Nagorno-Karabakh. The akụkọ ihe mere eme na ọdịdị zuru oke nke esemokwu

Nagorno-Karabakh na South Caucasus region na-akpọ, bụ iwu ókèala Azerbaijan. Mgbe oge nke ndị Soviet ida e pụta a agha esemokwu, dị ka Armenian mgbọrọgwụ nwere ọgụgụ ka ukwuu nke bi Nagorno-Karabakh. Ihe kachasi mkpa nke ndị agha bụ na Azerbaijan na-eme ka on n'ókèala a na-ziri ezi chọrọ, ma ndị na mpaghara yikarịrị ka Armenia. May 12, 1994 Azerbaijan, Armenia na Nagorno Karabakh nwere ratified ndị protocol, a truce, dị ka a N'ihi dugara adabere n'ihe ụfọdụ ceasefire na esemokwu mpaghara.

Patrimony

Armenian akụkọ ihe mere eme na isi mmalite na-ekwu na Artsakh (ochie aha) e mbụ e kwuru banyere nke Asatọ na narị afọ BC Ọ bụrụ na anyị kwenyere na ndị a na isi mmalite, ndị Nagorno-Karabakh bụ akụkụ nke Armenia na oge nke n'oge Middle Ages. N'ihi ya, Turkey na Iran agha mmeri na ihe a oge nke a ịrịba akụkụ nke Armenia bịara n'okpuru nke mba ndị a. Armenian isi, ma ọ bụ isi, n'oge ahụ dị na ókèala nke oge a na-Karabakh, ẹnịm ọkara onwe ha ọnọdụ.

My echiche, Azerbaijan ewe n'okwu a. Dị ka obodo na-eme nnyocha, Karabakh bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị ochie akụkọ ihe mere eme na mpaghara nke mba. Okwu Azerbaijani "Karabakh" na-sụgharịrị dị ka ndị a: "gara" pụtara nwa na "ebe" - a na ubi. Ugbua na XVI na narị afọ, tinyere ndị ọzọ na anāchi achi Karabakh bụ a akụkụ nke Safavid ala, na mgbe ahụ ghọrọ otu nọọrọ onwe ha khanate.

Nagorno-Karabakh n'oge nke Russian Alaeze Ukwu

Na 1805 na Karabakh khanate e subordinated na Russian Alaeze Ukwu, na 1813 site na Treaty nke Gulistan na Russian bịara na Nagorno-Karabakh. Mgbe ahụ, Turkmenchay nkwekọrịta na nkwekọrịta kwubiri na Edirne, mepụtara resettlement nke Armenia si Turkey na Iran, na ịtụkwasị ha ndị dị n'ókèala nke Northern Azerbaijan, gụnyere Karabakh. N'ihi ya, ndị bi na nke mba ndị a bụ ọkacha mma Armenian malite.

Dị ka a akụkụ nke USSR

Na 1918, na-achịkwa Karabakh bụ a ọhụrụ kere Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan. Fọrọ nke nta n'otu oge, na-ekwu megide Armenian Republic, ma ndị a ADRs ekwu ebe a na-adịghị aghọta. Na 1921, ndị Nagorno-Karabakh n'ókèala na sara mbara obodo kwụụrụ na ikike na-esịne ke Azerbaijan SSR. Mgbe afọ abụọ gasịrị, ọ na-enweta ọnọdụ nke Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (NKAO).

Na 1988, Board of Deputies nke Nagorny intercession ndị ọchịchị nke Azerbaijani SSR na Armenian SSR Republics na obụp nyefee ụka n'ókèala Armenia. Nke a na arịrịọ e nyere, nke mere na obodo ndị Nagorno-Karabakh AO ife nke mkpesa. Ngosi ịdị n'otu mụụrụ na-na Armenia.

nkwupụta nke onwe

Na n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1991, mgbe ndị Soviet Union ama malitere ịda iche na Nagorny Karabakh Autonomous Region nakweere Nkwupụta, nke kwusara Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. Na na mgbakwunye na Nagorno-Karabakh ya mejupụtara ya ghọrọ akụkụ nke ókèala nke mbụ Azerbaijani SSR. Dị ka ihe nke referendum, ẹkenịmde on 10 December nke otu afọ na Nagorno-Karabakh, ihe karịrị 99% nke ndị bi na tozuru oke maka nnwere onwe zuru ezu site Azerbaijan.

O doro anya na ndị ọchịchị nke Azerbaijan a referendum a nabataghị, na mkpọsa nke emume onwe ya mara dị ka iwu na-akwadoghị. Ọzọkwa, Baku kpebiri kwusi obodo kwụụrụ nke Karabakh, nke ọ nwere na Soviet ugboro. Otú ọ dị, na-ebibi usoro esesịn a malitere.

Karabakh esemokwu

N'ihi na nnwere onwe nke ndị breakaway Republic guzo Armenian agha bụ ndị nwara iguzogide Azerbaijan. Nagorno-Karabakh natara nkwado si ukara Yerevan, nakwa dị ka mba n'Ógbè Ndị Juu ná mba ndị ọzọ, otú ndị agha jisiri chebe mpaghara. Otú ọ dị, Azerbaijani ọchịchị ka jisiri iru-achịkwa ọtụtụ ebe nke e mbụ kwuru akụkụ nke NKR.

Onye ọ bụla n'ime agha ọzọ na-eduga ná ya stats weere na Karabakh esemokwu. Atụnyere ndị a data, anyị nwere ike ikwubi na ruo afọ atọ showdown gburu 15-25 nde mmadụ. The merụọ ha agukọtara agukọta dịkarịa ala 25,000, ihe karịrị 100 ọtụtụ puku ndị nkịtị na-amanye ka ha hapụ ebe obibi.

udo mmezi

Mkparita uka, mgbe ndị ọzọ na-agbalị iji dozie esemokwu n'udo, malitere ihe fọrọ nke nta ozugbo onwe-akpọsa NKR. Ka ihe atụ, September 23, 1991 a nzute, na-aga site na isi nke Azerbaijan, Armenia na Russia na Kazakhstan. N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke 1992 na OSCE otu e guzobere iji dozie Karabakh esemokwu.

N'agbanyeghị mgbalị nke mba uwa kwụsị ọbara, a kwusi-ọkụ ọkụ bụ naanị ke ini utọ 1994. Ise nke May na isi obodo nke Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek Protocol e banyere, mgbe nke ndị sonyere kwụsịrị ọkụ mgbe naanị a izu.

Nnọkọ Oriri na Ọṅụṅụ ndị agha enwebeghị ike na-ekweta na ndị ikpeazụ ọnọdụ nke Nagorno Karabakh. Azerbaijan achọ akwanyere ya ọbụbụeze na-ekwuputa na-echebekwa ya territorial ike n'ezi ihe. Na-ebute ọdịmma nke onwe onye na-kwusara Republic echebe Armenia. Nagorno Karabakh anọchi udo mkpebi nke ese okwu, Republic nke ọchịchị na-ekwu na ndị NKR bụ ike na-ebili n'ihi onwe ya.