Ruzvelt Franklin: biography, mba, ọrụ. President Roosevelt na ndị inyom

Ihe ọ bụla ị na-ekwu, ma ọrụ nke onye na akụkọ ihe mere eme ileda siri ike. Nke a na-emetụta niile na-ekwu na-enweghị isịneke, ọ bụghị naanị na mba anyị. Ọ bụghị na nke a bụ ihe pụrụ iche, na United States. Otu n'ime ndị kasị a ma ama American ọgụgụ bụ Ruzvelt Franklin. The biography nke nwoke a na-egosi otú ihe nwere ike ime ka a statesman, na nri oge na-nri ebe.

isi ozi

Ruzvelt Franklin - 32nd US President (1933), bụ onye na nwa akwukwo nke Democratic Party. Ọ mara maka mbara mgbanwe, nke a bịara mara dị ka "New Deal". Ọ bụ Roosevelt ochichi na 1933 ka nkịtị diplomatic na USSR. Olee ihe ọzọ a maara Ruzvelt Franklin? Ya biography na-egosi na ọ bụ nke mbụ ụbọchị nke German agha na ndị Soviet Union ike kwalitere oruru nke a na-arụ ọrụ mgbochi Hitler mmekota. Ọ mmasị oké mkpa iji diplomatic n'etiti onye meriri mba.

Ọtụtụ ga-agwa anyị banyere otú o biri ndụ ya Ruzvelt Franklin, biography. Mba ya (na Roosevelt ndị nna ochie ndị Dutch Juu) na-atụ aro na ọ bụ a echiche, adventurous, ọgụgụ isi na pragmatic onye. Ọ bụ eziokwu? Iji zaa ajụjụ ahụ, ọ dị mkpa ka Chọpụta dum ndụ Franklin.

Mmalite nke njem nke ndụ

Omumu nke ndị American president January 30, 1882. State of nwa - New York. Ọ Aquarius ịrịba ama nke Zodiac. Ọ bụ ka ndị unofficial ndú nke ndepụta niile US isi ebe ọ bụ na e nwere ndị post anọ consecutive okwu. Site n'ụzọ, ihe ndekọ a ga-adị gbajiri. N'ihi gịnị? Ọ bụ ihe dị mfe. Mgbe afọ abụọ gachara, ọzọ mmeghari ka oruru e kuchiri mgbe ọnwụ nke Roosevelt, nke na-na-aju na-agba ọsọ maka president n'ihi na atọ na esepu.

Na US onwe ya aha ya na-akpachi anya na Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, e kere eke nke mmekota, nakwa dị ka ihe e kere eke na mmejuputa iwu nke "New Deal" site nke ọnọdụ nke American ọrụ uku facilitated.

ezinụlọ

Family nke James Roosevelt, nke Franklin mụrụ, bụ ihe ochie na ọgaranya. Ndị nna nna ha rutere si Holland dị ka n'oge dị 1740s. Theodore na Franklin Roosevelt - ugboro abụọ isi onye mmeri America ruru ka a na-akwanyere ùgwù ezinụlọ. Franklin nna ekesịpde nnukwu stakes na ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-amị ala na ụlọ ọrụ.

Sara Delano, nne ya, na-wee si a n'ezinụlọ bara ọgaranya na a ogologo oké ozu mgbọrọgwụ. Ọ bụ n'ihi na nke a mere na n'oge okpomọkụ ọ bụla na obere Roosevelt were na ogologo oké osimiri akwọ ụgbọ mmiri, n'oge nke ezinụlọ gara fọrọ nke nta dum Europe. N'otu oge Franklin "na-arịa ọrịa" oké osimiri cravings na-anọgidesi ike niile nke ndụ ya.

mmụta

Up ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ 14, o nwetara agụmakwụkwọ n'ụlọ. Site 1896 na 1899, ọ na-debara aha otu n'ime J.Randall ụlọ akwụkwọ na Groton (Massachusetts). Site 1900 na 1904, Roosevelt natara a ogo si Harvard, na-agụsị na a nzere bachelọ. Site 1905 na 1907, Roosevelt (nkenke biography kọwara na anyị akwụkwọ) bụ ihe oru na Columbia Iwu University, nke nyere ya ikike onwe onwe. Ọ dịghị ihe ijuanya na mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ ndị ga-eme n'ọdịnihu president "nādabere" na Wall Street.

