Pelvic Mmebe: Ọdịdị, ọrụ

Site na pelvis gụnyere pelvic ọkpụkpụ, sacrum, coccyx, pubic symphysis, na akwara njikọ, nkwonkwo na ntị. Ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara na-ezo aka na ya na ike ebe.

Isiokwu na-emekọ na Mmebe nke pelvis: na skeletal usoro, muscular usoro, omumu na excretory akụkụ.

Pelvic ọkpụkpụ usoro

Ọkpụkpụ nke pelvis mee nke pelvic ọkpụkpụ, sacrum na coccyx ọkpụkpụ. Onye ọ bụla n'ime ha na-ike ofu. Ilium, na coccygeal articulates na sacrum.

The pelvis ekewa nnukwu na obere ngalaba.

The mbụ mejupụtara n'akụkụ na iliac nku. The n'ime ala bụ iliac olulu, na n'èzí - gluteal olulu.

Obere efere mejupụtara a oghere nke cylindrical udi na elu ma na ala oghere (i.e. ọsọ ọsọ na-mmepụta).

The mmanụ ọkpụkpụ a obere mobile na-enyere aka ndị inyom na-amụ nwa. The naanị ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ mmewere nke pelvis nwere ndị na-esonụ iche iche na ndị ikom na ndị inyom:

• nwoke pelvis bụ ogologo ma dị warara, na ndinyom ya mkpumkpu na wider;
• nwoke pelvic oghere nwere conical udi, nne na - cylindrical;
• iliac nku bụ ndị ọzọ akwụ ọtọ, ndị inyom - ọzọ ịgbasapụ;
• alaka nke pubic ọkpụkpụ na ndị ikom na-etolite ihe n'akuku nke 70-75 ogo, inyom - 90-100 degrees;
• ikom ụdị n'ọnụ ụzọ yiri a obi (dị ka na chaatị dị iche iche), na ndinyom ya - gburugburu, ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-eme na ndị inyom na hụrụ n'ọnụ ụzọ dị ka "Card Heart".

ùkwù

Ọma mepụtara anọ akwara njikọ idozi ọkpụkpụ nke pelvis, mmewere ahụ nke bụ nke a tụlere n'elu. Nyere ha jikọọ na onye ọ bụla ọzọ atọ nkwonkwo: pubic anọ na (abụọ unpaired), sacroiliac (ụzọ) na sacrococcygeal onuete.

Otu emi odude ke pubic ọkpụkpụ n'elu onu, na ndị ọzọ na - na ala. Nke atọ sacral akwara njikọ siri ike nkwonkwo na iliac ọkpụkpụ.

Pelvic muscle usoro

Ná nkebi a, pelvic Mmebe ọkọnọ parietal na visceral musculature. Akụkụ mbụ nwere nnukwu pelvis muscle, nke ndị mejupụtara atọ interconnected m.iliacus, m.psoas isi na m.psoas obere. The pelvic musculature, otu parietal anọchi anya piriformis, obturator internus na coccyx.

Abdominal mọzụlụ na-abuana ke guzobe nke pelvic n'ala. Ọ mejupụtara paired uru na ịkpọlite ndị ike na unpaired m.sphincter Ani extremus.

Lee ndị pubococcygeus muscle, na iliac-coccygeal na ike mepụtara okirikiri muscle nke distal akụkụ nke ikensi.

Ọbara na lymphatic usoro

Blood aga n'ime pelvis (Mmebe ebe a na-atụ aro pelvic mgbidi na akụkụ nke esịtidem akụkụ) nke hypogastric akwara. Ọ mbụ e kewara n'ihu ma n'azụ, na mgbe ahụ ka ndị ọzọ alaka.

The adụ anụ ahụ nke na pelvis nke a nnukwu ọbara abanye otu arịa a.iliolumbalis, nke abahade abụọ ọnụ alaka.

Pelvic mgbidi na-nyere site anọ akwara:

• mpụta sacral;
• obturator;
• elu gluteal;
• usụhọde gluteal.

The circuitous mgbasa arịa aka abdominal mgbidi na retroperitoneum. Mgbe Roundabout venous gburugburu isi veins na-agba ọsọ n'etiti nnukwu na obere pelvis. E nwere otutu venous anastomoses, emi odude na-esote na mgbidi nke ikensi na ya ọkpụrụkpụ, nakwa dị ka n'okpuru pelvic peritoneum. Mgbe mgbochi isi pelvic veins spain veins bụ detours, n'úkwù, ihu abdominal mgbidi na retroperitoneal abụba.

Anatomy nke pelvis, nakwa dị ka ndị ọzọ na usoro, na-egosi mgbanwe na Lymph vaskụla morphology.

Isi lymphatic anakọta si pelvic plexus atụle iliac Lymph, Lymph-adọpụ uche.

Lymphatic arịa n'okpuru peritoneum ukwuu n'ime rue na n'etiti pelvis n'ala.

innervation

The irighiri akwara nke ebe a na-ekewa n'ime:

• somatic;
• autonomic (ọmịiko na parasympathetic).

