The Northern Sea Nsoro. Ports nke Northern Sea Nsoro. Development nke uru na mmepe nke Northern Sea Nsoro

Russia nwere ịrịba mmiri ebe ke Arctic. Site ndị a expanses ụgha Northern Sea Nsoro (NSR) - pụrụ iche navigable okporo ụzọ na ihe na-akpali akụkọ ihe mere eme na nnọọ nnukwu atụmanya.

Onye ama ama nke oké osimiri na-aga nke na-aga site na North

The Northern Sea Nsoro a na-ewere isi na nke kasị mkpa thoroughfare nke Russian mbupu na Arctic mpaghara. Ọ na-aga site na oké osimiri eru n'ime Arctic Ocean. Nke a okporo ụzọ ejikọ oké osimiri na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri dị na European na Far Eastern akụkụ nke Russia. Mmalite nke Northern Sea Nsoro - na Kara Gate. Agwụ okporo ụzọ na Providence Bay. Ngụkọta ogologo nke Northern Sea Nsoro - iji nke 5600 km, oge mbụ ọ niile wee pụọ moreplavatelnaya Swedish njem edu Nordenskiöld na 1878-79 afọ.

The Northern Sea Nsoro na-arụsi ọrụ na-eji Soviet-akwọ ụgbọ mmiri na 1940-80-ies. Na 70 nke a n'ụzọ ka anyị malitere ije ije icebreakers. Mgbe ida nke Soviet Union e wee malite ịpụta ugboro ugboro mba ọzọ ikpe. The kasị ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Northern Sea Nsoro nọ Igarka, Dikson, Tiksi, Dudinka na Pevek Providence. Navigation na-jisiri site Department of Maritime Transport nke Russian Federation (na Soviet Union mere Glavsevmorput, mgbe ahụ, Ministry of Morflot).

The isi na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri

The Northern Sea Nsoro na-amalite Barents Sea. Ọ na-ahụ na-aga n'ihu na ndị ọzọ mmiri nke oké osimiri - Kara, Laptev na East Siberia na Chukchi. Na nke ọ bụla mmiri na ozu na-emi odude na isi na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Northern Sea Nsoro. First ya Murmansk, Arkhangelsk, n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ - Dixon, nọ n'ógbè ndị Yenisei Gulf arịa gabiga Dudinka na Igarka, n'itinyekwu n'ime Laptev Sea - na Noordwijk, mgbe ahụ, Tiksi (Delta nke Lena), Ambarchik (ọnụ nke Kolyma), na Pevek na mmiri n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri dị na Providence.

Ndị a ihe nke mbupu akụrụngwa, nke na-emi odude ke inua nke isi osimiri na-eme ka a n'ụzọ mgbe n'ihi na ibu n'ụgbọ mmiri na-aga. The Northern Sea Nsoro - a okporo ụzọ tinyere nke-ebu osisi, ígwè, coal, ụlọ ihe, nri, furs. The ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na Northern Sea Nsoro na-na-emegharị na-enweta a nnukwu icebreakers.

Nsogbu nke mmepe nke SMEs

Ọkachamara kweere na modernization nke Russian Arctic akụrụngwa ga-achọ ọkpụrụkpụ ego na mmadụ ego. Ọ ga-adị mkpa iji melite ọrụ na hydrography na Meteorology, ka a usoro nke keikuku surveillance nke ije nke ice, na-eke ụlọ ọrụ gọọmenti na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi na-achịkwa. Ọ dị mkpa ka iwelie MOE ego, mma ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri akụrụngwa.

Ke adianade do, nnyocha na-ekwu, e nwere ọtụtụ ha na-edozilighị mbipụta banyere normative-iwu isi inye iwu ije ụgbọ mmiri tinyere NSR. N'ọtụtụ ụzọ, akụkụ a ga-ekpebi akara ọzọ mara mma ka ndị mba ọzọ investors - ma ọ bụghị naanị na ubi nke ibu mbupu, dị ka ndị dị otú ahụ, ma na-na n'akụkụ agba. Dị ka ihe atụ, ndị Arctic njem. E nwere ọtụtụ ndị chọrọ ka a na-eme njem na North osisi, na ụlọ ọrụ si Russia nwere ike ịghọ ndị kasị ibu n'ụwa suppliers nke njem dị otú ahụ ọrụ.

