmepe nke ọhụrụ coal ego na ya.

Ọ na-eme atụmatụ na ihe 10% nke zuru ụwa ọnụ, na mmepụta nke coal carbonization usoro-ewe ebe. Nke a na-emesi ya ọnụnọ nke a elu ulo oru ina coking icheku.

Gịnị gosiri ọdịiche ndị coking na thermal coal

Onye kasị ukwuu uru na ụlọ ọrụ na-enye coking coal, nke a na-eji dị ka usoro mmanụ na ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ndi nke aku na uba. Dị ka ihe atụ, n'ihi na-agbaze ígwè. The isi mma na ọdịiche na coking coal na ike - n'iru vitro. Nke a ash akụrụngwa nke coal, nke na-hiwere site decomposition nke osisi na-anọghị nke oxygen. Vitrain Njirimara na-ike-agbazekwa na sintered n'okpuru elu okpomọkụ. N'ihi ya, carbon microparticles na-glued n'ime otu siri ike uka. The ukwuu ịta vitro elu àgwà nke coking coal.

Ihe kasị ibu nke fusible umi dị na coal dị stampụ: Coke, Gas, ọdụdụ, otoschenno-caking na coking abụba.

akara nke coal

Na ọdịdị, na e nwere ọtụtụ di iche iche nke coal nke dị iche technical mejupụtara, na-egosi sinterability obodo mmiri. Coking coal adabara nanị ole na ole na ụdị. Ma, ọ bụghị ha niile bụ ndị kwesịrị ekwesị n'ihi na sintering na a dị ọcha ụdị. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ị mkpa ka ịgbakwunye ụfọdụ mmiri. Ya mere, e nwere ndị na-esonụ akara ule nke coking coal:

1. Site - Coke. Na nke a coking coal ọkwa-enwetara dị ọcha ụdị oyi Metallurgical Coke. N'ihi na elu mma coal kwukwara maka ndị ọzọ ụdị - obi ike ma ọ bụ gas.
2. QL - Coke ọdụdụ. Ọ nwere mma coking, bụ-eji nweta Coke enweghị agbakwunye ọzọ akara ule nke coal. The mejupụtara nke ọdụdụ Coke coal nwere ruo 30% nke obodo mmiri. Echiche vitrain - 1.3%. Ọkpụrụkpụ nke plastic oyi akwa bụ 18 mm. Ọ dịghị Coke quality mgbanwe kwere na mgbakwunye na nke stampụ ka 20% CS, OS, na ko.
3. Ko - Coke otoschenny. Ọkpụrụkpụ nke oyi akwa bụ 10-12 mm, na echiche vitrain - ruo 1%. Dị ka a na-achị, a ika na-adịghị mee naanị, ma naanị na njikọ na LCD na combustible coal.
4. SPE - Coke caking nizkometamorfozny. N'oge sintering nke ụdị coal Coke kpụrụ keosusu ala ike, n'ihi ya, ọ na-bụ-eji maka sintering na ndị ọzọ akara ma ọ bụ na-emepụta sịntetik gas.
5. Cop - Coke caking. Ọkpụrụkpụ nke plastic oyi akwa bụ 9 mm. Ọ ji ala sinterability. CS ọkwa coal Coke na-eji dị ka ụlọ ọrụ emaciated akụrụngwa. Ọzọkwa ọ na-eji ụfọdụ ebe nke mmepụta maka stratified combustion.
6. GC - gas Coke. Mgbe carbonization mkpụrụ ọma Coke gwakọtara, ma na ala n'ibu ike. sintered ngwaahịa na-adị mfe iche n'ime obere iberibe. A, gas coal na-eji na mixtures na ndị ọzọ coking icheku.

Sintering atụle ihe kasị mma maka ndị dị otú ahụ akara coking coal: obi ike, caking, gas, otoschenno-caking na coking dị ọcha ụdị. Ha na-ebu ndị kasị nta ego nke adịghị na ha nwere a elu ductility.

Fields nke ngwa

Isi nzube nke coking coal - ulo oru mmanụ ụgbọala. N'oge combustion nke coking coal ewepụtarịrị nnukwu ichekwa okpomọkụ. N'ihi ya, nke a mmanụ ụgbọala mgbanye okpomọkụ bụ 470ºS. Ma na-ere - abụghị naanị ụzọ wepụ bara uru Njirimara nke a ịnweta. E nwere ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ ndi nke aku na uba nke na-coking coal mee ihe n'ụzọ dị irè. The ojiji nke a eke akụ na ulo oru na usoro na-enye ohere iji nweta ya ụzọ, molybdenum, zinc, germanium, sọlfọ, gallium na ndị ọzọ chemical ọcha. Industrial ngwa na-ala n'iyi na coal ụlọ ọrụ. Ya mere, ha na-esichara na Refractories na Abrasives. Ọzọkwa na-ala n'iyi na-emepụta ụlọ ihe.

Na ngụkọta, na mmanụ ụgbọala na-mere si nkume n'elu 300 iche na ngwaahịa. Kol eji dị bụ isi ihe maka mmepụta nke carbon na graphite bughi ọcha vysokoazotnyh asịd nke na-eji nri. Irè ngwa ndị bekee nke na-tọhapụrụ n'oge coking usoro. N'ihi ya, n'oge na-akọrọ distillation nke coal tar kpụrụ na amonia mmiri. Ha na-recyclable.