Somatic akwara usoro nọchitere anya sacral plexus, metụtara na lumbar. Ọmịiko - sacral akụkụ nke ókè-ala ị ga na unpaired coccygeal ọnụ. Parasympathetic akwara Na nn.pelvici s.splanchnici sacrales.

ike

Ọ bụ mgbe esịne ke pelvis mmewere nke gluteal mpaghara. Otú ọ dị, topographically ọ ga-nkewa ebe a, ma ọ bụghị na ala na nsọtụ. Ya mere, aka na ya ná nkenke.

Gluteal region bounded si n'elu iliac crest na n'okpuru - na gluteal n'ogige atụrụ n'okpuru gluteal uzo dị. On mpụta akụkụ a pụrụ anọchi anya a vetikal akara nke a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọkpụkpụ na medial - ma ebe na-kewapụrụ mezhyagodichnoy ọdịiche.

Tụlee mmewere nke n'ígwé ebe a:

• akpụkpọ nọ n'ógbè bụ oké na oké;
• ọma mepụtara subcutaneous anụ ahụ na elu, n'etiti na ala akwara;
• soro elu elu gluteal fascia efere;
• gluteus Maximus;
• gluteal fascia efere;
• adipose anụ ahụ n'etiti nnukwu na n'etiti muscle muscle oyi akwa;
• n'etiti oyi akwa nke uru ahụ;
• miri muscle oyi akwa;
• ọkpụkpụ.

excretory akụkụ

pelvic Mmebe agụnye unpaired muscular ahu - eriri afo. Ọ mejupụtara a top, ahụ, na ala na olu. Otu ngalaba na-agafere nke ọzọ. Bottom ofu aka urogenital diaphragm. Mgbe eriri afo amalite jupụta, ya udi na-aghọ ovoid. Mgbe efu eriri afo udi bụ nso saucer.

Perfusion usoro ewepụtara hypogastric akwara, na venous outflow na-eduzi ke oké cystic plexus, nke bụ n'akụkụ aka n'akụkụ ebupụta na prostate.

Innervation na-ebu site somatic na autonomic emep uta eri.

Ikensi amalite si na-amalite amalite na isi mmalite. Upper Front - na-ewepụtara endodamụ, na ala - e nweghi n'elu ectodermal oyi akwa.

Ikensi bụ n'ogo nke pelvic hindfoot. Ọ na-ekewa atọ akụkụ: elu, n'etiti ala.

Na-anọchi anya dị ike musculature n'èzí longitudinal emep uta eri na n'ime - okirikiri. The mucous akpụkpọ ahụ mejupụtara ọtụtụ folds. Innervation yiri ihe na-eme na eriri afo.

omumu usoro

ọ gaghị ekwe omume iji tụlee pelvis (ụlọ) na-enweghị ihe omumu usoro. Anatomy nke ebe ahụ nke ma sexes Genital gland, Wolffian ahụ ọwa, Mullerian duct, urinary na Genital imi bumps, ogige ma na-apụta.

Gonads tọgbọrọ azụ na ghọọ egg ma ọ bụ ovary, karị. Volfovyh ahụ ọwa na-Müllerian duct na-tọrọ ebe a. Otú ọ dị, mgbe e mesịrị na nwaanyị inwe mmekọahụ na-ọdịiche dị ọwa Mullerian na nwoke - Wolffian ahu na ducts.

The ike nke mmalite na-ekere ke mpụga akụkụ.

Amu na ovary etolite n'azụ peritoneum.

Nwoke omumu usoro na-anọchi anya:

• egg cover esịnede akpụkpọ, nrọ shei Cowper fascia, cremaster, na ngụkọta onwe tunica vaginalis, tunica albuginea;
• Mkpụrụ gland;
• na lymphatic usoro;
• abụba esịnede n'akụkụ atọ (isi, ahụ na ọdụ);
• spermatic udo;
• agbapụ vesicles (oghere tube buhtoobraznymi protrusions);
• prostate gland (glandular muscular ahu n'etiti eriri afo na ala nke diaphragm);
• amụ, esịnede n'akụkụ atọ (mgbọrọgwụ, ahụ na isi);
• urethra.

Anatomy nke nwanyi pelvis agụnye omumu usoro nke:

• akpanwa (emepụta mullerian ọwa);
• ovary pụrụ iche ovarian fossa;
• fallopian akpa, esịnede anọ nkewa (na foneelu, gbasaa òkè, warara na perforating mgbidi akụkụ);
• ikpu;
• mpụga genitalia, esịnede nnukwu labia na vulva.

perineum

Nke a na ebe a na-emi odude ke pubic ugwu n'elu nke pelvis ọkpụkpụ coccyx.

Anatomy nke perineum na ndị ikom na ndị inyom na-ekewa 2 ebe: nzuzu (n'ihu) na gbasara ike (n'azụ). Tutu nke ubi kwekọrọ na urogenital triangle na azụ - rectal.

ọgwụgwụ

Ebe a bụ a Ọdịdị ahụ nọchiri anya ya efere dị ka a dum. Anatomy nke ubi, n'ezie, bụ a mgbagwoju usoro. Isiokwu na-enye a nkenke nnyocha nke ihe ọ bụ na otú ọ na-arụ ọrụ.