Interest si mba ọzọ

Dị ka ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara, mmepe nke Northern Sea Nsoro bụ kwara ruuru nke bụghị naanị Russia, kamakwa ọtụtụ mba ndị ọzọ. Mbụ, ndị isi ike nke Asia-Pacific - China na India. Na-egosi mmasị na a obere ma na-akwanyere ùgwù na-ekwu, - dị ka Singapore. Ụfọdụ Russian ọchịchị tụrụ aro na anyị mkpa iwu iwu ndị na-achịkwa ije nke Maritime iga mba ọzọ mbupu ụlọ ọrụ.

Ọnọdụ ahụ, ọkachamara na-ekwu, nwere ike mgbagwoju anya site na ọnọdụ nke United States na-adịghị ewere na ndị isi nke Northern Sea Nsoro bụ nanị Russian ikike. Ọzọkwa, dị ka iwu iwu okporo ụzọ ọbụna Russia ọ dịghị otutu mmadu kwenyere. Ma e nwere ndị ọkàiwu ndị kwere na Russia nwere ikike ịchịkwa Itie ụgbọ mmiri tinyere Northern Sea Nsoro site norms nke United Nations Convention on Iwu nke Sea, guzosie ike na 1982.

On ochichi nke SMP

The isi ọchịchị ahụ na Aims mezie igodo na SMP - bụ Administration nke Northern Sea Nsoro, Central ụlọ ọrụ dị na Moscow. Dị ka norms nke Russian iwu, mbupu na mmiri nke pipeline a rụrụ na ekwe usoro. arịa ndị nwe ga-etinye n'ọdịnihu iji NSR mmiri. Administration nke Northern Sea Nsoro tụlee na-eme ka a mkpebi na-emere ma ọ bụ na-ajụ ya. -Akpali mmasị, ngwa usoro na-ezi modernized: akwụkwọ nwere ike zigara electronically, na, Ọzọkwa, na English, nke bụ nnọọ adaba maka mba ọzọ ọkwọ ụgbọ mmiri. NSR Administration enyocha ngwa n'ime 10 arụ ọrụ ụbọchị na nsị gị azịza (a mkpebi banyere ma ma ọ bụ inye a ikike) ke ukara website.

nri nke igodo

Russian Northern Sea Nsoro - n'okporo ụzọ, ebe e nwere ndị navigation iwu kọwara iwu nke Russian Federation. A ọtụtụ chọrọ na-akọ na na ọdịdị. Ka ihe atụ, ọ bụrụ na ụgbọ mmiri ga-on SMEs na obe na West (East) akara, mgbe ahụ, otu ugboro n'ụbọchị nke ụgbọ mmiri ahụ ga-eziga ndị na Administration nke Northern Sea Nsoro isi ihe ọmụma banyere ụgbọ ya.

Otu n'ime ha - ala na-achịkọta ndị ụgbọ mmiri, na-zubere oge nọrọ na mmiri nke SMP, kpọmkwem N'ezie, ọsọ, nakwa dị ka ihe ọmụma banyere ọnụnọ nke ice na-aga nke ụgbọ mmiri. The onyeisi nke ụgbọ mmiri ga-ozugbo-agwa ndị Administration nke NSR na achọpụtara na isi mmalite nke mmetọ. Ndị ụdị arịa na-enweghị ike ime na a na ok ịta nke ice, ga-ahazi ha omume na icebreaker nsoro na-na mgbe niile na nkwurịta okwu na SMP ochichi na soro ntuziaka maka inwekwu ije ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa.

NSR

Ụfọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na-ahọrọ bụghị na-arụ ọrụ na okwu ndị dị ka ndị Northern Sea Nsoro, dochie ya na okwu bụ "ebe". The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke SMEs, si otú inyịme n'ime obosara nke territorial oké osimiri nke 12 kilomita na akụ na ụba mpaghara nke free ije nke arịa bụ 200 kilomita ogologo. Area SMP - si Kara Gate na Bering Strait.