Ọzọkwa, na usoro nke coking na-ekenyela gaseous ngwaahịa, nke nwere benzene, phenol, toluene na amonia. Ha na-a isi iyi nke ọzọ nri.

Mmịpụta nke coking coal na Ukraine

Coking coal na Ukraine na tumadi etinyere Metallurgical ụlọ ọrụ. N'ihi ya, na nchara ụlọ ọrụ akụkọ ihe 90% nke ngụkọta ina ụdị mmanụ ụgbọala. The Ngwuputa ụlọ ọrụ na-enye ndị mba coking coal esịtidem ahịa naanị 60%. Ndị fọdụrụ 40% of coal iwesa dị. Isi soplaya coking coal na Ukraine bụ Russia.

Na-adịbeghị anya, na-abawanye na ina mba ọzọ ngwaọrụ na mba. Nke a bụ n'ihi na a ọnụ ke anụ ụlọ mmepụta. Ọzọkwa, ina anụ ụlọ akụrụngwa dara ruru ka Mbelata ya àgwà, dị ka ígwè mills ike iji coal na a elu sọlfọ ọdịnaya.

Na Ukraine, na coking coal emepụta efere: Donetsk, Lvov-Volyn, Dnieper. The ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị ukwuu nke coal mee na-lekwasị ke Donetsk, Luhansk na Dnipropetrovsk mpaghara. N'oge, n'ihi na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị akwusighi nke coking coal na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Ukraine kwụsịtụrụ.

Kol mmepụta ke Russia

nnukwu coal ego na-dị na Russia. Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ, na mba ahụ bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ ebe ke ererimbot ke coal mee. More karịa 67% nke ha na coal. N'ime ndị a, 10% na-coking coal.

The Russian coking coal mined na ọdọ mmiri: Kuznetsk, Pechora, Yuzhno-Yakutsk, Donetsk na Kizel. The mbụ na nke abụọ ọdọ mmiri na-emepụta kol na kasị ukwuu ibu.

Mee nke coking coal na Russia bụ 47,3 ijeri. Tọn. Otú ọ dị, nanị akụkụ dị nta dị njikere iji. Na-adịbeghị anya, na mmepụta nke coking coal na Russia n'ogo nke 70 mln. Tọn kwa afọ. Nke a bụ iji na-enye ngwaọrụ, ulo oru ụlọ ọrụ ná mba ahụ.

Coking coal na-mined na Russia otu ebe ijeụkwụ. The uto nke coal mmepụta ga-ebe bụrụ na nke na-abawanye na ina ụdị ngwaọrụ mere site mmepe nke Metallurgical na yiri ụlọ ọrụ nke Russian aku na uba.

Atụmanya coking coal ahịa

Na-abịa afọ na Russian coal ụlọ ọrụ na-eche mgbanwe. Key ebe mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ ga-emetụ a vetikal usoro coal mmepụta. N'ihi ya, ọha iwu na-enye na nguzobe nke na-egwupụta coal na ndabere nke ike ụlọ ọrụ nke obere na-ajụ ikike. Ọ na-zubere iji wụnye akụrụngwa na coal na osisi, nke na-enye ohere hazie coal n'ime ọcha sịntetik fuels.

Banyere sales mpịakọta, ina coking coal na Russia ga-eto. Nke bụ eziokwu bụ na e wezụga ígwè ụlọ ọrụ Coke eji na-abụghị ferrous nkà mmụta banyere ígwè na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ ọrụ. N'ihi ya, na-emepụta 1 ton nke ezi ígwè kwesịrị banyere 0.4 tọn Coke. Ma ọzọ teknụzụ na ike dochie ya na ndị ọzọ uru akụ mgbochi ide.

zuru ụwa ọnụ na coking coal ahịa na ọnọdụ

Iji ụbọchị, ọtụtụ coal ụlọ ọrụ nke na mba niile n'ihu a nsogbu coking coal ahịa. Nsogbu a na-enwe nnukwu obodo na-enye Coke na ngafe ichekwa. Ọ na-a nnukwu mmetụta na ahịa nwere a ọchịchọ belata ahịa na-akwụ ụgwọ. Ọzọ nzukọ ọnọdụ n'esite na a ọchịchọ ígwè emepụta iji belata mmepụta-akwụ ụgwọ. Na Europe na na China, ina coking coal na-aga n'ihu na-eto eto, ma ọ bụ n'ihi na mmepụta nke elu ige. Edi ke ofụri ofụri, olu nke ịzụrụ nke ngwaọrụ na ụwa ahịa ọdịda.

A obere ka akawanye ọnọdụ ndị ike ngwaọrụ na US ahịa. Ma price anọgidewo na-ada n'ihi na ala ina ígwè. N'ihi ya, nke a nwere ike ibelata mmepụta nke coking coal na US na Europe.

Ma ndị ọkachamara na-ekwu a ịrị elu bubata nke ume onu ahia na India. On mbubata olu nke coking coal mba a kwubara atọ na ụwa.

na-eri nke ngwaọrụ

Na nke abụọ nkeji iri na ise nke 2015. hụrụ ọnụ ke ahịa maka coking coal. The ụwa isi ụlọ ọrụ na-enye ngwaọrụ na a price nke dị na 5-10% ala tụnyere ndị mbụ nkeji iri na ise. N'ihi ya, South African ụlọ ọrụ Anglo American enyewo Japan si coking coal bụ nke kasị mma maka 116 USD kwa 1 ton. The nkezi price maka 1 ton nke coking coal bụ 117 US dollar.