Na 1907 ọ lụrụ Anna Eleonore Ruzvelt (1884-1962 gg.), Abịa a nnọọ anya na nwa nwanne nna Franklin. Na nke a na alụmdi na nwunye na-mụrụ ụmụ isii, ma otu n'ime ha nwụrụ obere. Nwunye na-egwuri na ndụ nke Franklin nnọọ ọrụ dị mkpa, n'ihi na mgbe 1921, mgbe ọ na-butere polio na bụ, n'ezie, ghara ịdị irè, ọ were na nnukwu ego nke na-ede n'akwụkwọ.

Olee na-amalite a ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị?

Dị ka ọ na apụtawo na nnukwu oge na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Ruzvelt Franklin? Biography nke ya na nke a ọrụ na-amalite na eziokwu na na 1910 ọ nara si Democratic Party na-ọma na-agba ọsọ maka senator obibi ala. Na 1912, ọ na-akwado akwukwo maka President nke United States, Thomas Woodrow Wilson. Mgbe ọ hụrụ onwe ya a oche isi nke ala, ọ na-achụ Franklin a ọma na Ministry nke Navy. N'oge na-adịghị ọ kwagara Washington.

Up ruo 1921 ọ nọrọ ụlọ ọrụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, nke ahụ na-aghọ "ihe e ji mara" nke America. Iwusi nke nsoro, ifịk mba ọzọ amụma na diplomatic kọntaktị - ọ bụ ya "na-enwe ntụrụndụ".

Ọdịda na ọrịa

Na 1914, Roosevelt (obere biography na-nyere na nke a onwunwe) agbali na-post of Senator na Congress, ma ọ ada ada. Na 1920, ọ na-eweta mmanya, na-agbalị tiekwa mkpu dị ka onyeisi oche. Ya "onye" bụ George. Cox. Ma Democratic Party na oge a na-meriri, na ọrịa dooms Roosevelt amanye okpukpu si arụ ọrụ.

Ndị ụzọ nke ọma

Ma na 1928, mgbe Franklin ike ịghọ onye na-asọpụrụ gọvanọ n'ụlọ ya ala, ya ọrụ ngwa ngwa anya. Na nke a ọrụ, ọ nọrọ dị nnọọ abụọ okwu, nwetasịrị ọtụtụ nkà ndị bara uru, a otutu na ọ ga-abịa kemfe na-arụ ọrụ na post of president. Na 1931, mgbe ọnọdụ akụ na ụba na mba ghọọ nnọọ oké ike, nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu isi nke ala ọma "bilie" na nzukọ nke free enyemaka na-enweghị ọrụ na agụụ na-agụgbu. Ọ bụ n'oge ahụ enwekwu ya ewu ewu n'etiti ndị nkịtị Ntuli onye President ekemende esetịpụ mgbe mkparịta ụka.

ọcha ụlọ

Na 1932, Franklin Roosevelt (a nkenke biography nke ya a kọwara n'isiokwu a), nwere a bi na oge 1929-1933. (Akwa Iduọ Ndutịm Uforo), ke ofụri ofụri, ike uzo Hoover, na-eduga na mba nke ndị dị otú ahụ a arọ oge nwere ike ọ bụghị-enweghị ike. Nke ahụ bụ mgbe Franklin mara ọkwa a atụmatụ maka mbara mgbanwe na-ekemende na-akpọ "New Deal." Ọ ka na-kụziri American ụlọ akwụkwọ na mahadum dị ka ihe atụ a ziri ezi, eru na-agbanwe iwu.

The mbụ mgbanwe

Total na nke mbụ na narị ụbọchị nke ya onyeisi oche, ọ ga-enwe a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke oké mkpa na n'ezie bara uru mgbanwe. Firstly, dum ichekwa ego na bank usoro e kpamkpam weghachiri eweghachi. Nke abụọ, ọ na-nakweere a pụrụ iche na iwu na-emesi obi aka ndị niile na-ahụ onwe ha daa ogbenye. Farm ụgwọ e n'ụzọ zuru ezu refinanced, na-gafere a iwu na mweghachi nke ugbo oru, nke gụnyere ọ bụghị nanị na-enye maka akara site na steeti n'elu olu nke mmepụta, kamakwa iji zipu ezubere iche aka kasị nọ ná mkpa na-emepụta.

