Na-ede uri nke Pushkin si gburugburu: aha, ọrụ

1810-1830-ies. atụle Golden Age of Russian uri, nke enweta bukwanu nka unen ke ihunanya oge. Oge a nwere ike n'enweghị akpọ mmalite nke okike okè nke mba akwụkwọ. Central ọgụgụ nke uri usoro na 1st atọ nke narị afọ nke 19 bụ Pushkin. The mbụ orú arọ na iri na a na-akpọ Pushkin oge. Around ede uri grouped ọtụtụ dere, mgbe ụfọdụ nọgidere na ha onwe ha ọrụ nke ndebeolu na ide, ebe ndị ọzọ si ṅomie Aleksandru Sergeevichu na kpụrụ na-akpọ Pushkin si gburugburu na-ede uri.

The generality nke edemede nkà

Ụfọdụ anụmanụ na-akpakọrịta na-ede uri adịghị n'oge ahụ. Na-ede uri nke Pushkin si gburugburu, a ndepụta nke na-agụnye aha dị ka Vyazemsky Baratynsky, asụsụ, Delvig ndị pụrụ iche na onye, na ya pụrụ iche olu. Ha bụ, otu ụzọ ma ọ bụ ọzọ, na ọrụ ya akpata oyi n'ahụ bụ poems nke Pushkin, ma na-adịghị-na mmekọrita ya a ebutere ọnọdụ, mgbe ụfọdụ, na-arụ ụka na chere na ya, na mgbe ụfọdụ dị iche ya nghọta nke nsogbu na odidi nke uri. Ukwuu n'ime, ọ bụ peculiar asụsụ na Baratynsky. Onye ọ bụla na-ede uri, na-eru nso Aleksandru Sergeevichu, gbalịrị n'otu oge chebe ha ihe onwe ha n'aka ya.

Nso, ndien, bụ a obodo nke na-ede uri? N'agbanyeghị na ha na dị iche iche in-a me aka dere, yiri echiche na ụwa-àgwà na n'ụwa si ele ndị na-ede uri nke Pushkin si gburugburu. Message na isiokwu, site ụzọ, na-emekarị jụrụ kwadebe ụmụ akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ na klas, otú isiokwu a ga-enye aka nne na nna nyere ụmụ ha aka na oru omume. Ya mere, ihe niile na-ede abụ uri Pushkin galaxy kweere na uri - nkà nke kwekọrọ, na-eweta kwekọrọ na mkpụrụ obi mmadụ. Na oge nke iru újú na iru uju ndị mmadụ na-mbịne uri, na ha na-ahụ udo. Harmony of Pushkin si gburugburu na Ya mere na-ewere a ụdị ideals na ụkpụrụ nke dispensation nke ụwa, na uri - onye nlekọta nke a ezigbo.

Denis Davydov

Nke a bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị onyinye-ede uri, mara na 1810-1830-ies., Nwere mbụ uri ihu. Hussar Denis Davydov - predpushkinskogo ọgbọ na-ede uri, mepụtakwara a nkpuchi-adịghị atụ ụjọ aghara warrior na n'otu oge ahụ, a etikwasị nwoke nwere mmasị nwoke oriri oké mkpọtụ. The Russian agha lyrics na dị iche iche n'ihu, Davydov kwuru ya na-arụ ọrụ a ọhụrụ okwu. O mepụtara atuhiworo, energetic atarịta ibe ha arụ amaokwu ahụ na-emekarị nkọ aphorism. The kasị ama kere nke na-ede uri bụ ndị na-esonụ: "edemede na ndụ Denisa Vasilevicha Davydova," dere na genre nke autobiographical prose, na a akụ na ụba nke eziokwu ihe memoirs.

Pushkin kwetara na ọ mụtara ọbụna site Davydov, gbalịrị iṅomi ya 'na-agbagọkwa nke amaokwu. " Otú ọ dị, na ndụ n'ezie Alexander emeghị eyi masks, na nọgidere onwe ya, nwere ike ghara kwuru banyere Denis Vasilievich, onye na ndụ ghọrọ na-agbalị ihe oyiyi a etikwasị hussar na-ede uri jikọrọ ya na ya.

