"Admiral Lazarev", nuclear kwadoro ugbo agha: akụkọ ihe mere eme na e ji mara

Agha mgbere - a dịtụ ọhụrụ ụdị ụgbọ mmiri, na-etolite-adịghị si classic mgbere na a ọgaranya biography, na kpụrụ a iche iche akara na ụwa shipbuilding na ndabere nke na-ebukọrọ. A pụrụ iche ebe ha development were a subclass nke nuclear warships.

Ma ebe ọ bụ na ha e kere n'ihi na-eduzi a agha nuklia, ọ bụghị ndị nwere omenala bughi nchebe. Na akụkụ nke Ndahie, kara aka na-ebu arọ agha, etinye obi gị dum ọzọ na ndị ọzọ ọhụrụ ụdị ngwá agha ha na ha na-agbanwe ego nke ike oriri, nakwa dị ka ụlọ ọrụ maka ndi oru ugbo, nke na-gbanwere chọrọ, karịsịa na mmiri kara aka maka ogologo oge kwurula igodo.

"Orlan" oru ngo

The draft dabeere na premise nke na-eke na-akparaghị ókè obodo kwụụrụ osimiri liner, nke bụ ka ụwa oké osimiri anya n'ihi na, na mgbe ahụ na-ebibi nuclear agha submarines.

Leningrad Northern Design Bureau natara TOR maka mmepe nke a ọhụrụ oru ngo, na-akpọ "isi" na nọmba 1144. The ngo gụnyere obodo nche atụmatụ ihe ndị kasị mkpa na ngwá agha nke mmetụta nke a agha iku. Ya mere, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na ngwá agha zoro n'okpuru oche.

The isi onye iro nke ndị ọhụrụ ụgbọ mmiri e kwesịrị onye iro dị ike ugbo elu. Na obibi ya na dee nke dị iche iche ikuku agbachitere ụkpụrụ nke edinam na caliber. Anti-ship akụ ụta na-zubere maka ọgụ ugbo elu na-ebu.

Project 1144 e a nnọọ akp na oge, zuo ezu na recycled. All n'ụzọ doro anya loomed ọdịdị multipurpose warship. N'otu ogbo esote ụgbọ ahụ ikpeazụ nhazi ọkwa, ọ malitere a arọ nuclear-kwadoro agha ugbo agha.

Analogues ná mba ọzọ na ụgbọ mmiri nke "Orlan" (ná mba ọzọ ọ natara designation Kirov-klas battlecruiser aha ya bụ ụzọ Tarka) na-enweghị. Total Ndahie ugbo agha bụ fọrọ nke nta 26 puku ise, mgbe ọbụna omenala-wuru agha ugbo agha na nuclear propulsion USN "Long Beach" na otu na ọkara obere.

The Government nke Soviet Union, e kpebiri iru anọ warships nke a na klas.

Mgbe Ịtọ mbụ ugbo agha imewe e bipụta, na atọ mgbere wuru maka oru ngo 11442. All bụ ụgbọ mmiri dị iche iche na ụdị na nke ukwu nke ngwá agha. Ọ na-e chere na niile ugbo ala ga-onwem na a ọhụrụ oru ngo, ma ọ bụghị ihe nile ụdị ngwá agha e tinyere n'ime uka mmepụta, na kwukwara ka ha na-adị dị. Ya mere, naanị ikpeazụ ugbo agha kwekọrọ na oru ngo fọrọ nke nta kpamkpam.

Project 1144 mmiri

Tarka "Kirov", tọrọ ntọala na 1977 ke ini utọ, wee bata n'ime ime ihe na ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke afọ 1980. Na 1992 ọ nọ na-esịne ke Northern Fleet nke Russian Federation n'okpuru a aha ọhụrụ "Admiral Ushakov" na-anọghịzi n'ọrụ na 2004. Ugbu a na-echere mkpofu.

Next bụ "Frunze", tọrọ ntọala n'oge okpomọkụ nke 1978 ma bata ime ihe na n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ 1984. The aha ọhụrụ nke ụgbọ mmiri - "Admiral Lazarev". Nuclear ugbo agha naanị nke "Orlan" oru ngo mmiri o jere ozi na Pacific Fleet.

"Kalinin" Tarka tọrọ ụfọdụ lag, ke ini utọ 1983, ọ batara na ime ke mbubreyo 1988. Mgbe e mesịrị ya bịara mara dị ka "Admiral Nakhimov". Ọ bụ ugbu a na Severodvinsk maka di ike ma ga-na 2018 kpọfere Northern Fleet.