Roosevelt onwe ya ihe ịga nke ọma na-ekwe nkwa na ya akakabarede atụle jikoro adiaha iji weghachi ulo oru nwere. Ke adianade do, ke 1935, enye enyene a set nke iwu na-achịkwa ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ nke na-elekọta mmadụ na azụmahịa ndụ nke mba.

Na 1936, ọ ga-enweta nkwanye otu nnukwu mmeri na ntuli aka site a nnukwu oke kasị ya niile asọmpi. Ọ bụ n'ihi nke a ka o mere ka na 1937-1938. a ọtụtụ mgbalị iji nọgide na-enwe ọrụ okirikiri, "na-eme" Ókè nke obi ike nke Ntuli. Than na oge a na-akwanyere ya ùgwù Ruzvelt Franklin? Ya biography na-egosi na ihe niile ndị a innovations zutere oké njọ na-eguzogide si nnukwu industrialists. Ha mere na-amasị ndị "oké" na-elekọta mmadụ di na ala nye ndị ogbenye na ndị na-adịghị ike agba nke ndị bi na.

Olee ihe ọzọ e tiri obodo Ruzvelt Franklin (CV)? Ndị inyom na ndụ ya, n'ihi na ihe atụ, na-egwuri ọrụ dị mkpa (ọ bụ uru na-echeta naanị nwunye ya na-eme). Ọ bụghị ihe ijuanya na n'oge prezidentsva Roosevelt malitere ife efe niile mara mma ọkara nke mba. The eziokwu na nke a president aghọwo a iwu nke ịha nhata na ịnata ụgwọ ndị inyom na-arụ ọrụ, na-agha, na akụkụ ndị ọzọgasi. Otú ọ dị, ọ na-elekọta ihe niile na edemede nke ndị bi na, n'agbanyeghị nke okike iche.

maka inoperable (mgbe nile) na mkpa nke ndị nlekọta ahụ ike na: Karịsịa resonance na iwu na-elekọta mmadụ mkpuchi, na-enye na-ekwe nkwa na ugwo nke abụọ ụdị nke ha na-aka site na August 1935. Ruo na oge ọ bụla dị ka nke a na mba nke "American Dream" adịghị adị, na inweta àgwà nlekọta ahụ ike a onye na-anaghị nwere a ezigbo ego na akaụntụ, ọ fọrọ nke nta agaghị ekwe omume.

Nga agha iwu

Nke a bụ ihe kasị controversial oge nke ọchịchị ya. Na otu aka, Franklin Roosevelt, a obere biography na a na-nyere ebe a, mere omume dị ka a onye nsiridi nwoke. Na ndị ọzọ - o mere nnọọ ụmụaka na hesitantly, o doro anya na-atụ egwu a-adịghị mma mmeghachi omume si ha onwe ha agbakwa ulo oru na ego okirikiri. Oddly ezu, ma a iwu eguzobewo nnọọ enyi na enyi diplomatic na Soviet Union ke 1933. Ọbụna n'ihe banyere Latin America, ọ chụwara a iwu nke "ezi agbata obi", ikekwe oge mbụ na US akụkọ ihe mere eme site na-ekwu okwu ka ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na mba ndị a na ihe hà footing.

Ma nke a bụ nanị otu akụkụ nke mkpụrụ ego. Na o zeere jisie Filiks. Nanị tinye, ya mba ọzọ amụma dị iche ọchịchọ izere niile n'ezie ọnọdụ ndị siri ike, na-abụkarị Roosevelt, onye biography na-egbu n'ihi na ya "na-agbasa", n'ozuzu enweghị ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti tara na-ebido.

Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ ya, mgbe arụrụala akanamde ke Japanese agha China (ọ bụ na 1937), malitere na-esi ọnwụ na zuru mba iche nke mba ndị ahụ na-alụ ọgụ dị otú ahụ obi ọjọọ na-egbu ọtụtụ nde ndị nkịtị. Ma ole na ole Western ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'oge gosiri na dịghị ihe ọzọ ụfọdụ ndị nwere mmasị na mkpughe ihe otú anya na East. Nke a kwere Japan ike ya ọnọdụ dị ukwuu dị ka o kwere omume, na bukwanu aka Mikado Hitler nwere.

