Axial ọkpụkpụ - aghọta ihe atụ. Biology nke ya ọrụ ma na uru

The ọrụ nke ahụ support ma na-echebe ndị esịtidem akụkụ nke ụmụ anụmanụ nwere ike rụrụ na ụzọ abụọ. Ke akpa idaha, a elu ọkpụkpụ - shei. Ọ na-emi esịnede chitin, maka nwekwuo ume nke impregnated calcium salts, site ma ọ bụ sịlịkọn. Crustaceans, spiders, mites, ụmụ ahụhụ - na ụmụ anụmanụ na shei na-akpọ invertebrates. Ìgwè ndị ọzọ dị fauna n'oge embryogenesis Nleta esịtidem ọkpụkpụ, nke rụrụ ọrụ aghọta ihe atụ.

Biology akọwa ọdịdị ya dị ka a N'ihi nke usoro nke organogenesis - guzobe a mgbagwoju nke axial akụkụ. Nke a na-agụnye nural tube, gootu na-aghọta ihe atụ. Omume nke na-agbanwe connective udo ka neurula ogbo nwa bụ ihe e ji mara ma mmadụ ma anụmanụ bụ nke Type Nkea. Ka anyị tụlee nke a na ihe nkowa, nakwa dị ka dokwuo anya na ọrụ ndị axial ọkpụkpụ na vertebrates.

Gịnị bụ a-aghọta ihe atụ na usoro ndu?

Mkpebi Siri Ike nke akụkụ a nke ẹmbrayo bụ dị ka ndị: ọ bụ unsegmented notochord esịnede agbanwe connective anụ ahụ. Ọ bụ ihe dị oké mkpa akụrụngwa na embryogenesis nke ụmụ anụmanụ ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka chordal. Bookmark aghọta ihe atụ pụtara n'okpuru nural tube nke izizi chordomesoderm nke na-ewepụtara ektodamụ isi eriri afọ. N'oge organogenesis, o ju nsia tube, dị n'okpuru-aghọta ihe atụ. The Filiks kọwara n'elu bụ mgbagwoju na na-na-amụ na N'ezie nke n'ozuzu akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị usoro ndu. Olee ịkọwara tọrọ ụmụ akwụkwọ, ụmụ akwụkwọ nke anụmanụ na a-aghọta ihe atụ? Biology (mezuwo 7) Ọdịdị kpụrụ n'ịtụle ihe nlereanya nke spinal axis Amphioxus. Ka anyị tụlee nke a nke ukwuu zuru ezu.

Njirimara nke subtype bescherepnyh

Nke a Ịhazi ndi nwere otu udi - Amphioxus. Animals-ebi na ala nke Black Sea, okodu ọtụtụ ná ndụ ya wee lie ya na ájá na-gụrụ n'elu nke n'ihu ọgwụgwụ nke ahụ ahụ, gbara ya gburugburu tentacles. Site na translucent ahụ ìhè site ok tube - aghọta ihe atụ. Biology weere ya dị ka ihe akụkụ nke nweekwa usoro nke anụmanụ. Notochord na Amphioxus, dị ka ndị ọzọ oge ochie chordates - lampreys na hagfish, metụtara ndị jawless vertebrates, ugbu ofụri ontogeny Ọ na-arụ ọrụ nke axial ọkpụkpụ. Ke adianade ntule nke bescherepnyh na cyclostomes, notochord nọgidekwara n'ime ụfọdụ azụ. Tụlee atụmatụ nke ha mebere atumatu.

cartilaginous azụ

Common stingray, oké osimiri nkịta ọhịa, sawfish, spiny dogfish - a aha nke miri-osimiri bi: stingrays na umu azu shark. Dị ka akụkụ nke ha na-akwado usoro na ije na-agụnye a cartilaginous ọkpụkpụ na akwara. N'agbata vertebral ozu na spinal kanaal na-mmapụta iberibe ẹmbrayo ọgidigi azụ. Nke a na atụmatụ a ji mara nke esịtidem Ọdịdị nke cartilaginous azụ, bụ ndị na ọbụna toro ikpe ẹnịm aghọta ihe atụ. Biology kọwara dị ka ndị a: n'oge embryogenesis notochord site equidistant iche mgbochi, nke usoro a na-butere site calcareous ego owuwu. Ha ji nwayọọ nwayọọ kewaa aghọta ihe atụ na ozu nke vertebrae cartilage, connective anụ ahụ na ya n'akụkụ anọgide n'ime intervertebral discs.

Akụkụ nke ihe owuwu nke azụ Sturgeon Series

Ọnụ na umu azu shark na ụzarị, ndị ha na ha nwere ọtụtụ ihe ọnụ, ndị nnọchiteanya nke otu a bụ ndị nke oge ochie azu. N'ihi Sturgeon, beluga, stellate Ọdịdị e ji dị otú ahụ na atụmatụ dị ka n'ime cartilaginous ọkpụkpụ na notochord. Biology na-ekwu na ndị nna nna nke Sturgeon pụtara na Devonian oge nke Paleozoic oge. Site na nke a mgbe ha na Mmebe agbanwebeghị nke ukwuu. Adult forms nwere ọgidigi azụ kpuchie a shei nke oké connective anụ ahụ na aka iso ndụ. Akpan mịrị amị aghọta ihe atụ stellate Sturgeon, Sturgeon na ndị ọzọ Sturgeon na Russia dịwo eji na ihe oriri dị ka a ndochi maka achịcha na achịcha, na-akpọ ya vyazigoy.