"Admiral Lazarev", nuclear kwadoro ugbo agha, na modernization nke nwere ike na-amalite bụ nanị mgbe Severodvinsk ma na-ewekarị nke mbụ ụgbọ mmiri nke usoro isiokwu a, ma ọ bụ zuru ezu nwughari na ga na-ebe nke ọrụ "Admiral Nakhimov", na-eche ha na akara aka na ebe ugbommiri na-ekedo mgbidi remzavoda Pacific .

Construction nke a anọ ụgbọ mmiri, ẹkụre mbụ frasi nke nke si ida nke USSR na na nke a, a nkọ Mbelata ke ego, na-agbasa ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Tọrọ ntọala na 1986, ọ batara na ime naanị na 1998. Ma ugbu a flagship nke Northern Fleet, "Petr Veliky" naanị ibu ọrụ.

Nka na ụzụ data ugbo agha

N'ihi ya, na nke ugbu a "Admiral Lazarev", nuclear kwadoro ugbo agha, ogologo nke bụ 252, obosara - 28,5 na sedimenti - ihe karịrị 9 mita, "Orlan" bụ nke abụọ ụgbọ mmiri nke oru ngo. Forecastle ugbo agha bụ banyere 70% nke ụgbọ mmiri ogologo. Ọ na-ekewa site mmiri ghara ịba n'ime bulkheads n'ime iri na isi compartments. Ụlọ ahụ gburugburu nwere 5 redio. The AFT oche na-onwem na a hanga atọ helicopters na ebuli ha maka nnyefe, nchekwa ụlọ ọrụ maka mmanụ a na-mgbọ. Main ihe superstructures - aluminum-magnesium alloys.

General ndoputa na ugbo agha n'ebe ahụ, ma na ala bụ abụọ nchedo site agha mmebi, na na waterline gbatịrị gburugburu perimeta nke thickened akpụkpọ belt, n'ịdị elu - 1 m n'okpuru waterline na 2,5 m n'elu ya.

mesikwuru nchedo

Armored Protection guzobere engine na chernobyl nkebi agha cellars helikọpta hanga cellars mgbọ, mmanụ nchekwa. Na-echebe site ogbunigwe, isi n'iwu center nke ụgbọ mmiri na ọgụ ọmụma center.

"Admiral Lazarev" - nuclear ugbo agha onye e ji mara ekwe na-akparaghị ókè oge na-kwurula navigation na a nuclear chernobyl. Na na boilers na kwuru ọsọ na ọ pụrụ ịbụ na oké osimiri 1000 ụbọchị.

Ya kacha Ndahie - 26,2 puku tọn. Na inyeaka ji esi mmiri ọkụ nwere ike iru gbapụrụ ọsọ nke iri na asaa na ọnụ na ihe bụ isi echichi - 31 mara akpụ, ma ọ bụ onshore ji atụ 57 km / h.

ike osisi

"Admiral Lazarev" - nuclear ugbo agha Motors nke na-arụ ọrụ na mmanụ nuklia.

Ike osisi na a ise agụba ejima-aro kposara. Ọ mejupụtara abụọ mmiri-mma thermal chernobyl onye ike - 600 mW, abụọ uzuoku turbines ngụkọta ikike 140 ọtụtụ puku afọ. a.

The mejupụtara nke ọ bụla n'ime ihe abụọ ahụ kwurula ngalaba uzuoku amụba echichi na-agụnye chernobyl systems na mmezi ngwaọrụ. PRP bụ na chernobyl ogige. On ma akụkụ ya imi na n'azụ nke ụgbọ mmiri bụ a uzuoku-tobaim osisi nke abụọ kwurula akụkụ, ma onye ọ bụla nke ha na-arụ ọrụ na ya akara.

Ugbo agha nyere na fallback enye uzuoku turbines. Akpaghị aka boilers mmanu ndi mere onwe mmanụ ụgbọala na-arụpụta 115 tọn kwa hour nke uzuoku ọ bụla.

Steam na ghọọ mmanụ a rụrụ na osisi nke ọ bụla otu branched anwụrụ netwọk.

Ụgbọ mmiri na ọkụ eletrik na-nyere site anọ tobaim generator, ike nke ọ bụla n'ime ha - 3000 kW, na anọ gas tobaim nke 1500 kW ọ bụla. Ha na-enịm ke nkebi anọ.

Nke a na-enye ohere ike osisi na-enye ọkụ eletrik na okpomọkụ na a obere obodo 150 puku bi.

akụ ụta

Tarka "Admiral Lazarev" - nuclear ugbo agha, ndị ji akụ ụta,-emegide ugbo elu, ogbunigwe, torpedo-m complemented ugbo elu.