Ka ihe atụ, n'ihi na nke ya iwu nke na-abụghị nnyonye anya na mwepụ nke ziri ezi Government nke Italy na Spain n'oge ahụ enweghị ike ịzụta ngwá agha. Naanị mgbe Europe biiri ọkụ ọkụ nke agha, ọ nwesịrị ya mgbochi. Ma, nke a ekwesịghị ile anya gabiga ókè altruism: nnọọ na nke a, America nwere ike aka a otutu ihe ego site na-ere ogwe aka n'otu oge nile ọzọ na-agha. Olee otú o mewere n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, Roosevelt? Ya biography na na nke a nwere a otutu akpali oge.

World War II

Na 1940 ọ ọzọ meriri ntuli aka, mgbe nke ndị agha aka na UK bụ inweta ọkụ. Ná mmalite nke na-esote afọ, ọ bịanyere aka na a iwu "On Mutual Assistance", nke, ihe ndị ọzọ, na-ewebata echiche nke ibinye-mgbazinye. Ọ bụ n'ihi ya ka Soviet Union e nyere mmasị-free ego na ego nke otu ijeri dollar.

Historians ka na-arụ ụka banyere otú nnukwu a ọrụ e egwuri site ego na-ezuru ọgụ ihe Soviet Union na onye fasizim ocho okwu, ma ọ bụla ikpe ọ bụ n'ezie na tangible aka na ike mmekọahụ n'etiti mba abụọ na oge siri ike maka anyị.

Gịnị bụ ibinye-mgbazinye?

Site n'ụzọ, na-adịkarị na-agụnye echiche nke "ibinye-mgbazinye"? Ọ bụ a usoro site nke ụgwọ ọkọnọ nke ogwe aka ya na nri rụrụ, mgbọ, ihe na na. D. Eze deliveries e rụrụ na mba niile, ẹkenịmde ke mgbochi Hitler mmekota. N'agbasoghị, mgbazinye ego e nyere na Nazi Germany, na ego e refurbished Krupp.

President Roosevelt, onye biography anyị hụrụ, gbalịrị ka "skimming" nwere ike ịbụ ogologo oge nanị iwu, eziga convoys na Europe. Nke a kere ruo n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1941, mgbe ala gbara osimiri okirikiri ebe na-esiwanye na-ahụkarị ụgbọ mmiri Germany. Mgbe iwu a na-akpọsa, nke e mesịrị na-akpọ "undeclared agha."

Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ na United States na-enye ohere na-etinye na ngwá agha ha ụgbọ mmiri, na-enye ha nri na-agafe na ebe ozugbo emetụta agha, na-ekwu na niile German na Italian ụgbọ mmiri, nke pụtara na American mpaghara nke ibu ọrụ, a ga-gbara na na sunk.

The Japanese agha

Mgbe F. D. Ruzvelt, onye biography bụ nke na-adọrọ mmasị na ọtụtụ ndị, wee ghọọ ndị ọzọ nọ n'ọrụ? Ikekwe, ọ ga-nọgidere na-na "European achịcha" nanị na 1944, ma ebe a na ọrụ na-egwuri site Mikado.

Ná mmalite nke December 1941 na Japanese wakpoo Pearl Harbor na Pacific Ocean. M ga-asị na maka president a merenụ gosiri na ya nnọọ wetara anya, dị ka ọ na-agbalị niile ụzọ, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị ẹse, ga-egbu oge agha na Japan. On December 8 US ikwusa agha na Japan, na a ụbọchị ole na ole - Germany, Italy na ndị ọzọ na allies nke onye fasizim regimes.

Biography Roosevelt n'oge ahụ emezighituri udo, ya mere, ọ rụsiri ọrụ ike, na-ewere on, na dị na oruru, na post of Ọchịagha na Chief. Roosevelt rụsiri ọrụ ike na ubi nke mgbochi Hitler mmekota.

