Duralumin - ya ... Duralumin: mejupụtara, Njirimara, price

Duralumin - a ihe onwunwe na dabeere na ọcha aluminum na alloying ọcha, onye Nsonye na mejupụtara nke gbazee agbanwe Njirimara nke metal. Soft na fechaa aluminum enweta ibu-eguzogide, mgbe retaining niile uru nke a dị ọcha mmewere.

mberede chọpụtara

Duralumin - bụ ihe aluminum alloy na a obere ego nke ọla kọpa, nke na-noo na ụfọdụ okpomọkụ na wuru ọnọdụ. The ihe onwunwe e mepụtakwara na 1903 site na Alfred Wilm, bụ ndị jere ozi dị ka onye engineer na German factory. N'oge nwere ọ chọpụtara a ụkpụrụ, na-egosi na ogologo ahụmahụ. Ọ hụrụ na mgbe alloy nke aluminum na 4% ọla kọpa, na mgbe ahụ ka obi na n'ihi ihe na okpomọkụ nke + 500 ° C, sochiri ngwa ngwa jụrụ na-ejide na ụlọ okpomọkụ ọtụtụ ụbọchị, ndị nwetara metal na elu ike na ụkpụrụ, mgbe na-echebekwa ndị plastic Njirimara isi mmewere.

Ụdi afọ, alloys na-kwadebere na a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke nwekwara na-amụba n'ike nke ihe. N'oge ugbu ogbo nke anodized aluminum - a elu ike alloy, nke, dabere na ụdị, nwere ike na-agụnye ọla kọpa, magnesium, sịlịkọn, zinc na ndị ọzọ.

Ọdịdị

Mechanical Njirimara nke duralumin ngosi elu udu - ruo 370 MPa (ike nke dị ọcha aluminum - 70-80 MPa), nke na-eme ihe na choro na ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ubi. Aluminum alloy na chemical ọcha na ụfọdụ n'ike-n'ike ịdị iche iche e ji mara na n'ihi ihe onwunwe. The isi alloy mejupụtara classic otosịrị iru nke Efrata.

Duralumin Ọdịdị bụ dị ka ndị:

• Ọla kọpa (Cu) - 0,5% nke ngụkọta arọ.
• Manganese (igwe) bụ 0,5% alloy.
• Magnesium (mg) - 1,5% ngụkọta arọ.
• Silicon (Si) - 1,2%.
• Iron (Fe) bụ banyere 0,1% nke mejupụtara.
• Aluminum (Al) - isi mmewere.

The isi ụdị nke alloys

E nwere ọtụtụ ihe di iche iche nke alloys, ndị ọzọ karịa ya e ji mara.

Oleezi nwere ike nke anodized aluminum (mejupụtara, ligatures na àgwà)?

• Aluminum + manganese (Al + mg), aluminum + magnesium (Al + igwe), nke abụọ aha "magnaly" - ji iguzogide corrosion, elu arụmọrụ soldering, ịgbado ọkụ. Ọ na-agụghị oké ebipụ. The alloys nke ikwọ na-adịghị doro ọzọ hardening. The ihe onwunwe mee ka a mmanụ ụgbọala ọjà, radiators, tankị maka iche iche na nzube, na-ewu na-arụ ọrụ, na na. D.
• Aluminum + manganese + sịlịkọn (Al + mg + Si), na alloy e nyere aha "Avial". Njirimara nke a mejupụtara duralumin - corrosion eguzogide, lightness na ike nke welds, ezi ọka. Ekwesi na-ewe ebe na okpomọkụ nke + 515-525 ° C na ngwa ngwa jụrụ na mmiri (+ 20 ° C) maka 10 ụbọchị. The isi ngwa - ngwaahịa eji na nnukwu iru mmiri ọnọdụ, na mmepụta nke ihe, akụkụ, ígwè na ugbo elu, akpakanamde ụlọ ọrụ, na-adịbeghị anya Avial anọchi ọnụ ígwè na nkọwa nke mobile phones na ndị ọzọ.
• Aluminum + ọla kọpa + manganese (Al + Cu + mg), ma ọ bụ duralumin, - a na-ewu ihe onwunwe, dabere na mkpa iji nweta ikpeazụ Njirimara, ego nke ọ bụla alloying mmewere nwere ike ịdị iche iche. The alloy hụrụ ngwa ke ugbo elu ụlọ ọrụ, aerospace ụlọ ọrụ, n'ihi na imewe nke elu-ọsọ ụgbọ oloko ( "Peregrine") na ndị ọzọ. Na mwepu nke alloy bụ ya corrosive akwusighi. Duralumin mpempe akwụkwọ na-achọ ịgba mgbochi corrosion ọgwụgwọ, nke a na-tumadi na-eme site n'itinye aka elu nke dị ọcha aluminum.