The isi pụtara ìhè ike nke ụgbọ mmiri - nke iri abụọ mgbochi agha usoro (RCC) "Granit" - supersonic ụgbọ agha na igba egbe arọ nke 7 ise, ala-na-efe efe na lekwasịrị na a nso nke n'elu 600 km. Ha na-emi odude ke launchers n'okpuru oche na ụta. The elu n'akuku bụ 47 Celsius.

Agba ọsọ na-kwurula, otu n'ime ha na volley ijiji n'elu ndị ọzọ na-ejisie, ekesa ihe mgbaru ọsọ n'ihu mgbaru ọsọ niile flak ha na-arụ a siri ike kpaa kụrụ ọnụ.

N'ihi na nso-agbachitere ugbo agha arụnyere na abụọ nke ụta superstructure Sam "Osa-MA" na esiri abụọ-girder Pu 40 akụ ụta.

Ụzọ bụ isi nke agbachitere anya mpaghara ugbo agha - abụọ-emegide ugbo elu agha mgbagwoju C-300F "nkera", na isii na vetikal launchers ẹkedori ọ bụla.

Otu Pu e mere maka mmalite-elu nke asatọ agba, ya bụ, ihe niile ụgbọ mmiri nwere ike hapụ 96 akụ ụta n'out oge. Goals na airspeed ruo 1.3 km / sec, "Fort" ike kụrụ na a anya nke 75 km n'ebe ịdị elu nke 25 na 25 puku mita.

Ogbunigwe na-emegide ugbo elu na ngwá agha

Nuclear agha ugbo agha "Admiral Lazarev" E kere ya dị ka ogbunigwe ngwá agha abụọ na-egbe turret 130 mm AK-130, nsogbu na etak ubom na M-184 ọkụ akara usoro nke nwere ike n'out oge soro abụọ na nzube. Ịgbasapụ egbe nwere ike atụgharị 180 Celsius, ekwesị lowered ka -10 Celsius na dị elu dị ka 85 Celsius.

Nke a eluigwe na ala set nwere ike ọkụ na ikuku, offshore na onshore nzube na a ọnụego nke ruo 86 agba kwa nkeji na a anya nke 25 km.

"Admiral Lazarev" - atọm ugbo agha flak nso ubi nke e na-anọchite anya anọ ogwe nke abụọ isii gbọmgbọm 30 mm AK-630M na a nkịtị mgbọ projectiles 48 puku ..

antisubmarine mgwo agha

Arọ nuclear agha ugbo agha "Admiral Lazarev" dị ka ngwá agha mgbochi agha usoro e onwem na "nsụda mmiri" rọketi-torpedo ma ọ bụ 84RN 83RN ụdị na-agba ọsọ si torpedo akpa na n'akụkụ nke ụgbọ mmiri. Rọketi Agbabara n'ime mmiri na a omimi engine-agba ọsọ, Ọ na-ama site na ikuku na esịmde lekwasịrị na a anya nke 60 km. Naanị e kewapụrụ warhead - 400 mm homing torpedo UMGT-1 ma ọ bụ a nuclear omimi ụgwọ. Mgbọ iri atọ rọketi-torpedoes.

Na ụta scripting reactive dvenadtsatistvolny 213 mm ogbunigwe RBU-6000 "Twister-2", na na etak ubom - abụọ 303-mm ogbunigwe 6 RBU-1000 "Twister-3 '.

skwodron

"Admiral Lazarev" - nuclear ugbo agha, dabere na osisi ụgbọelu detachment si atọ arọ helicopters ma ọ bụ ezubere iche mgbochi mgbanwe dabere na ebumnobi. Ha nwere ike igosi na ihe aga-eme nke search na nnapụta, nyoputa onyeiro na iche designation, antisubmarine search. Na mgbakwunye na hanga n'okpuru oche inwego na mgbọ nchekwa, ugbo agha e onwem na a ọdịda n'elu ikpo okwu na etak ubom post na ụgbọelu management ndị dị mkpa akụrụngwa. N'ihi crews iche iche cabins e nyere.

Cruisers nke a na oru ngo-akpa na-enweta dị a idobere Ndahie na-enwe ike zoo n'okpuru oche, na ụgbọala na mmanụ ụgbọala ọkọnọ ha.

Rada ngwá agha na-esi n'aka nkwurịta okwu

"Admiral Lazarev" - nuclear ugbo agha na Kacha ọhụrụ electronic ngwá agha. Ọ gụnyere nnyocha e mere Rada MR-600 "Ọwụwa" na MP-710M "frigeeti-M", jikọtara na a Rada usoro "ọkọlọtọ", abụọ igodo "Vaigach" ụgbọ, abụọ ụgbọ ịchọpụta ala-efe efe "mee ihe maka" nzube, na usoro "mbanye-Na "igodo maka helicopters.