The Northern Sea Nsoro, dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọkwọ ụgbọ mmiri - a mgbagwoju nke ọtụtụ mbupu ụzọ gasị. Ha kpọmkwem ogologo bụ bụghị mgbe niile na-adabere tumadi na n'oge a kara aka mgbanwe ọkpụrụkpụ na ọnọdụ nke Arctic ice. The Northern Sea Nsoro - bụ karịa 70 isi na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na ihe. E nwere ọtụtụ Russian mpaghara (Chukotka, Yakutia n'ụsọ oké osimiri na n'akụkụ mpaghara) maka nke NSR - nanị okporo ụzọ ejikọta ha na ndị ọzọ nke mba.

Nuclear icebreakers on SMP

N'ihi ala na onodu ubochi ji mara ije nke arịa na Northern Sea Nsoro agaghị ekwe omume na-enweghị òkè nke icebreaker nsoro. Ugbu a na-aga site NSR 6 nuclear-kwadoro icebreakers. Nke a nsoro ana achi achi anụ ọrụ nke dum oké osimiri ụzọ na doziri nsogbu metụtara rụọ ohere na mpaghara nke Far North of Russia na Arctic shelf. Dị ka ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara, na Russian icebreaker nsoro - na guarantor nke mba nche. Dị ka ndị dị otú ahụ, ndị icebreaking ship bụ ihe karịrị 8,000 kilomita - si Murmansk, Vladivostok na-agwụcha. N'ezie, abụọ n'ime ndị kasị ibu na ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-mbupu na NSR, aha ndị a na obodo abụọ. Dị ka ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara, na Russian icebreaker nsoro ga-abakwa ụba. Nke a ga-melite aku viability nke okporo ụzọ ike ọhụrụ ọrụ na mpaghara SMEs, ka ihe ka mma na ndị bi Mbugharị na North.

aku na uba na atụmanya

Dị ka ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara, SMEs kwesịrị idé maka a na-ama ndị Suez Canal na ihe ndị ọzọ nke ụwa kasị ukwuu na Maritime akụrụngwa. Dị ka ụfọdụ ndị na-eme nnyocha, ndị kacha ike nke SMEs - banyere 50 nde tọn ibu kwa afọ. Seafarers onwe ha kweere na SMP bụ kwa afọ ọzọ na ndị ọzọ na-ewu ewu - karịsịa megide ndabere nke ọrụ ibu na mmanụ na gas ụlọ ọrụ na mpaghara nke Yamal na Arctic.

Otu ihe dị mkpa ọrụ ke oru oma eji okporo ụzọ na-kweere na ọkwọ ụgbọ mmiri ga-eme ka onwe investors. Dynamics bụ nchekwube: na 2010, ndị SMP Naanị 4 nnukwu ite, mgbe ahụ, na 2011 - 34, na na 2012 - ama 46. Ndị ọkachamara kweere na e nwere ezi ihe mere ha na-atụ anya n'ihu ibu ke ọrụ nke mbupu ụlọ ọrụ dị na NSR mmiri - ma Russian na mba ọzọ.

ọrụ nke ala

Dị ka ụfọdụ ndị na-eme nnyocha, tupu mmalite nke 2000s, Russia kwụọ obere mmetụta nke mmepe nke Arctic dị ka a dum na Northern Sea Nsoro karịsịa. Otú ọ dị, na-adịbeghị anya na ala budata ike na ebe ndị a. Malitere ịpụta ọhụrụ iwu na-ewelite okwu mkpa ka mmepe nke mpaghara n'akụkụ aka SMP. Ndị a na ọnọdụ, ọkachamara na-ekwu, n'ụzọ dị ukwuu n'ihi oké akụkọ ihe mere eme ọrụ nke Russia na Arctic, ọchịchọ nke ala nwetaghachị ya mbụ mmetụta na mpaghara. Na 2008, President aka ihe dị mkpa akwụkwọ - "Fundamentals nke Russian ala amụma na-Arctic ruo 2020". Northern Russian ebe ọ mara dị ka otu n'ime ndị isi-emeri mee nke mba. Ụfọdụ na isi mmalite SMP bụ ihe nke mba iga nkwukọrịta. E nwere ihe ọzọ isi iyi nke iwu - "Strategy nke ọhaneze na mmepe nke Siberia", nakweere na 2010. Ọ na-ekwu na oru oma eji ego SMEs - a isi ihe na-aga nke ọma n'ụzọ akụ na ụba na mmepe na Siberia mpaghara.

