Mikhail Bogdanovich Barclay de Tolly: nkenke biography, isi ụbọchị na ihe ndị mere ya ndụ

Ruo ugbu a, e nwere na-arụrịta ụka banyere kpọmkwem ebe na oge nke ọmụmụ Mihaila Barklaya de Tolly. Nke a bụ n'ihi na enweghị nke na isi mmalite, na-emetụta nnọọ akpa oge nke ndụ nke ihe ịrịba ama ndị agha onye ndú.

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Dị ka ukara biography, nke na-egosi na ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ọgụgụ na akwụkwọ, Mikhail Bogdanovich mụrụ December 16, 1761. Ọ mere na a obere Lithuanian manor Pamushise. Nke a na ebe so Duchy nke Courland, nke bụ podvassalnym na ikwu na Commonwealth. Na 1795, a n'ógbè Lithuania, ọnụ na ala na ụlọ ghọrọ akụkụ nke Russia, dị ka onye nke atọ nkebi nke Poland.

Ma ogologo oge tupu, nna ya wee kuru nwa ịkpọlite a na ezinụlọ St. Petersburg. Barclay de Tolly, na mba nke nwere ike kọwaara ụzọ dị iche iche, nwere Norman-German mgbọrọgwụ. Nna nna ya kwagara Riga si Germany. Nna nna Michael ọbụna onyeisi obodo nke obodo a. Ya na Nna ya na-eje ozi na-eme n'ọdịnihu ọchịagha nke ndị agha Russia, na ọ lara ezumike nká na n'usoro nke onyeisi na natara ama ọnọdụ. The ezinụlọ nke nwa na-enweghị aha bụ na German style - Michael Andersen.

Mmalite nke agha ya ọrụ

Barclay de Tolly, na mba nke na-adịghị egbochi ya site bi na Russian isi obodo, natara ihe magburu onwe agụmakwụkwọ na maara ọtụtụ European asụsụ. Site na nwata ọ bịara nwee mmasị agha Ozizi. Nke a abụghị ihe ijuanya, n'ihi na nwa ahụ na-ada ke ufọk nwanne nna ya - Colonel Novotroitsk cuirassier ndi agha.

Na 1776, ndị ndi agha were Pskov Carabinier na nọmba nke ọhụrụ ụmụ akwụkwọ. N'etiti ha bụ a na-eto eto na Barclay de Tolly. Brief biography ọ na-ekwu na nkwalite nke nwa okorobịa ọrụ ka ọganihu ngwa ngwa. Na Finland Jaeger ikpe ọhụrụ onyeisi ghọrọ osote general Viktora Amadeya Anhalt-Bernburgskogo. Ọ bụ a anya ikwu nke Eze Nwanyị Ukwu Catherine II.

Na 1787 ahụ mere ọzọ agha ndị Ottoman Alaeze Ukwu, nke e gara site Barclay de Tolly. Brief biography nke ya ka gụnyere ozi banyere wakpo Ochakov, ebe mara nwetara a n'ezie agha obi tara mmiri. Maka ikere òkè ya M. B. Barklay de Tolly ọ e ọdịda ya mbụ Ọla.

Na 1789, Major wee akụkụ ke kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na Turks. N'otu oge ahụ na Prince of Anhalt-Bernubrgskogo tinyere onye nējere ya ozi e zigara ndị agha Finland. Ọ na-ama na-buso ndị Swedes (agha nke 1788-1790.). Na otu nke ẹma ẹsịn Victor Amadeus bụ na e gburu, sochiri M. B. Barklay de Tolly a kpọfere ya ka isi obodo.

Mgbe ahụ, na 1791, bụ onyeisi nke lụrụ di na nwunye ya na nwa nwanne nna Helen. Na ezinụlọ ha nwere ọtụtụ ụmụ, ma naanị otu onye nwa anwụghị na obere (Ernst).

Service n'okpuru Alexander m

Barclay de Tolly, a obere biography nke na-agwa nke ọtụtụ crossings, wee na-ikwesị ntụkwasị obi na-eje ozi ndị agha Russia. Na afọ 90 nke narị afọ nke 18, ọ na-abuana ke suppression nke Polish nsogbu edu Kosciuszko. Ná ngwụsị nke ọbubu-eze nke Paul m, ọ malitere a Major General.

N'oge a malitere Napoleonic Wars. The eto eto Emperor Alexander m were ọzọ mgbochi French mmekota. Mgbasa Ozi 1805 hụrụ Mikhail Bogdanovich Army Gen. Leonty Bennigsen. Nke a guzobere adịghị nwere oge na-abịa ka nnapụta nke isi akụkụ nke Austerlitz Kutuzov. Ya mere, Mikhail Barclay de Tolly laghachi Russia, na ọ bụghị ịhụ bibie nke Allied ụsụụ ndị agha.