ngwa

Duralumin - bụ isi ihe maka ugbo elu na ohere ụlọ ọrụ. The mbụ ngwa maka ugbo elu mere na 1911 n'oge na-ewu nke airships. Na narị afọ nke 21, e nwere ihe karịrị iri na abụọ ụdị nke fechaa na inogide ihe onwunwe. Maka nkọwa ugbo elu na-eji ika D16T, nke na-agụnye itoolu nke ọla dị ka titanium, nickel, wdg, na ligature emi esịnede nke ọla kọpa, sịlịkọn, magnesium. The ego nke aluminum na alloy dị nanị ọkọlọtọ content - 93%.

Ọ bụghị ihe niile alloys na-duralumin anabata nke ọma ịgbado ọkụ, ọtụtụ ngwaahịa mere na rivets na ndị ọzọ ụdị fasteners. Isi ulo oru na ojiji nke ihe onwunwe na-Aeronautics, akpakanamde, igwe ngwá ọrụ. Ma, ọ bụghị naanị na elu technology mee duralumin ka ihe atụ, maka ojiji nkeonwe ụgbọ mmiri mere site na nke a na ihe onwunwe na-eje ozi ihe karịrị afọ 20, na na ezi na-elekọta na mgbochi - na ọbụna aba.

Na shipbuilding mere nke a na ihe onwunwe bụghị naanị hulls, ma a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke esịtidem akụkụ ahụ, nkeji. Ọkpọkọ mere nke duralumin, oké-walled na mkpa-walled, na-eji n'ebe nile si ụlọ na anyị na nkwukọrịta gas pipelines. Akpọrepu Ibé akwụkwọ eji na ụlọ chepụtara.

Uru na ụkọ ihe ụfọdụ

Duralumin - ihe alloy dabeere na aluminum, nke, dị ka ọ bụla ihe nwere uru. N'etiti ha:

• High udu nke static ike.
• Long ọrụ ndụ.
• Low vulnerability mbibi.
• Iguzogide ọtụtụ corrosive gburugburu, n'ibu, kwes mmetụta.
• Ime mgbanwe iji kwekọọ Weld ọrụ (aluminum dị ọcha ụdị-agụghị oké anabata ịgbado ọkụ seams).
• The ukwuu nke ngwa.

E nwere otu isi drawback, nke nwere a duralumin - ya si n'ebe corrosion mebiri. All ihe onwunwe bụchaghị ọcha aluminum clad ma ọ bụ ntekwasa na a primer, na-egbochi rusting.

ahịa

Ịzụ ihe ziri ezi, na-eri kpụrụ dabere na akụrụngwa mejupụtara. Kasị nke osisi ndị na-amị na-abụghị ferrous ọla, na-emepụta aluminum. The price na-adabere na ọtụtụ ihe, akpan akpan na ụdị nke ngwaahịa, olu, nnyefe na ndị ọzọ ọnọdụ. The akwụkwọ soro emeputa na iwu ji ezipụta na percent nke alloy, dị ka GOST, arụmọrụ.

Na-eri nke na ngwaahịa si duralumin (Area, ọjà, mpempe akwụkwọ) amalite site na 580 rubles kwa kilogram. Na-abawanye na akporo nke ọkọnọ price kwa ton nke alloy anwụrụ banyere 510 puku rubles. Dural okirikiri-amalite na price si 250 rubles kwa kilogram. Gburugburu - akara workpiece ihe onwunwe, onye cross ngalaba bụ a gburugburu ná mgbanwe nke size, ngwaahịa ogologo bụ 3 mita.