Ugboro abụọ dike nke Soviet Union Makarov Oleg Grigorevich: biography, rụzuru na-akpali eziokwu

Nkà onye, a ọkà mmụta, a ma ama imewe engineer, cosmonaut Oleg Grigorevich Makarov bụ ihe ùgwù amaala nke obodo nke atọ kwuru, sị: Yakutsk (Russian Federation), Dzhezkazgan (Kazakhstan) na Rivne (Ukraine). Na mmalite nke ọrụ ya n'ụbọchị na afọ, nke a na-ewere na mmalite nke oge nke ohere ngagharị. Ọ bụ na 1957, ndị Soviet Union ulo oru nke mbụ bụ na ụwa wuru satellite. Na na mmalite nke omume a dị mkpa bụ mgbe ahụ na-eto eto na-amaghị Makarov Oleg Grigorevich.

biography

Awards nwoke a dị ọtụtụ. Ọ bụ ugboro abụọ dike nke Soviet Union: na 1973 na 1978. Oleg Grigorevich Makarov a mụrụ nke isii January 1933 na Tver region na Udomlya obere obodo nke otu district. Nna ya bụ onye serviceman, ya mere, na akara nke oru na-esi n'otu ebe ruo ebe ọzọ. Mgbe ọ dị ihe dị ka afọ asaa, ya na ezinụlọ ya kwagara Moldova, ebe ọ bụ ná mmalite nke World War II. Nne na obere Oleg na-kpọpụrụ mbụ na Saratov, mgbe ahụ, na Fergana, Uzbekistan. Site n'afọ 1943 ruo 1945 na ha bi Tver na mpaghara na obodo Kesova Góra. Mgbe agha, nna ya kwagara Weimar na Germany. E Makarov Oleg Grigorevich na ezinụlọ ya biri site na 1945 ruo 1949-nke. Weimar ezinụlọ ya kwagara Ukraine obodo nke Rivne. Ebe a na 1951, nwa okoro na okokụre iri ọkwa akwụkwọ.

na-eto eto

School afọ Oleg Makarov weere ọnọdụ na a siri ike agha na agha afọ. Ugboro njem na n'enweghị onye bi na ebe nwa okorobịa ahụ nwere mgbe niile-eji ọhụrụ ọnọdụ na ọzụzụ omume, hapụrụ ha akara na ya agwa. Ma na 1951, mgbe ndụ na ọnọdụ ego Makarov ezinụlọ ọzọ ma ọ bụ obere laghachi nkịtị, ndị nne na nna nyere nwa ya nwoke na-anọ na Rivne na e ịga mahadum.

Study na Baumanke

Ma ugbua guzosie ike a siri ike agwa nwa okorobịa kwuru na mkpebi ya. Makarov Oleg Grigorevich họọrọ a ihe siri ike ụzọ. O kpebiri na-aga Moscow na ịbanye elu tehuchilische ha. Bauman. Nke a na elu ụlọ akwụkwọ nwata mụtara ọrụ bụ ndị jere ozi na nna-ya.

Na isi obodo, Oleg zutere nwa nwanne nne ya. Eugene n'oge na-amụ na afọ nke ikpeazụ nke Mei. The nwata nyeere nwanne ya gburugburu na-amaghị obodo iji.

Malite nke ọkachamara ọrụ

The nwa okorobịa banyere mahadum na ọ na-ọma amu. Ya ubre na-eme ya mere na ndị OKB-1, nke ekemende a nwee njikọ chiri anya ya biography. Oleg Makarov gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na ntụziaka e recruited kpomkwem ke a na nzukọ dị ka ihe engineer.

Fọrọ nke nta niile ọrụ ya ọrụ wee ebe na nzukọ. Onye ama ama imewe Bureau gawa site onwe ya, Sergei Pavlovich Korolev. Ọ ozugbo mmasị Makarov.

Oleg G. arụ ọrụ na mmepe nke rọketi na ohere ngwá engineering usoro, were ifịk akụkụ n'ala na ụgbọ elu ule. Ọ bụ ngalaba-ede akwụkwọ nke akụkọ na ihe e kere eke nke Ụwa satellite na cosmonaut on board. Makarov were a kpọmkwem akụkụ na usoro nke na-emepe emepe a Ntụpụta elo imewe nke a manned "Vostok", Ọzọkwa, o nyere ọrụ na mma nke ụgbọ mmiri. Taa, e nwere mmadụ ole na ole, ọbụna tupu mbụ ụgbọ elu n'ime oghere jisiri ime nke ukwuu maka ohere, dị ka Oleg G ..

Jobs na engineering detachment

The mbụ set of cosmonauts malitere na 1960. Ke akpa otu bụ nanị agha ụgbọelu. Egosiputa na unit na Moscow na mpaghara, n'ebe taa na-arụ ọrụ Cosmonaut Training Center. Ọ bụ n'ebe ahụ a obere obodo e wuru, mara n'ụwa nile dị na Star. Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ were ife efe na nkà dị ukwuu injinia. Dị ka a N'ihi ya, e guzobere ọzọ ìgwè. Ọ gụnyere injinia, astronauts na cosmonauts-eme nnyocha. Na ngọzi nke Queen na squad mgbe a nnọọ rigorous ọgwụ nnyocha e dere na 1966 na Makarov Oleg Grigorevich - na mbara igwe, bụ ndị a na-aga site a nnọọ ike na kama ogologo preparatory oge tupu ya nrọ ndị na-efe efe na enweghi ngwụcha eluigwe na ala jupụtara.