The ọdịda emebighị ọchịchọ nke Alexander merie Napoleon. Dị nnọọ a afọ mgbe e mesịrị malitere War nke Fourth Coalition, mgbe Prussia wakpoo France, ma n'ikpeazụ dara Berlin. The Russian retara gara Germany.

Na February 1807, Barclay de Tolly wee akụkụ ke Agha nke Eylau. Ọ, tinyere Bagration ada n'azụ nke Russian agha, ebe dobe mmetụta agha nke Soult na Murat. Mikhail Bogdanovich unan na ụkwụ aka nri, na mgbe ahụ wee maka ọgwụgwọ na Memel.

Ebe a na April nke otu afọ, ọ zutere Alexander m, bụ onye na oge na-agbalị nro nke diplomatic mmeri nke Napoleon. The ojii mbụ chọrọ na onye eze ukwu na-eji a chanwụrụ ụwa iwu. Mgbe onye iro na-ebipụ ya rears nke ndokwa na ego. Na nke a, na onye-iro nwere na-arụ ọrụ na ókèala nke n'agha na nke na-enweghị akụrụngwa. Dị ka ọ tụgharịa si na-eme n'ọdịnihu, ọ bụ nke a tactic nyere n'ihi na Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya nke 1812.

The Finnish agha

Dị ka Treaty nke Tilsit, Russia na France kewara Europe n'ime zones nke mmetụta. Nke a kwere Alexander iziga ndị agha na Finland iji họrọ ya site na Sweden. Barclay de Tolly, a obere biography nke gụnyere ọtụtụ mkpọsa ama na e zigara Kupio. Aru-ya we were obodo ahu na ẹkenịmde ihe dị mkpa n'ebe n'agbanyeghị ọtụtụ ẹma ẹsịn nke onye iro.

Mgbe ahụ, mara na ya WASSC aru na ice nke Strait nke quarks were ịzọ onwe Swedish Umeå. Nke a na-egosi na ndị mmeri ikpeazụ nke Russia.

Ruru ya ihe ịga nke ọma, Barclay de Tolly ahụ bụ nke mbụ Gọvanọ-General nke Finland, na mgbe agha na-eje ozi. Ya ngwa ngwa ịrị elu na-agaghị achọ anyaụfụ, bụ ndị hụrụ naanị ndorodoro upstart. Karịsịa na Michael nwere German mgbọrọgwụ na-aga na ihu ọma ya na-eme n'ọdịnihu.

Agha nke 1812

Mgbe Napoleon wakporo Russia na 1812, Mikhail Bogdanovich nke mbụ iwu Western Army. O nwere agbahapụ, iji mee ka onye iro n'ime obodo, ebe ọ ga-e-esikwaghị ike ebipụ n'ala nna ha. Na Smolensk, ọ teamed na ndị agha Bagration, onye anya malitere ebubo Barclay de Tolly nke gwụsịrị na-edu ndị agha.

N'ihi ya, n'ozuzu iwu e nyefere Mihailu Kutuzovu. The Battle nke Borodino ojii ada nri-nku agha. Mgbe akara aka nke isi obodo, Barclay de Tolly bụ n'etiti ndị tozuru oke na-ahapụ Moscow.

Mgbe e nwere nsogbu, na Russian agha wee na counter-agha, nke bụ ihe na natara ezumike, tinyere n'ihi na na Winter Obí, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ọrụ ibe ya na-ezighị ezi katọrọ "German".

adịbeghị anya

Mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Barclay de Tolly wee akụkụ ke mba ọzọ mkpọsa. Ọ nọwo na-na ọtụtụ agha, gụnyere ke "Agha nke Nations" nso Leipzig. N'ihi na ihe ịga nke ọma na-ekwesị ntụkwasị obi ọrụ ọ malitere Gụọ na Field Marshal.

Na 1818, anyị akụkọ dike jụrụ ịhapụ German ịnweta mmiri ịgwọ agwọ. Ma m nwere oge iji ihe mgbaru ọsọ, na nwụrụ na ụzọ East Prussia, 14 (26) nke May. Field Marshal ẹbụk na zuru ukpono, na ntụ ya liri na ezinụlọ ala na ụlọ na Baltic States. The mbụ ncheta Barclay de Tolly pụtara dị ka n'oge dị 1823. Na-efu nke ya nwaanyị di ya nwụrụ e wuru a mausoleum, nke e zuuru n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ.