Dmitry Ustinov - Marshal nke Soviet Union, na Ndị mmadụ Commissar na Minister nke USSR ogba. Biography, kwuo

Future agha Dmitry Ustinov A mụrụ Samara na ihe nkịtị na-arụ ọrụ ezinụlọ. N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na a mụrụ ya na 1908 (obere oge tupu mmalite nke mgbanwe), ọ bụ ike isonye na Civil War - ya ókè ruo n'ókè. The afọ iri na ụma emeghị ọbụna nwere oge na-agbacha ọsọ m ọmụmụ.

The ọrụ ke Red Army

Na 1922 ọ n'afọ ofufo sonyeere Red Army. E zigara ya ndị na-akpọ pụrụ iche agha (CHOZ). E kere ha nke mbụ afọ nke mba Soviet. Ha bụ "agha party" iche iche na-apụta na ndị Party cell na mpaghara kọmitii mbuso counter-mgbanwe.

Young Dmitry Ustinov e zigara Central Asia. Na Turkestan, o nwere na-eme ka agha na-apụnara mmadụ ihe na ìgwè ndị agha ahụ, bụ ndị onye nke ikpeazụ bastions nke iguzogide ọhụrụ Kọmunist ọchịchị.

mmụta

The esote afọ ofufo demobilized na 1923 na zigara Kostroma n'ógbè. N'ebe ahụ, ọ na-amụta na Makariev na ọrụ aka akwụkwọ. Ke akpatre isua, Dmitry Ustinov ewe CPSU (b). Mgbe ntọhapụ nke a ole na ole ọrụ dị ka a na-arụ ụgbọ. First Balakhna na a akwụkwọ na nkume igwe nri, mgbe ahụ, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke Ivanovo-Voznesensk.

Ọhụrụ 1929, a nwa okorobịa na-aga obodo Polytechnic Institute. N'ebe ahụ, ọ ngwa ngwa etịbede Komsomol n'ọkwá na-aghọ onye so na party Bureau. The makings nke a ndú kwere ka ọ gaa na Leningrad, ebe na na oge na-aga staffing Military Mechanical Institute.

Ọ dịrị tsarist ugboro, na mgbe mgbanwe e gbanwetụrụ ọtụtụ ugboro, gụnyere ke abụọ izi alụmdi. Ugbu a, e bụ ngalaba nke ogbunigwe na mgbọ. Na 1934, Dmitriy Fedorovich Ustinov na-emepụta e na engineer. Taa, na mahadum bu aha ya.

"Bolshevik"

Ozugbo nkà engineer nọ Leningrad Atilari Marine Research Institute. Ebe a professors arụ ọrụ ọtụtụ afọ hardening na Titanic ahụmahụ. Ustinov bụ onyeisi nke ama Aleksey Nikolaevich Krylov --arụzi ụgbọala, mgbakọ na mwepụ na shipbuilder. Ọ maara site ọtụtụ usoro iwu ọrụ, n'ihi na nke o natara dị ka ụgwọ ọrụ site na eze, na nke mba Soviet. Dị ka ihe kasị Ustinov, ọ bụ ya isi kụziiri ya a ọchịchọ ịmata na nzukọ na ha onwe ha nnyocha.

N'afọ ndị na n'ohu ahụ nomenklatura oru na J.Randall nke Soviet Union bụ uka repressions. Old cadres nwụrụ Gulag, ha na-dochie anya na ọhụrụ aha. Dmitriy Fedorovich Ustinov bụ site na nke a nnọọ "na-eto eto" oku na-aga.

Ọ na-akawanye na "Bolshevik", nke ngwa ngwa (na 1938) ghọrọ director. Nke a ụlọ ọrụ bụ iwu nọchiri nke ama Obukhov factory na otu ihe dị mkpa usoro ihe. Ebe a dị nta n'ihu mbụ Soviet traktọ na tankị.

Dmitry Ustinov bịara ebe a n'okpuru patronage nke mbụ Secretary nke Leningrad Regional na City Andreya Zhdanova. Ọ choro na ebutere kacha mmetụta. The zubere aku na uba na-arụ ọrụ mgbe niile, mmejuputa iwu nke ọ bụla chọrọ ụkpụrụ. Ustinov were ụlọ ọrụ na a mwute ala. Ma, ọ bụghị egwu na-aga n'ihi ize ndụ jikoro: ịgbanwe bụ ngwá ọrụ nke dị n'omume, re-ruru eru na-arụ ọrụ, wdg Dị ka a N'ihi ya, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe malitere napụta elu-edu ngwaọrụ ... Gosplan e karịa, na ndị na-eto eto director natara na Order of Lenin.

Ustinov, dị ka ọtụtụ n'ime ya galaxy, Stalinist eguzosiwo ike ruo mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke ndụ. Mgbe ada metụrụ ya entourage, gụnyere Nikolai Voznesensky, ọ ekewet ihe ndị a aghụghọ gbara ya gburugburu na onye ndú.

Ndị mmadụ Commissar nke ogwe aka

Izu abụọ tupu mmalite nke agha na-eto eto na ekwe director a họpụtara Ndị mmadụ Commissar nke USSR ngwá agha. Stalin kweere na a kpọmkwem agha na Reich bụ apụghị izere ezere, kama ọ ga-eme bụghị tupu na a afọ ma ọ bụ abụọ. N'ime oge a, o nwere olileanya rearm mba, ịdabere na Ustinov ọgbọ ike na nraranye.

Ọ na-kweere na oru nke Director nke "Bolshevik" maka post of Ndị mmadụ Commissar Lavrenty Beria patronized. N'oge a ọ bu onye-isi bịakwutere Stalin, na olu ya bu bụrụkwa na anya n'ihe.

Adịghị nwere oge iji ẹkedọhọde azụmahịa nyere ụlọ ọrụ, na June 22 nke ya mgbịrịgba teta onyeisi oche nke Gosplan Nikolai Voznesensky na kwuru na agha. Ọ na-ewe oge ọrụ kwa ụbọchị nke evacuating dum agha-ulo oru mgbagwoju ke n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke mba ahụ, n'ebe ndị na-eru nso n'ihu.

O siri ike na Stalin bụ "inviolable", nke mere na eziokwu na-eme n'ọdịnihu Marshal nke Soviet Union ka dị ndụ na na ụlọ ọrụ, na-ekwu maka onwe ya. Otú ọ dị, ịga nke ọma ya pụtara ìhè na-enweghị ndị dị otú ahụ atụnyere. Guzosie Ike ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ na azụ na-n'ụzọ dị ukwuu nyeere meriri Germany na a agha nke attrition. Mgbe e mesịrị, na-ama na Brezhnev oge nke ndị Soviet Union Marshal karịsịa na-akwanyere ùgwù aha nke ọma esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile nke mmepụta.

Na-arụ ọrụ a e nwekwara na-akpa ọchị merenụ. Ka ihe atụ, Ustinov nyawaa ya ụkwụ, n'elu a ọgba tum tum (ọ mgbe niile hụrụ n'anya ọgba tum tum). Na-atụ egwu ntaramahụhụ n'ọkwá, ọ bịarutere na Kremlin. Ma Stalin, dị ka ya peculiar ịkpa ọchị, na Ndị mmadụ Commissar nyere iwu inye a ụgbọala ọhụrụ, nke mere na ọ dịghịzi N'ịdị emebighị.

n'ihu ọrụ

Mgbe agha, Ustinov nọrọ na ya post. Na 1946, e nwere a mgbanwe nke Commissariats. Ha na-renamed Ministry (ala Rọshịa bụ Dmitri gị n'ụlọnga bụ Ministry nke ogwe aka nke USSR). Na 1953, ọ nọ na-anọchi a oche na wee kpọrọ ndị na-azara ọnụ ụlọ ọrụ nke ala.

Afọ isii (site na 1957 ka 1963.) na-arụ ọrụ na Council nke Ozi, ebe ọ na-aga a ọrụ na ha profaịlụ. Dị ka otu onye so na-Gagarin ụgbọelu n'ime oghere ọ e ọdịda aha nke dike nke Socialist Labor.

Minister nke Defense

Ustinov megidere Khrushchev na sonyeere n'ohu ahụ nkekọta, wepụ ya. Mgbe Brezhnev wee ike, ala Rọshịa bụ Dmitri ndammana nọgidere na steeti J.Randall. Ebe ọ bụ na 1976, ọ na-- Minista Defense nke USSR na so na Politburo nke ndị CPSU Central Kọmitii. Ndị a posts ọ nọgidere ruo ọnwụ ya.

Na Brezhnev afọ, ọ bụ otu n'ime mmadụ ole na ole wee akụkụ ke ntụle nke isi okwu nke Soviet iwu. Nke a obere ìgwè ndị na-gụnyere Leonid Illicha Suslov Andropova Gromyko Chernenko.

Ka agbachitere ozi Ustinov bụ isi mara maka ozizi. Dị ka ya, Soviet agha reequipped na natara ọhụrụ akụrụngwa. Nke a bụ ihe mere nke nuclear (SS-10) na-abụghị ngwá agha nuklia (armored agha).

Ustinov bụ otu n'ime initiators nke agha na Afghanistan, gụnyere nke mbụ ọdịda arụmọrụ. Ọtụtụ n'ihe ọrụ mere ka nke a na mkpebi nke Politburo. Ya mere Ustinov megide ndi-isi nke General Staff Ogarkov, onye, na Kama nke ahụ, na-achọghị mbuso agha.

N'okpuru nduzi nke Ustinov anyị gafere otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Soviet agha omume. Ha natara koodu aha "West-81". Mgbe ahụ agha nke mba Soviet na-akpa nwalere akpaghị aka akara usoro na ọtụtụ ụdị nke elu-nkenke ngwá agha.

n'ụzọ dị ukwuu na Minister mkpebi a kpaliri site na òkè nke mba na Agha Nzuzo, mgbe mmekọahụ n'etiti ndị USSR na United States na-agbake, mgbe ahụ, mma ọzọ.

ọnwụ

The ikpeazụ nwoke, ntụ ka e liri ihe on na Kremlin mgbidi, ọ bụ, Dmitry Ustinov. The ezinụlọ natara a ụgwọ ezumike nká ịdabere. Ọ nwụrụ ke mbubreyo 1984, mgbe a oyi na-esote show nke na ngwá agha. N'oge ahụ, ama akpa, Andropov na Chernenko dịrị ndụ na ụbọchị ikpeazụ. Ọgbọ nke ndị ndú Soviet ọnọdụ na-achọghị oge petered si eji nwayọọ agadi. Na ndị mmadụ, a na usoro nke ọnwụ a na-akpọ "agbụrụ ka e ji ebu ihe." Ustinov bụ 76 afọ.

Na nsọpụrụ nke Marshal nkenke renamed Izhevsk - City gunsmiths. Otú ọ dị, ụmụ amaala siworo meghachi omume banyere mgbanwe iwe, akụkọ ihe mere eme aha laghachiri site obodo atọ.

ukpono

Ustinov biography agụnye ya nnata nke ọtụtụ enọ, gụnyere aha nke dike nke Soviet Union, dike nke Socialist Labour (ugboro abụọ), nakwa dị ka 11 iwu nke Lenin, na ọbụna onye na Order of Suvorov na Kutuzov (ma akpa ntaifiọk).

Ke adianade do, ọtụtụ ugboro kwuru ọchịchị nke Warsaw mmeko na dum Kọmunist axis: Mongolia, Czechoslovakia, Vietnam, Bulgaria, wdg ...