Ige nti si China

Otu n'ime ndị kasị arụsi ọrụ ike mba ọzọ egwuregwu banyere navigation na mmiri nke SMP - China, a mmekorita ya na Russia nke na-adịbeghị anya na-ewere karịsịa mkpa. Na ọdịda 2013, ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara kwuru na-akpali nweela, ndị a na-Itie site na Northern Sea Nsoro Yong Sheng arịa. Ọ tụgharịrị na ụgbọ mmiri ahụ, na-ahọrọ na-aga site na Russian Railway, ndibọhọ banyere izu abụọ tụnyere ma ọ bụrụ na-egwu mmiri site na omenala ụzọ maka Chinese-akwọ ụgbọ mmiri na Indian Ocean site Suez Canal. N'ezie, ọ na-apụghị imetụta n'ihu abawanye na mmasị nke Chinese mbupu ụlọ ọrụ iji dị ka ihe mara mma ụzọ. Cooperation n'ime kpuchie nke igodo na mmiri nke SMP na-arụsi ọrụ na-atụle n'etiti China na Russia na ọchịchị larịị.

President of Russia na SMP

The mmasị nke ala na a ọzọ kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na mmepe nke Northern Sea Nsoro na-deere site n'ihe nlereanya nke ndị President ọkwá. Vladimir Putin gwara onyeisi ozu ịdọrọ site 2015 ntụgharị na okporo ụzọ SMP ruo 4 nde tọn. N'ihi na usoro a na-speeded elu nyere nke ọhụrụ arịa ike nke na-aga ka ice ọnọdụ, nakwa dị ka ice-Oké mmali - nuclear na dizel. The President kwuru na ọ dị mkpa iji kwalite na nkwukọrịta akụrụngwa, Maritime igodo, mmezi nke ụgbọ mmiri. The zuru ụwa ọnụ mgbaru ọsọ - na-atụgharị okporo ụzọ n'ime ihe mara mma maka oji onwe ụlọ ọrụ Russia na mba ndị ọzọ direction. Na otú ihe ịga nke ọma ga-mmepe nke SMEs, ndị isi nke ala, na-adabere n'ụzọ na-eme n'ọdịnihu Russia ga-enwe ike iji na-akwalite ha onwe ha na mba ọdịmma na Arctic.

The uru nke NSR maka Russia

Vladimira Putina iwu na-agbanwe agbanwe na general gọọmenti N'ezie na mmekọrita otú kwesịrị mmepe nke Northern Sea Nsoro. Economic mmepe nke ọtụtụ n'ógbè Russia na-adabere na-ewu nke akụrụngwa ga-abụ otú ọma SMEs - karịsịa na Arkhangelsk Region, Siberia. Dị ka ụfọdụ ndị na-eme nnyocha, mkpa nke Northern Sea Nsoro na Russia bụ ike overestimate. N'ihi na anyị na mba, SMP - bụghị naanị a ekwe mmiri okporo ụzọ, ma na-na ngwá ọrụ nke ga-edozi a ukwuu na Arctic mpaghara. Ya mere, ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na aku na uba na Northern Sea Nsoro agaghị eri-irè dị ka ọ na-atụ anya na ndị ọchịchị, ndị ọkachamara, na mba ọchịchị nwere kwere ga-anọgide na-etinye ego na mmiri n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri akụrụngwa na-ewu icebreakers - tọghata, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, SMEs na-emeri na isi n'ihi na mba-agbachitere.