ọnwa mmemme

Ebe ọ bụ na 1967 Makarov na 1968, ọnụ na A. Leonov nọ na-akwadebe fega ọnwa. Ma ọ bụghị-ebe. Amị n'ọnwa omume na-emechi maka a ọtụtụ ihe, isi n'etiti nke bụ akụ ụta okuku ha n'oge ha na igba egbe unmanned. Ọ bụghị na-na-efe Makarova na DOS-2 - ogologo oge ojii.

The mbụ ohere ule

Makarova nrọ na-na na-emeghe ohere bụ na- ruo mgbe 1973. Naanị na afọ nke iri anọ ncheta nke Oleg G. mere ya mbụ ụgbọ elu. Ọ bụ na ohere ruo ụbọchị atọ (27-29 September). The-arụ ọrụ gụnyere mmadụ abụọ: a Makarov - a ụgbọ elu engineer nke ugboelu "Soyuz-12" na Lazareva. Nke a ụgbọ elu, ọtụtụ na-akpọ pụrụ iche. Nke bụ eziokwu na ọ bụ nke mbụ mgbe ihe mberede ọjọọ, na 1971, a ụgbọ mmiri na cosmonauts V. Volkov, G. Dobrovolsky na V. Patsaeva on board.

Makarov na Vladimir Lazarev nwere elele niile imewe mkpebi na-eme ka oru ndozi, nakwa dị ka na-enwe ọhụrụ suut. Flight biri ọma. N'ihi heroism na obi ike nke Makarov Oleg Grigorevich e ọdịda nke aha dike nke Soviet Union.

mberede

a-arụ ọrụ ụgbọ elu ọzọ fọrọ nke nta kpata ọdachi. Nke ise na April 1975 rọketi na Makarov na Lazarev banyere n'ụgbọ ọma si Baikonur igba egbe na saịtị. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ọ na-etinye n'ime orbit mere mberede. Ọ mere na a mgbe ugboelu bụ n'ala na a elu nke fọrọ nke nta abụọ na narị abụọ kilomita. Ọ dabara nke ọma, triggered mberede nnapụta usoro. Dị ka a N'ihi ya, ndị astronauts na nrida Capsule ejected. Ọnọdụ ebelebe. Mbara igwe na-guzo iri abụọ ugboro bufee, nke na mbụ na ọ dịghị onye nwere na-enweta. E kweere na ahụ mmadụ adịghị mma dị otú ahụ. Otú ọ dị, Oleg Grigorevich Makarov (cosmonaut), dị ka, n'ezie, na VG Lazarev, bụ amacha na o nwere ike na-adị ndụ. Na ndi oru ugbo maka omeka agu e ọdịda nke Order nke Lenin.

Ozugbo gụnyere ndị mere nke na-abụghị ụmụ mmadụ ule flights esote Makarova na Lazarev ndị na-enyo enyo. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụghị otú ahụ, Oleg G .. Ya ọchịchọ dị ukwuu ma dị ike agwa jikọtara na ezi ahụ ike nyeere ya aka mee ka mbara igwe nwere ihe abụọ ohere flights. Otú ọ dị, a abụọ arụ ọrụ otu VG Lazarev abụghịzi aka.

Ọganihu na ohere ngagharị

Makarova were ụgbọ elu ọzọ na January 1978, mgbe ọ dị ka a ụgbọ elu engineer na spaceship "Soyuz-27" rutere ogologo oge ebe "Salyut-6". The-arụ ọrụ bụ V. Janibekov. N'ụgbọ ọdụ ndị astronauts Romanenko na Grechko.

Oge mbụ na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke uwa ngagharị nri na nso-Earth orbit ohere mgbagwoju e kpọkọtara, na-enwe a ogologo banyere iri atọ mita, na ibu - iri atọ kwa tonne. Ọ gụnyere a ohere ojii na abụọ manned ugboelu. Nwetara astronauts dechara ha ozi n'ụzọ zuru okè ma a ịrịba research ọrụ. Ọ bụ nzọụkwụ ọzọ na-amụba oge spaceflight. N'ihi ya malitere usoro nke na-eke a ohere na nnukwu nnyocha ụlọ ọrụ. N'ihi na nke a ụgbọ elu Makarov natara a abụọ nrite "Gold Star".

Ikpeazụ ya spaceflight Oleg G. mere na afọ iri anọ na asatọ na afọ. Ebumnobi bụ isi nke a na njem bụ mgbidi nke thermal akara usoro nke ogologo oge orbital ojii. Duration bụ iri na atọ ụbọchị. Ọrụ ahụ incredibly ịma aka, ma ndị astronauts nagide ya.

na-akpali eziokwu

Na 1980, Oleg G. gbachiteere ya tesis maka ogo nwa akwukwo nke oru sayensi. N'afọ 1986, a chụpụrụ n'ihi ọrịa site na iji, laghachi na ya isi engineering. N'obodo ya nke RSC "Energia", o nwere ọnọdụ nke osote onye ndú.

Ya na nwunye ya, Valentina Soldatovoy Oleg Grigorevich zutere ke 1960, ndị OKB-1. N'otu afọ ọ lụrụ. Na 1961, di na nwunye mbụ a mụrụ nwa. Kpam kpam Makarov ụmụ nwoke abụọ. Na 1998, Olegu Grigorevichu mere na CDB ịwa obi, ma o nweghị ike n'ụzọ zuru ezu naghachi. Ọ nwụrụ ugboro abụọ dike nke Soviet Union Makarov Oleg orú-na-asatọ na May 2003 na ya dacha n'èzí Moscow. Ọ dị iri asaa na otu na afọ. Oleg G. lie Moscow Ostankino na-eli ozu.

Makarov edebeghịkwa a onye Archive, ma ezinụlọ ya bụ ike na-anakọta a nnukwu ego nke ihe ma na-agafe ha na Space Museum. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ọrụ rụrụ site na ụmụ ya, nyere aka site na ibe si Bureau.