Pancreatic homonụ - ndu uru.

pancreatic ọrụ. Endocrine ọrụ nke pancreas e mere site pụrụ iche mkpụrụ ndụ nke na ntakịrị àgwàetiti nke Langerhans - α-, β-, D- na F-ụdị. Mkpụrụ ndụ nke ọ bụla n'ime ndị a na ụdị secrete ụfọdụ homonụ àgwàetiti nta β-mkpụrụ ndụ na-emepụta insulin, α-mkpụrụ ndụ - glucagon, D-mkpụrụ ndụ - somatostatin, secretin na pankreogastrin, F-cell hormone-dị ka bekee na-synthesized (na lipokain vagotonin). Ya mere, otu ihe dị mkpa ngwa ahụ na-agụnye ụkpụrụ nke metabolic Filiks, bụ pancreas. Homonụ, synthesized a gland-emetụta ihe nile ụdị nke metabolism ke idem. Insulin meghere LV Sobolєv na 1902. Ke ufọt ufọt narị afọ nke 19 guzobere hormone Ọdịdị na ya njikọ na-emepụta.

Pancreatic homonụ: insulin. Zaa nke free insulin na-imeju mkpụrụ ndụ, muscle na connective anụ ahụ. Insulin emetụta niile ụdị mgbanwe: protein, carbohydrate, lipid, ma ihe ndị ọ na metabolism nke carbohydrates mụọ kacha mma. Mbụ, insulin enwekwu permeability nke cell membranes ka glucose na otú na-enye ya nyefe si ọbara na anụ ahụ. Nke a hormone activates fosfoglyukotransferazu enzyme (geksozokinazu) ma si otú na-enye akakabarede nke glucose na glucose 6-phosphate. Ọgwụgwụ N'ihi nke insulin mmetụta carbohydrate metabolism bụ Mbelata ọbara glucose kasịnụ (hypoglycemia) na ìgwè glycogen na muscle, imeju na ndị ọzọ akụkụ. N'ihi na erughi nke insulin mkpụrụ ndụ ida ha nwere ike iji glucose. Ya ego n'ime ọbara nwayọọ nwayọọ enwekwu (hyperglycemia), na ọ na-amalite na-eguzo na mmamịrị (glycosuria).

E wezụga insulin enhances glucose iga ọbara ifịk amino asịd, n'ime cytoplasm nke Lymph mkpụrụ ndụ, ọrụ ọ na transcription na translation, dapụtara na enwekwukwa protein njikọ.

Mmetụta nke insulin na lipid metabolism kpatara eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọ na-enye ojiji nke carbohydrates maka njikọ nke elu carboxylic asịd, na-ama kpụrụ triacylglycerols na ndị ọzọ na lipids. N'aka nke ọzọ, insulin na-egbochi anụ ahụ lipase, gụnyere ruru ka mgbochi nke mara ụlọikwuu guzobere. Ezughi oke guzobere insulin ke idem esonyere ụba Ihere amino asịd, nke n'ikpeazụ na-eduga ka ìgwè amonia na urea ke iyịp. Mee ọ rụọ ọrụ lipolysis, na-eduga ọbara ìgwè free ọdụdụ asịd, ketone ozu na cholesterol.

Homonụ nke pancreas: glucagon. Glucagon zaa bụ imeju mkpụrụ ndụ, adipose anụ ahụ na muscle, ma isi na otu onye bụ imeju, nke na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru nduzi glucagon phosphorylase, nke n'aka nke activates hydrolysis nke glycogen. Ya mere, ego nke glycogen na imeju mbelata na-abawanye na ọbara glucose. Ke adianade do, glucagon enhances gluconeogenesis, activates lipolysis nke adipose anụ ahụ ma si otú na-egbochi mmepe nke ibu oké ibu. Nke a na-esonyere guzobere buru ibu nke acetyl-CoA na ketone ozu. Mbelata glucagon secretion na hyperglycemia na enwekwu na nchegbu na-arụsi ọrụ ike.

Homonụ nke pancreas: somatostatin. Incretion igibiruet ifịk hormone insulin na glucagon, gastrin na nhọrọ gastrinstimuliruyuschuyu secretion nke hydrochloric acid. Imebi nke incretion nke insulin, glucagon, na somatostatin underlie mmepe nke-arịa ọrịa shuga. Nke a na ọrịa e ji a n'ozuzu adịghị ike, hyperglycemia, glycosuria, polyuria (kwa ụbọchị ego nke mmamịrị abawanye site 3-5 ugboro), e nwere ọrịa cataract, corneal opacity e dere.

Homonụ nke pancreas: lipokain na vagotonin. Lipokain - hormone-dị ka umi nke na-egbochi imeju abụba, ọ akpali ọxịdashọn nke abụba, ọdụdụ asịd na ha tinyekwa si imeju na anụ ahụ, na-akwalite biosynthesis nke phospholipids. Vagotonin-akpali ọrụ nke parasympathetic ụjọ usoro, karịsịa vagus akwara, activates hematopoiesis Filiks.