"Cantata-M" electronic ọgụgụ isi na electronic agha rụrụ mgbagwoju. Site countering emeso na abụọ ejima launchers mgbagwoju decoy na mgbọ 400 agba, towed torpedo ụgha lekwasịrị na a dị ike shumogeneratorom.

The mgbagwoju radio "Typhoon 2" ẹkewetde nke nkwurịta okwu na usoro dị iche iche wavelengths, gụnyere satellite "Mbufịt-BM".

Ịchịkwa na agha ọmụma akara usoro (CICS) "ubi 44".

The-arụ ọrụ

Nuclear agha ugbo agha "Admiral Lazarev", wdg 1144/11442, jere ozi site na a-arụ ọrụ ihe karịrị narị asaa ndị mmadụ, gụnyere 100 120 ojii.

N'ihi na ndị ọrụ na ikike ọrụ e mere otu na abụọ cabins maka akwọ ụgbọ mmiri na-abachaghị uru ọrụ - Kubrick mere maka 6-30 ndị mmadụ. Mkpofu otu òtù abụọ baths, a sawụna, a ọdọ mmiri size of 6 × 2,5 m, iri na ise mmiri, ike na X-ray unit na kabinet, outpatient ngalaba, ọrụ ụlọ, adịghị ike na-ere ọgwụ.

N'ihi na ntụrụndụ, na ugbo agha nwere atọ ọgbaghara-ụlọ, ezumike, mgbatị.

Ma ka na-na osisi na-nọrọ n'ụlọ gị onwe gị na TV studio, atọ nchekwa ihe na iri anọ na itoolu corridors nke fọrọ nke nta iri kilomita.

gara aga ugbo agha

"Admiral Lazarev", nuclear kwadoro ugbo agha, nke mụtaara aha "Frunze" ruo mgbe 1992, si 1984 na 1996 dochie ọtụtụ osisi ụlọ: 190, 050, 028, 014, 058, 010, 015.
The ugbo agha na oru, nyere ke ini utọ 1981 bịara n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1984 na n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1985 na Baltic mgbanwe biputere na Vladivostok.

On ụzọ Tarka akpọ na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na Angola Luanda, Aden na South Yemen na ọtụtụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Vietnam.

The ida nke Soviet Union ama ada oké nsogbu, gụnyere Navy. N'ihi ya, anya, na oké mgbalị a na-agwụ agwụ gara ụgbọ mmiri nke usoro isiokwu a, ndị mbụ na nke abụọ wee na fọrọ nke nta ezu disrepair. Ke isua 90-ies nke ikpeazụ nke narị afọ si ọgụ ike nke nsoro "Admiral Lazarev" M nọ na-etinye n'ime ogologo oge nchekwaba na ghọrọ megharịa na Bay Abrek. Ná ngwụsị nke narị afọ na ọ dị njikere na-ala n'iyi, mgbe ahụ, ha echepụtawo a obere akụkụ nke ego maka idozi otu n'ime mpaghara idozi ụlọ ọrụ.

Ke mbubreyo 2002, a ọkụ wee daa n'ụgbọ mmiri na otu nke Kubrick. Ọkụ na-alụ ọgụ awa anọ, ma ọ na-akwụ ụgwọ anya ọma. Mgbe afọ abụọ gachara, ndị ugbo agha anya nuklia ike osisi.

Ya mere azụ na 2011 na o legidere anya "Admiral Lazarev", nuclear kwadoro ugbo agha (foto n'okpuru).

n'ọdịnihu ugbo agha

Ezie na ụgbọ mmiri ahụ e nyere, na-eche banyere ya akara aka na-abaghị uru. The mkpebi ime nke ugbua mkpebi, ma ma ọ ga-ẹkenịmde, na ókè, anọgide na-hụrụ.

"Admiral Lazarev" - nuclear ugbo agha modernization nke a ga-ẹkenịmde ke mbenata technical mweghachi ngo Tarka "Admiral Nakhimov", ugbu a na ẹkenịmde ke n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri idozi iweghachi buoyancy 30 ano Pacific Fleet na-atụ anya n'ihu mgbanwe ná ndụ ya.

E were ya na taa anọ vysokoavtonomnyh Tarka na akara dị nnọọ otu, ha ka ndị kasị ibu na ọtụtụ ndị agha dị ike na ụwa na ya na klas. The mbụ na naanị n'elu-mmiri nuclear mmiri nke Soviet na mgbe e mesịrị na Russian Navy, enweghị analogues na ụwa.