Konstantin Batyushkov

Na-ede uri nke Pushkin si gburugburu, poems nke e dere na genre nke romanticism, na-na-na okike usoro lekwasịrị anya n'ọrụ nke Russian dere. Mgbe niile Batiushkov kpọrọ otu n'ime ndị ọsụ ụzọ nke Ihunanya ije na akwụkwọ. Okike ya ketara mejupụtara poems, akwụkwọ ozi na prose isiokwu. Konstantin Batyushkov banyere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Russian akwụkwọ bụ isi dị ka onye nnọchiteanya nke "ìhè amaokwu", nke bụ na Davidov, na Bogdanovic, na Pushkin. Nke a na-emekarị ụbọchị laghachi n'ọdịnala anacreontic style mgbe n'amaokwu ẹkwọ ọṅụ nke ịhụnanya, enyi, n'ime nnwere onwe na ndụ n'ozuzu ya.

Peter Vyazemsky

The na-ede uri were onwe ya a na-ede uri nke oge anyị, ma ọ bụrụ na n'oge ọrụ, ọ bụ na nkwekọrịta oge o biri ndụ, mgbe 1837 reinterpreted eziokwu na ọ na-ahụ na-adịghị mma akuku-ya, na-na-ahụkarị na-gara aga. Own aka Vyazemskij toro dị ka ọdachi nke a onye na-adịghị chọrọ na ọ bụghị ike na-ebi ndụ dị na ụkpụrụ ndị ahụ ya na ha ji mara ya na narị afọ.

Dị ka ndị ọzọ na-ede uri nke Pushkin si gburugburu, ọ hụrụ ya uri myirịta nke ọdịbendị na omenala nke Alexander. Abụọ nke na-ede uri bụ nnọọ nso, na ọbụna Vyazemsky Pushkin raara ọrụ. Ha abụọ ndị nketa nke narị afọ nke 18, na nwata imbibed a ịhụnanya nke mere na ihe ọmụma. Na ọrụ ya Denis Vyazemskij gravitated na omenala uri iche: ndị melancholic elegies, nnwere onwe-n'anya ode, akụkọ ifo, ilu, didactics na Satire.

Anton Delvig

Dị ka ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ na-ede uri nke Pushkin si gburugburu, na-ede uri Aleksandrom Sergeevichem ghọrọ enyi ya-eto eto. Ha zutere n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, na enyi Pushkin kọwaa n'ihu na aesthetic na edemede ọnọdụ Delvig. N'ọrụ ya, ọ na-akwalite ihe oyiyi nke na-ede uri dị ka "a na-eto eto sloth", uwe classic romance Genres. Anton Delvig stylized oge ochie ndị Gris na Rom uri nha na shapes, na na ya lyrics ịmepụtagharịa nhazi n'ụwa oge ochie, ebe mara mma na kwekọrọ eze. Ya na osise nke na-ede uri mere na genre nke anthological poems na idylls.

Nikolay Yazykov

The creativity nke na-ede uri site ụda na ọdịnaya dị nnọọ iche. Na asụsụ akwụkwọ ka a na-ede uri, ọ banyere na-amụrụ na ndị o kere eke a na ụdị aha. Ọrụ ya na-ewetara mmetụta nke sweet obere nwa, infantilism. Na-ede uri nke Pushkin si gburugburu aghọta Nikolaya Yazykova otú nso nso a na nwa na-enweghị ike imeli ize ndụ aghụghọ na pranks. Agbanye nke nta enyi, Pushkin tiri mkpu, sị: "Olee otú i na otú ị shalish nnù" Asụsụ na-aṅụrị ọṅụ nke ohere na ikike, otú ya okwu otú eke exclamatory ndebeolu, ukwu okwu, na oké oku.

Ná mmechi

N'ezie, ke ibuotikọ anyị adịghị depụtara niile na-ede uri nke Pushkin si gburugburu. Nke a galaxy buru nnọọ ibu, na na mgbakwunye na ndị ahụ e kwuru n'elu, na-agụnye Zhukovsky Kuchelbecker, Krylov na ndị ọzọ. Uri eke na-ede uri na-arụ ọrụ n'otu oge dị ka Aleksandrom Sergeevichem, ghọrọ usoro dị iche iche. Ụfọdụ weere na edemede arena ọbụna tupu ya (atụ, Denis Davydov) na creatively mepụtara onwe nke "anyanwụ nke Russian abu", na na mgbe ahụ sonyeere ya gburugburu. Ma niile na-ede uri nke Pushkin si gburugburu - iso na ha dịkọrọ ndụ - jikọtara otu ihe: ha kere ọrụ ha na oge na ẹkenịmde n'okpuru ihe ịrịba ama nke Pushkin.