Na-atụ anya na ata edinam

Ewoo, ihe nke ọrụ a bụ nnọọ a akwụkwọ agwa. Ọ dịghị onye n'ime ndị òtù nke a mmekota, na wezụga nke naanị ndị Soviet Union, nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị agha arụmọrụ megide ndị Nazi na-anọgideghị. UK na-eme kwadoro Rudolf Hess, ihe-nkọwa nke mkparita uka nke bụ ka ndị kasị ukwuu omimi nke ndị ugboro.

January 1, 1942 a nkwupụta e banyere, bụ mmalite nke ihe e kere eke nke United Nations. Ma agafee nke ọ dịghị mkpa - Nke abụọ Front, nke ugboro ugboro jụrụ I. V. Stalin, US President na ya jikọrọ aka na-dịghị ọsọ ọsọ na-emeghe. Mgbe Franklin D. Roosevelt, a nkenke biography nke i maara, ma ọ gbanwere obi ya?

Nanị mgbe Soviet Union mebiri idé nke armored ike nke Germany, na-ebibi ya explosively kpụrụ penetrator na Kursk, nanị mgbe Stalingrad, nke di n'ala Pọlọs, ọ malitere kpọrọ ihe Soviet Union na ghọtara na a Russian ga-ekwu okwu, na mgbe agha. Na a ogbako na Tehran, ọ na-aba na-akwado Churchill, onye niile "ịjụ" ndị agha site na mmalite nke agha arụmọrụ ke Europe.

Ịnagide na Tehran

Roosevelt mbụ ẹkenịm ya ọhụụ nke ụwa nke post-agha oge ahụ, na a ogbako na Quebec City (1943). Ọ na-akpọ United States, USSR, China na UK "uwe ojii ụwa", maka ịnọgide na-enwe ahụ nkịtị ụwa iji. Na Tehran, F. D. Ruzvelt, a nkenke biography nke eleghị anya ị na-ama na-aghọta, na-atụle ihe a na Stalin na Churchill.

Na 1944, Franklin e re-hoputara na anọ consecutive okwu. Ya okwu na Yalta Conference na Yalta keere òkè dị mkpa na post-agha nwughari nke ụwa. Ya ezi uche na ọnọdụ nke okwu a mere ka, na-ebe-ele anya dị ka ihe ịga nke ọma ịnọgide na-tupu nke Soviet agha ke Eastern Europe, na a ọchịchọ na-arụ na Soviet Union na usoro nke "idozi ihe iseokwu nke ndị Japan." Ke adianade do, o gosiri Stalin na US nwere mmasị n'ihu imekọ ihe ọnụ na ọtụtụ ngalaba, gụnyere ndị agha.

Mgbe Yalta na-eme ka ya onwe ya chere ochie ọrịa na n'ozuzu ike ọgwụgwụ, akwakọba ihe niile a lụrụ agha. N'agbanyeghị nke a, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, onye biography bụ n'isiokwu a na-ama na-abịa na njedebe, ọ nọgidere na-intensively iji kwadebe maka ogbako. Ọ na-aga ka San Francisco. Ma nke a abụghị na-adị.

April 12, 1945 pụtara ìhè ọchịchị nwụrụ nke a ụbụrụ hemorrhage. E liri ya nwaafo Hyde Park. America ike na-asọpụrụ nchekwa nke a president, na-etinye ya na a par na Lincoln na Washington. Ọ ga-ọ pụta ìhè na Franklin Delano Roosevelt, a obere biography na e-atụle, mere ihe maka normalisation nke mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mba abụọ. Ma ọ bụghị ya kpatara na ụmụ ya, ma e wezụga n'ihi Kennedy, ẹkenịmde egwu isiike nkwenkwe nwere ike ugboro ugboro ime ka agha nuklia.

Roosevelt na-echeta ọtụtụ dị ka oké pragmatic, ma ike iwu. Ọ na-na oyom na-ala ọbụna na ndị na-n'ezie na-adịghị aghọta na-ahọrọ udo "ebube ọgụ." Na ọchịchị ya, ndị ji mere ọtụtụ na-elekọta mmadụ nsogbu na-emegiderịta, nke na nke ugbu a US niile ọzọ n'ụzọ doro anya ẹkedọhọde ọzọ.